Suchergebnisse

The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement no. 320116 for the research project FamiliesAndSocieties. We also acknowledge funds from the Academy of Finland (decision number 275030 and 293103) and the German Science Foundation (KR 2855/3–1 and TR 457/7–1). ; Objective: This paper studies postseparation fertility behavior. The aim is to investigate whether, and if so how, separation affects second birth spacing in Western European countries. Methods: This analysis makes use of rich survey data from Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom, as well as from Finnish register data. We thus cover the behavior of a large proportion of the population of Western Europe. We also use descriptive measures, such as Kaplan‒Meier survival functions and cumulative incidence curves. In the multivariate analysis, we employ event history modeling to show how education relates to postseparation fertility behavior. Results: There are large differences in postseparation fertility behavior across European countries. For Spain and Italy, we find that only a negligibly small proportion of the population have a second child after separating from the other parent of the firstborn child. The countries with the highest proportion of second children with a new partner are the United Kingdom, Germany, and Finland. In all countries, separation after first birth leads to a sharp increase in the birth interval between first and second births. Contribution: Our study is a contribution to the demographic literature that aims at understanding birth spacing patterns in Western Europe. Furthermore, we draw attention to the role of postseparation policies in explaining country differences in fertility behavior in contemporary societies. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

En la actual coyuntura de crisis social, política y económica por la que atraviesa nuestro país, los jóvenes son el segmento poblacional más afectado por el desempleo, con cifras que alcanzan el 50%. Esta circunstancia obliga a los responsables administrativos a orientarla acción de gobierno hacia el compromiso social, los procesos de aprendizaje, la socialización y la integración sociolaboral de este colectivo. Los ayuntamientos asumen tales competencias y se erigen en los principales artífices de la vertebración de las políticas de juventud, desarrollando innovadoras estrategias de interacción. A través de este estudio se analiza la implementación de los medios sociales y la tecnología multimedia en los procesos de comunicación y relación online para difundir las políticas de juventud participativas, emancipatorias e identitarias desarrolladas por los ayuntamientos. Mediante el análisis de contenido se identifican asuntos que se enmarcan en la gestión de estructuras político-administrativas centralizadas y descentralizadas, se comparan coincidencias en la prominencia de los temas, y se constata que existen diferentes grados de implementación de recursos 2.0 en estos nuevos procesos comunicativo-relacionales orientados a la ciudadanía joven. ; In the current social, political and economic crisis facing our country, young people are the segment of the population most affected by unemployment, with figures reaching over 50%. This situation requires administrative officials to guide the government towards social commitment, learning processes, socialization and social and occupational integration of this group. Municipalities assume such powers and set themselves up as the main architects for the structuring of youth policies, developing innovative interaction strategies. This study analyses the implementation of social media and multimedia technology in the processes of communicating and relatingon-line to disseminate youth policies developed by municipalities - policies that are participatory and emancipatory and that the young can identify with. Through content analysis we identify issues within the framework of the management of centralized and decentralized political and administrative structures, we compare agreement with regard to the prominence of issues, and we observe that there are different degrees of implementation of these new 2.0 resources in these new communicative-relational processes oriented towards young citizens.

In October 2005, the Maltese government unveiled its 2006 budget, which addresses a number of key issues and introduces an array of measures. However, it was the government's pre-budget decision to increase the price of petrol and surcharges on water and electricity bills that took centre stage. The social partners have expressed diverging opinions on the effectiveness of the budget, with the General Workers' Union particularly vociferous in its criticisms. In his 2006 budget speech in late October 2005, the Prime Minister affirmed that Malta's GDP grew by 1.7% in the first nine months of 2005, up from 0.2% in 2004, and that growth of 1.1% in 2006 was anticipated. He added that the Nationalist Party government's strategies to curb the public deficit have proved to be effective, as by the end of 2005 the deficit is due to drop to 3.9% of the GDP. It is envisaged that this downward trend will continue in order to attain the projected 2.8% target by 2006. The budget includes the introduction of the following measures: • a weekly wage increase of MTL 2.25; • the revision of capital gains tax on the sale of property; • new incentives, in the form of tax exemptions and refunds, for the film industry; • tax credits for firms investing in research and development, setting up 'back office' operations and setting up e-businesses in Malta; • better funding for both Malta Enterprise and for marketing and branding tourism; • privatisation of the yacht marinas, Tug Malta, Malta International Airport and Bank of Valletta; • further refunds on the purchase of solar energy products and equipment; and • pricing policy for pharmaceuticals and increased assistance for childcare centres. ; peer-reviewed

