Suchergebnisse

In the article I discuss some possible explanations for two features of financial globalization over recent years; first, the fact that expected returns have fallen significantly in advanced countries, even though economic growth has accelerated, and second, the fact that capital is flowing from poor to rich countries rather than the other way round, a phenomenon known in the literature as the "Lucas Paradox". The "incomplete" nature of globalization, notably the persistent differences in institutional quality between North and South, might explain both puzzles as well as the emergence of global imbalances. Alternative explanations based on a fall in risk premia and accommodative monetary policy conditions fit the facts less well. I then discuss the implications for monetary policy. [Copyright 2007 The Society for Policy Modeling; published by Elsevier Inc.]

Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of the physical threats to human and planetary wellbeing. However, climate change risks, and their interaction with other "riskscapes", remain understudied. Riskscapes encompass different viewpoints on the threat of loss across space, time, individuals and collectives. This Special Issue of the Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy, and Society enhances our understanding of the multifaceted and interlocking dimensions of climate change and riskscapes. It brings together rigorous and critical international scholarship across diverse realms on inquiry under two, interlinked, themes: (i) governance and institutional responses and (ii) vulnerabilities and inequalities. The contributors offer a forceful reminder that when considering climate change, social justice principles cannot be appended after the fact. Climate change adaptation and mitigation pose complex and interdependent social and ethical dilemmas that will need to be explicitly confronted in any activation of "Green New Deal" strategies currently being developed internationally. Such critical insights about the layered, unequal and institutional dimensions of risks are of paramount import when considering other riskscapes pertaining to conflict and war, displaced people and pandemics like the 2019–2020 global COVID-19 pandemic.

The EU budget is facing numerous long-term challenges, which are not adequately addressed, neither on the expenditure nor on the revenue side. Regardless of the future EU integration scenario, a fundamental overhaul of the MFF is required. EU expenditure should provide more European added value. Tax-based own resources partially replacing current own resources have the potential to reduce sustainability gaps within Member States' tax regimes as well as to alleviate the juste retour problem. ; This Working Paper is based on the in-depth analysis on behalf of the European Commission's Policy Department for Budgetary Affairs following the request of the Committee on Budgets of the European Parliament.

This article investigates a structural ownership model that is used to protect firms from unwelcome capital market intrusion: a multiple-share arrangement. It details the evolution of one of the United Kingdom's most successful former family firms, Whitbread, in the post-World War II era. In investigating the formation and operation of the so-called Whitbread Umbrella, the study poses the question of whether it was a positive factor in long-term strategic decision making at Whitbread. The emerging popularity of multiple-share ownership structures in the United States, as well as their endurance in other jurisdictions, positions this historic analysis in wider debates on structure, ownership, and corporate governance in the finance, economics, and general management literature.

Poverty is a disease that continues to cause insecurity and other forms of social vices in a country, which in turn affects the growth and development of the nation. The increasing poverty rate, especially in Nigeria, has become a complex problem that has resulted in economic degradation, which must be immediately resolved. Therefore, this study examines poverty and its intractability in Nigeria: causes and consequences. The study analyzes the data using Ordinary Least Square methods. The data were obtained from Federal Reserve Economic Data and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The results indicate that the poverty rate will rise by 0.035375 and 2.564296 units, respectively, for every unit increase in population and unemployment (UMP). Besides, the result shows that a unit increase in the human development index (HDI) will lead to a -4.347621 decrease in the poverty rate in Nigeria. The framework affirms that poverty is an intractability in Nigeria. The study consequently suggests that the government, non-governmental organizations, and private citizens prioritize funding for human development and embrace a solid fiscal policy that will boost economic output and lower the country's degree of poverty.

In this essay I undertake a gender-based approach to survivor narratives written by women, a controversial topic among historians of the Holocaust. Two oft-quoted texts in survivor narratives, Primo Levi's If This is a Man (1947) and Elie Wiesel's Night (1960), among others, have always attracted critical attention since they were first published. However, women's survivor narratives have been conspicuously absent from critical study, or rather, they have not been analysed from the specificity of a gender approach. Since the 1990s, Carol Ritter, Joan Ringelheim and Sara Horowitz have been keen to produce the perspective of the 'other' voice by paying attention to the way women are figured in texts by men, to the way women's personal experiences are portrayed in women's narratives, and finally, the significance of gender in understanding the Holocaust as a whole. In this sense, the conceptualisation of "gender wounding", defined as "a shattering of something innate and important to her sense of her own womanhood", will be crucial in my take on women and gender in the Holocaust. For example, Charlotte Delbo's trilogy Auschwitz and After (1995), which consists of three volumes, None of Us Will Return (1946/1965), Useless Knowledge (1946‑47/1970) and The Measure of Our Days (1960s/1971), translated into English by Rosette C. Lamont, has contributed to a more nuanced analysis of survivor narratives, in general, but also of the gender aspects narrated in her text, in particular. When her husband was killed in May in 1942, and she was transported to Auschwitz, alongside two hundred and thirty other Frenchwomen, most of them members of the Resistance, and who had been arrested not for ethnic or religious issues, but for political issues. Delbo stayed in Birkenau, (the female side of Auschwitz, and a satellite camp) until January 1944, and then she was sent to Ravensbrück, a women's concentration camp. Interestingly, this camp has been neglected in the work of the historians. Sarah Helm, in her If This Is a Woman: Inside Ravensbrück: Hitler's Concentration Camp for Women (2015), whose title plays with Levi's well-known title, attempts to set history right in giving Ravensbrück, as well as the stories generated in the camp, the place it deserves in the history of the Holocaust. Therefore, in my essay I deal with the ways in which the female voice, a vulnerable 'other' within others, is heard, and how this will help the reader re-orient women's position in the history of the Holocaust and in Holocaust literature.

The Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia share similar experiences in the past, and a swift post-communist integration into the originally West European communities of democratic countries, as their "return to Europe." Michal Vít explores how these three countries have been influenced by the new all-European environment for their independent national development. He introduces a research framework for the analysis of national identity focusing on parliamentary political parties represented at both the national and European levels. How did these parties cope with possible misfits of their understanding of national identity? How did these tensions interplay with their new transnational European political environment? Vít's study finds that, after the accession of the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia to the EU, there started a gradual decrease of identification of political parties with the European space. The extent of this estrangement was determined by these parties' belonging or non-belonging to European political party families. The book provides a better understanding of current political developments in East-Central Europe and their consequences for these countries' national and European politics.

8 p. ; International audience ; It is estimated that more than 12.000 small water supplies are managed by communities in Colombia. Nevertheless, government has not public policies and does not exist a special legal framework for these organizations. The research called "Co-management model for small water supplies, review the state-of-the-art of co-management, describes the phenomena, and propose predefined variables to analyze some Colombian small communities located in rural areas in order to develop model based in actors and roles. It shows how the government can support this management alternative, and contribute to reach a better local development based on access to drinking water and sewage for low-income people.

International audience ; As Sorcha Gunne states in Space, Place, and Gendered Violence in South African Writing (Palgrave, 2014), "liminality is not a third space or a neat hy brid, but a state of transformation. I t is the moment where, in the process of changing from one thing to another, both old and new states are experienced simultaneously" (32). It is not only the date of publication of Gordimer's Jump and Other Staries (1991) that positions it as a text which can fruitfully be analysed through the prism of liminality. Although the collection was published the year after which apartheid began to crumble and the transition began, ail of the stories had been published prior to this in various literary joumals and magazines. It will be my contention in this paper that Jump and Other Stories develops a poetics of liminality which is characterised not only by spatial and temporal in-betweenness, but by an aesthetics built, precariously, on a "place of shifting ground" ('Living in the Interregnum'). The stories in Jump deftly interweave elements of realism and metafiction, sexual politics and po!itical commitment, the everyday and the outlandish. Sometimes heavy-handed, sometimes full of finesse, these stories present "liminal circumstances" which "provide a potential platform for social cohesiveness" (Gunne 36) even as they destabilise important signifiers such as "home".

International audience ; As Sorcha Gunne states in Space, Place, and Gendered Violence in South African Writing (Palgrave, 2014), "liminality is not a third space or a neat hy brid, but a state of transformation. I t is the moment where, in the process of changing from one thing to another, both old and new states are experienced simultaneously" (32). It is not only the date of publication of Gordimer's Jump and Other Staries (1991) that positions it as a text which can fruitfully be analysed through the prism of liminality. Although the collection was published the year after which apartheid began to crumble and the transition began, ail of the stories had been published prior to this in various literary joumals and magazines. It will be my contention in this paper that Jump and Other Stories develops a poetics of liminality which is characterised not only by spatial and temporal in-betweenness, but by an aesthetics built, precariously, on a "place of shifting ground" ('Living in the Interregnum'). The stories in Jump deftly interweave elements of realism and metafiction, sexual politics and po!itical commitment, the everyday and the outlandish. Sometimes heavy-handed, sometimes full of finesse, these stories present "liminal circumstances" which "provide a potential platform for social cohesiveness" (Gunne 36) even as they destabilise important signifiers such as "home".

Globally, entrepreneurship is expected to play a central role in achieving 'inclusive growth'. This special issue draws on various developments related to the role of business incubators, academia and social enterprises towards achieving inclusive entrepreneurship, innovation and sustainable growth. A 'successful entrepreneurship ecosystem', which includes business incubation is fundamental for promoting economic growth. Over the years, business incubators are increasingly viewed as the facilitators of social inclusion and inclusive growth. Likewise, there has been an increasing focus on how society at large can gain benefit from the research activities of the academia and also how it can promote social and student entrepreneurship. Because of the positive contributions of the social enterprise sector in terms of gross domestic product (GDP), employment and positive social and environmental impacts, social entrepreneurship has gained recognition as a mainstream activity across the world. Consequently, many Asian countries have initiated a range of policies to support social entrepreneurship because of their perceived contributions towards inclusive growth.