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International policy trends are always transformed and translated to fit the political and administrative systems in which they are introduced. An international trend of decentralization has resulted in conservation management systems in Sweden and Norway that differ, both in the choice of institutional solution and in the scope of change. This is surprising, as conservation management in the two countries was originally very similar. Nature conservation was managed through hierarchical systems dominated by bureaucratic experts. While Sweden has introduced co-management in a few protected areas only, Norway has devolved powers in all large conservation areas to intermunicipal management boards. Through document studies, we investigate how decentralization interacts with the broader systems of political actors and institutions of which nature conservation is a part. ; This is an Author's Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Hongslo, E., Hovik, S., Zachrisson, A., & Aasen Lundberg, A. K. (2015). Decentralization of Conservation Management in Norway and Sweden—Different Translations of an International Trend. Society & Natural Resources, 1-17. [copyright Taylor & Francis], available online at: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/08941920.2015.1086456.

This review essay evaluates the evolution of the Hungarian journal of social history, Korall társadalomtörténeti folyóirat (Coral: A journal of social history), founded in 1999 as a new forum of social history research. Korall promoted two distinct understandings of social history, stated only implicitly in the first years of the journal, but later elaborated more explicitely by the editors, as core definitions of their research programme. A first, narrow acceptation places social history within the field of (historical) sociology and favours structural approaches and concepts specific to the social sciences rather than the actual historical context. A second definition is wider, including a variety of topics such as environmental history, cultural history, economic, and demographic history, being meant to function as a powerful counter-discourse against positivistic, traditional and political-orientated history, still dominant in contemporary Hungarian historiography. Based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative content analysis, the review essay argues that, during its eight years of existance to date, Korall has undergone a process of internationalization. Although most articles published in the journal continue to focus on topics pertaining to the history of Hungary—especially during the "dualist period," 1867-1918—references to international events, authors, and theories have lately acquired a greater importance.

At the fourth Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe (MCPFE) in 2003, a revised set of pan-European Criteria and Indicators (C and I) were adopted as a common policy instrument for evaluating and reporting on Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) at the pan-European and national levels. To support and to improve C and I implementation, the study shows different approaches to describe and analyse C and I data potentials and data flows of international data sources - which is relevant for the improvement of pan-European monitoring, assessment and reporting on SFM. In addition, the study gives insights into the theory of C and I network correlations, pointing out and discussing new aspects relevant for the implementation of C and I as an instrument for identifying different cause-effect mechanisms and conflicts of interests within SFM. With respect to the general objective of minimising national reporting burdens, the study shows that a large number of datasets according to the pan-European C and I are already available at the international level. The study highligts the current capacities and deficits within the pan-European monitoring, assessment and reporting on SFM. By taking C and I as a baseline, different information preferences are structured according to different sources and responsible institutions, providing some general overview about different data potentials at international level. A detailed analysis of data potentials and future capacities for supplementing current monitoring towards MCPFE requirements is demonstrated for the joint monitoring programme of the ICP Forests / Forests Focus.

As the progress of globalization and internationalization, higher education has also entered into the stage of globalizing. Global student mobility, as one of the most obvious representatives of the globalization of higher education, has earned international awareness and attention as a wide spread social issue all over the world. China, as a pioneer to promote the progress of globalization, has become world's largest student exporting country. It is owning to the fact that with the fast advancement of social and economical condition in China, the rising income level of middle class families has boosted the desire for Chinese students to pursuit perceived better education overseas. However, one of the most serious unexpected outcomes caused by this trend of studying overseas is the issue of brain drain, since large number of Chinese overseas students never came back after graduation. Yet, with the fluctuation of the world economical situation, the growth of China's economical and political power is attracting more and more Chinese overseas graduates back to work. Hence, it is necessary to analyze the factors that influence Chinese students' behavior of 'going out' and 'coming back', which is also the theme of this paper. Specifically, both of the push and pull factors that caused Chinese international students' decisions of coming back home after graduation will be discussed. ; published_or_final_version ; Education ; Master ; Master of Education

Law does not have its intended effect if people do not know the law. Law should be known by the people who derive rights and obligations from it. Chaotic law, though known by the people, does not have its intended effect either. To be respected, law should at least be logical and consistent, and not prompt chicaneries. Law is what courts say the law is. Courts have to decide case by case. Their judgments express what the law is in the case submitted. The people involved and other interested people will know what the court has decided.