Suchergebnisse

Drawing on the World Social Forum as an exemplary case study, this article shows how an emerging mode of cosmopolitanist vision ('transversalism') can be explained in terms of activists' experiences of both complexity and contradiction in their networks. The paper questions the idea that the transnationalization of networks of solidarity and interconnection can uncomplicatedly encourage the growth of cosmopolitanism among global justice activists. Activists' experiences of dissonances between their ideals, the complexity of power relations and the structural uncertainties in their global justice networks can provide them with a base for self-reflexive ideation and deliberation, and thereby encourage agendas for accommodating differences. Underpinning the accommodating measures which arise for dealing with such a cognitive-practical dissonance is a new mode of cosmopolitanism, coined here as 'transversalism'. The article proposes a new conceptual framework and an analytical model to investigate the complexity of this process more inclusively and systematically.

The present work approached the theoretical referents of the research project "Law and Cultural Management: episteme and contemporary practices in Ecuador", to be developed in the province of Pichincha. It will be conducted by Faculty of Jurisprudence of International University of Ecuador. It seeks to develop theoretical, methodological and practical proposals for the improvement of legal doctrine, national cultural legislation and socio-productive development of cultural processes in Ecuador. The methodology used takes into account, from the perspective of transdisciplinarity and logical methods, historical-sociological, cultural and legal elements, which implies the combination of methods of the social sciences in general, and of the legal sciences. As a project that starts, there are no concrete results, however, we conclude that, given its need, it will produce important results regarding the legal dimension of these processes in Ecuador, and their ways of developing it. ; El presente trabajo abordó los referentes teóricos del proyecto de investigación "Derecho y Gestión Cultural: epistemes y prácticas contemporáneas en el Ecuador", a desarrollar en la provincia de Pichincha. Describió la proyección de una investigación a realizarse en la sede la Facultad de Jurisprudencia de la Universidad Internacional del Ecuador. Esta, tiene como objetivos, elaborar propuestas teórico, metodológicas y prácticas para el perfeccionamiento de la doctrina jurídica y la legislación cultural nacional, así como para el desarrollo socioproductivo de los procesos culturales en Ecuador. La metodología descrita en el artículo, y que se empleará, tiene en cuenta, desde el enfoque de la transdisciplinariedad y los métodos lógicos, elementos históricos-sociológicos, culturales y jurídicos, lo que representará la combinación de métodos de las ciencias sociales en general y de las ciencias jurídicas. Como proyecto en ciernes, sus resultados principales han estado en la revisión bibliográfica y sistematización de la temática estudiada, ...

Résumé L'assistance aux personnes dites « sans domicile fixe » s'est institutionnalisée depuis les années 1980 sous le mot d'ordre de l'« urgence sociale ». Cette politique publique, inspirée de l'action humanitaire, est souvent critiquée pour avoir mis en place une « politique de la pitié ». Une enquête ethnographique auprès des maraudes du Samu social de Paris montre la complexité des sentiments moraux qui animent ce type d'assistance à la rue : la compassion y prend un sens de sollicitude et de reconnaissance, dans l'horizon de l'accès aux droits.

It is trite that the service delivery of Akwa Ibom State Civil Service is poor and research evidence reveals that the generality, most of of her staff suffer inadequate reward. Consequently, this study examined the relationship between the reward system and service delivery in the Civil Service of Akwa Ibom State. The cross-sectional survey design was adopted to carry out the investigation based on a randomly selected representative sample of 376 respondents. The study relied mainly on a structured questionnaire to generate primary data while the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was applied to test the research hypotheses. The study found that a significant association exist between pay, promotion, and staff training/development concerning service delivery respectively. Based on the research findings, it was recommended that the government should review and adjust annually the salaries and other fringe benefits of civil servants to meet the current trends in terms of living costs; opportunities for promotion should be made readily available to deserving staff without undue delays; and regular training and staff development should be instituted as a matter of a deliberate policy to strengthen the capacity of personnel to deliver improved services.