This article analyzes the promotion of social participation from the changes in educational policy due to the National Agreement for the Modernization of Basic Education, signed in 1992, focusing on social participation in the space of public policies, and in the process of social participation in the public schools of basic level. It was noted some institutionalization of the first dimension and a more irregular and vulnerable development in the second because of factors of diverse nature. ; Este artículo analiza la promoción de la participación social a partir delcambio en la política educativa debido al Acuerdo Nacional para la Modernización de la Educación Básica firmado en 1992, enfocándose en la participación social en el espacio de las políticas públicas y los procesos de participación social en las escuelas públicas de nivel básico. Se observó cierta institucionalización de la primera dimensión y, en la segunda, un desarrollo más irregular y vulnerable ante factores de diversa índole.

Although in Eastern Europe in the 1980s, the only political possibility would appear to be acceptance of the existing "socialism," this belief was challenged by in 1980/81 the Solidarity movement in Poland, which represents the first appearance in history of an entire society's movement toward emancipation. The historical lessons of this event are explored. The era of purely proletarian movements has come to an end, having been replaced by social movements; the era of classical revolutions has also ended. The Polish event was not purely political, as is Euro-Communism, but was made up of free associations. Its basic principles included the pursuit of emancipatory aims, self-organization of society, self-determination by individuals, & avoidance of the reduction of social issues to political ones. A number of long-established illusions & myths associated with socialism must now be rejected for a new vision. W. H. Stoddard.

Computational Social Choice is an interdisciplinary research area involving Economics, Political Science, and Social Science on the one side, and Mathematics and Computer Science (including Artificial Intelligence and Multiagent Systems) on the other side. Typical computational problems studied in this field include the vulnerability of voting procedures against attacks, or preference aggregation in multi-agent systems. Parameterized Algorithmics is a subfield of Theoretical Computer Science seeking to exploit meaningful problem-specific parameters in order to identify tractable special cases of in general computationally hard problems. In this paper, we propose nine of our favorite research challenges concerning the parameterized complexity of problems appearing in this context. This work is dedicated to Jianer Chen, one of the strongest problem solvers in the history of parameterized algorithmics, on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Keywords: NP-hard problems; parameterized complexity; fixed-parameter tractability; kernelization; exact algorithms; voting; decision making; cake cutting

Transitional Puzzles: Reflections on Social, Economic and Political Issues. is a collection of essays on India. Remarkable for its jargon-free clarity, the. book is intended for the common man who seeks to understand the India he lives. in. The articles offer simple analysis of complex policies, dealing with varied. and vast issues such as values in a shifting Indo-Western scenario, education. and industry in times of political changes, sustainable growth, industrialization. and social reconstruction, alternative economic order, higher education in India,. Gandhism, human values, and Indian de

El propósito de este artículo es brindar al lector una introducción al número especial de FQS sobre "Métodos para la investigación cualitativa de la gestión en el contexto del pensamiento de sistemas sociales". Durante la revisión de artículos para este volumen especial, los editores reconocieron tres líneas temáticas que parecen ser de particular importancia para la investigación cualitativa de la gestión en el contexto del pensamiento de sistemas sociales. El primero de estos temas se relaciona con la observación, esto es, lo observable en investigación de la gestión, el segundo, métodos y diseño de estudios para la aplicación en investigación empírica utilizando la teoría de sistemas, y el tercero, las implicaciones de esos estudios sobre aquello que es estudiado, por ejemplo, la gestión en las organizaciones. Las posiciones de los autores en este Volumen Especial, respecto de estos tres aspectos, se abordan y discuten en este artículo.

