Suchergebnisse

A brief introduction to the roundtable on William Bain, Political Theology of International Order.

Non-communicable diseases in general and cardiovascular diseases in particular are a leading cause of death globally. Trans-fat consumption is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The World Health Organization's 'REPLACE' action package of 2018 aims to eliminate it completely in the global food supply by 2023. Legislative and other regulatory actions (i.e., banning trans-fat) are considered as effective means to achieve such a goal. Both wealthier and poorer countries are taking or considering action, as shown by the United States food regulations and Cambodian draft food legislation discussed in this paper. This paper reviews these actions and examines public and private stakeholders' incentives to increase health-protecting or health-promoting standards and regulations at home and abroad, setting the ground for further research on the topic. It focuses on the potential of trade incentives as a potential driver of a 'race to the top'. While it has been documented that powerful countries use international trade instruments to weaken other countries' national regulations, at times these powerful countries may also be interested in more stringent regulations abroad to protect their exports from competition from third countries with less stringent regulations. This article explores practical and principled considerations on how such a dynamic may spread trans-fat restrictions globally. It argues that trade dynamics and public health considerations within powerful countries may help to promote anti-trans-fat regulation globally but will not be sufficient and is ethically questionable. True international regulatory cooperation is needed and could be facilitated by the World Health Organization. Nevertheless, the paper highlights that international trade and investment law offers opportunities for anti-trans-fat policy diffusion globally.

Introduction -- The harmony with nature reports and the call for non-anthropocentrism as a response to the environmental problem -- Spinoza's metaphysics : substance monism, naturalism and psychological egoism -- Spinoza and law -- Spinoza and the state -- Towards a Spinozistic theory of international law -- The reports and the normative implications of an eco-ethical approach inspired by Spinoza's philosophy

This article analyses the multiple, contrasting roles and limitations of the dominant IPE regionalist theories in the research about the New South American Regionalism. The article focuses on the methodological dimensions of each research approach, at the North and the South, analyzing the role of theory in research by the deployment of the Weberian concept of 'iron cages.' The paper critically examines two levels of categories in global conversations, one international and the other regional, which gathers dominantideas used in research on the IPE regionalism. The first level groups the South American perspectives from inside the region and anchored in dialogue with different international theoretical orientations. These are: the market-led perspective, the multilateral developmentalist, and the post developmental views. The secondlevel of categories includes the Eurocentric regionalism, liberal integration theory, and actor-oriented North American regional perspective.