The intimate knowledge that Inuit possess about the environment has figured prominently in North American Arctic research since at least the mid-1960s, when adherents of Julian Steward's adaptationist perspective essentially displaced the acculturation paradigm that until then had dominated Inuit studies. While Nelson's Hunters of the Northern Ice is the prototype of integrating traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) into the cultural analysis of Inuit, virtually all ecologically framed research on Inuit adaptation since has drawn extensively on TEK, if only as one of several information sources. Recently, however, Inuit and agencies and individuals concerned with the conduct of research in the North have expressed concern about the appropriation of this culturally specific knowledge. In the contemporary research environment of Nunavut, TEK is now a political (as well as scientific and cultural) concern. Most specifically, I conclude that 1) TEK is not qualitatively different from other scientific data sets; therefore, its analysis and interpretation must be subject to the same "rules" that apply to other forms of information; 2) TEK, because it is frequently contexturalized in individuals, demands closer ethical treatment than it has previously been accorded; and 3) the protection of TEK from "abuse" by scientists through intellectual property rights initiatives is problematic and unlikely to serve the long-term interests of either Inuit or researchers. ; La connaissance intime qu'ont les Inuit de l'environnement a tenu une place importante dans la recherche nord-américaine sur l'Arctique depuis au moins le milieu des années 1960, alors que les tenants de l'optique de l'adaptation prônée par Julian Steward supplantèrent essentiellement le paradigme de l'acculturation qui avait jusque-là dominé les études sur les Inuit. Alors que l'ouvrage de Nelson, Hunters of the Northern Ice, représente le prototype de l'intégration du savoir écologique traditionnel (SÉT) dans l'analyse culturelle des Inuit, pratiquement toute la recherche dite environnementale sur l'adaptation des Inuit menée par la suite s'est inspirée très largement du SÉT, ne serait-ce que comme source d'information parmi plusieurs autres. Récemment cependant, les Inuit et les agences et individus concernés par la conduite de la recherche dans le Nord se sont dit préoccupés par l'appropriation de ce savoir spécifique au plan de la culture. Dans l'environnement contemporain de la recherche au Nunavut, le SÉT est actuellement une préoccupation politique (de même que scientifique et culturelle). Plus précisément, nous concluons 1) que le SÉT n'est pas qualitativement différent des autres ensembles de données scientifiques et que, par conséquent, son analyse et son interprétation doivent être soumises aux mêmes «règles» que celles qui s'appliquent à d'autres formes d'information; 2) que le SÉT, en raison de sa contextualisation fréquente chez des individus, doit faire l'objet d'un traitement éthique plus strict qu'on ne lui a accordé auparavant; et 3) que la protection accordée au SÉT face à l'«abus» qu'exercent les savants, par le biais de mesures concernant le droit de propriété intellectuelle, pose un problème et a peu de chance à long terme de servir les intérêts des Inuit ou des chercheurs.

AbstractIn the last two decades, bribery has been a salient issue in social science research in general and anthropology in particular. The subject poses considerable challenges to ethnographic research, and therefore many aspects remain understudied. My article addresses one of them, namely, the relationship between bribery, networking, 'petty' informality, and everyday social relations within the bureaucratic domain. I argue that bribery becomes possible because of informal practices that allow both officials and citizens to manipulate formal rules and processes. I also argue that mundane formal procedures that form the basis of bureaucracy become channels for informal practices. In order to research these aspects of bribery, which usually remain undisclosed and inaccessible through traditional methods of participant observation and interviews, I use legal case documents of bribery in the real estate domain in the Kiliya district of the Odesa region. I rely on an official anti‐corruption court record and explore methodological challenges pertinent to the analysis of court records as an alternative to ethnography in research on corruption. My article contributes to the study of bribery as an embedded and situated practice, linking it to ways people engage with, manipulate, and apply bureaucratic norms by enforcing informal modes of sociality in formal contexts.

"This book provides a nuanced picture of how diverse legal debates on the pursuit of economic development and modernization have played out in Latin America since independence. The opposing concepts of modernization theory and dependency theory can be seen to be playing out within the field of legal transformation, as some legal analysts define law as a closed, formal, rational system, and others see law as inseparable from economic, social and political change. Legal experiments have followed these trends, in some cases using legal instruments to guarantee classical, civil and political rights, and in others demanding radical transformation of existing legal structures. This book traces these debates across the key topics of economic development and property; labor; transitional justice; social policy; and resource and power distribution in terms of gender. In doing so, the book adds complexity and color by introducing the themes with metaphors from the arts (literature, paintings, architecture, cinema). This insightful exploration of comparative law within Latin America provides the tools needed to understand legal transformation in the region, and as such will be of interest to researchers within law, political sociology, development, and Latin American studies"--