Social workers need to work with fathers across many service systems, but lack guidance on how to do so, and most engagement, assessment, and intervention work for family-serving systems is mother- and child-focused. Father-inclusive readings and resources are also limited. Drawing on the expertise of well-regarded research and practice experts in the field, this comprehensive book provides guidance to social work practitioners and researchers on how to engage, assess, and serve fathers. Instructors can use the text to include fathers in courses on the human behavior and social environment, family systems, clinical practice, diversity, or service systems. Social service systems, unfortunately, have often struggled to positively engage men as parents. Recent demographic trends indicate that fathers are providing more direct care to children and single-father households are one of the most rapidly growing demographic groups in the United States. Barriers to their successful engagement include biases and assumptions about men and fathers, a lack of father-friendly policies and practices in the field, limited training on how to work with fathers, and relatively limited father-inclusive social work research until recently. This book addresses these barriers. It is a guide to social workers in their efforts to better serve men as parents, and does so from an ecological and systems perspective. Multiple case examples and practical tools are provided, as well as specific content on major social service systems. Topics explored include: Father Engagement Organizational "Father Friendly" Assessments Interventions with Fathers Setting the Course for Future Theory, Research, and Practice with Fathers Social Work Practice with Fathers: Engagement, Assessment, and Intervention is a book that could be folded into foundation courses in social work or used by practitioners in the field. It is an essential text for graduate students in social work, psychology, sociology, child development, allied health, and similar disciplines and professions, and a go-to resource for helping professionals/practitioners such as social workers, psychologists, and licensed professional counselors. Advanced undergraduate students in these disciplines and professions also will find the text useful in their studies and work.

The administrative turn to urban regeneration in South Korea prompts an examination into the social aspects of sustainability for project areas. This retrospective study used social network analysis (SNA) to compass the 2015&ndash ; 2018 formation of Jangwi urban regeneration community, with average degree, centralization, and efficiency for network level and degree for individual level. The study aimed to identify the network&rsquo ; s structural characteristics in terms of relationships and social linkage. Average degree results note a rise in social exchange (2015: 0.609 ; 2018: 4.060), while the 2018 centralization value (< ; 0.5) and community efficiency indicate how such network communication is dependent on key influencers. Introduced is a visual and quantitative analysis method for community networks that may warrant urgent attention in the field of Korean urban regeneration, as it provides potential strategies for governments and administrations to accomplish sustainable and strategic goals.

The freedom theme has always been in the centre of life and philosophical and political discourse. Freedom is one of the magic words causing many positive emotions in everyday life. Certain social and philosophical studies highlight the ways of replacing traditional and, sometimes, spontaneous absolutization of human freedom at an empirical level of social consciousness. It lies in achieving desired results and being entitled to choose what to achieve. The difference between these "formulas" is obvious. In the second case, one can observe one's acceptance of certain restrictions of freedom due to social reality and understanding that it can only be fully realized through self-restraint. However, one needs to come to such conclusions on one's own. Practice shows that the categorical power of authorities in terms of citizens' duties mostly leads to opposite results. Therefore, more than ever, it is essential to develop a permanent, well-developed, multi-level humanitarian programme for working with the population based on social and philosophical studies. The state needs to build the "net" of permanent special state-owned institutions since it will improve the quality of public administration, pave the way for tolerance and successful compromises. The ultimate goal of this article is to form a conscious (rational) civic position and self-determination as a result of one's full awareness of responsibility for one's decisions.

This article explores social work practice with persons living with HIV/AIDS within the Latino community. It presents a general discussion of social work practice HIV/AIDS, followed by an exploration of culturally sensitive social work practice with Latinos. The authors then synthesize these bodies of knowledge into a discussion of HIV/AIDS in the Latino community, and social work practices that can be useful when working with this population. A case example of group work practice with Latinos living with HIV illuminates many of the themes explored throughout the paper. Finally, implications for social work practice are examined.