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Cities have become engines of economic development. Numerous cities have positively affected the living conditions of residents and visitors by using technological and innovative service delivery tools called smart city technologies and applications. These technologies and applications can be seen at government and private buildings, city facilities, information and communication technology infrastructure, and personal services. They have a net-positive impact on the environment and natural resources by reducing harmful emissions and the excessive and unnecessary use of energy, water, gas, public and private transport vehicles, and more. Cities have used these technologies and applications to brand themselves as having efficient, sustainable, and powerful economies, security, tidiness, planning of urban facilities, enhanced civic imagery, and a high quality of life. This branding, in turn, makes a city more attractive to target audiences. In this paper, smart city technologies and applications in the world's leading smart cities were examined. Thereafter, common and city-specific applications were listed. Finally, suggestions were put forward for tourism cities to realize sustainable economic development by means of tourism and become attractive destinations for existing and prospective visitors.

Cities have become engines of economic development. Numerous cities have positively affected the living conditions of residents and visitors by using technological and innovative service delivery tools called smart city technologies and applications. These technologies and applications can be seen at government and private buildings, city facilities, information and communication technology infrastructure, and personal services. They have a net-positive impact on the environment and natural resources by reducing harmful emissions and the excessive and unnecessary use of energy, water, gas, public and private transport vehicles, and more. Cities have used these technologies and applications to brand themselves as having efficient, sustainable, and powerful economies, security, tidiness, planning of urban facilities, enhanced civic imagery, and a high quality of life. This branding, in turn, makes a city more attractive to target audiences. In this paper, smart city technologies and applications in the world's leading smart cities were examined. Thereafter, common and city-specific applications were listed. Finally, suggestions were put forward for tourism cities to realize sustainable economic development by means of tourism and become attractive destinations for existing and prospective visitors.

Construction on low elevation coastal zones is risky for both residents and taxpayers who bail them out, especially when sea levels are rising. We study this construction using spatially disaggregated data on the US Atlantic and Gulf coasts. We document nine stylized facts, including a sizeable rise in the share of coastal housing built on flood-prone land from 1990-2010, which concentrated particularly in densely populated areas. To explain our findings, we develop a model of a monocentric coastal city, which we then use to explore the consequences of sea level rise and government policies.

"This is an important contribution to the new urban history, describing and analysing one of the best examples of a company town in nineteenth-century Europe. This archetypal railway town was built on a green-field site by a railway company in 1842-3. It was a major junction, an administrative centre and an important manufacturing centre. Thus it provides an ideal arena in which to study the relationship between company and people and the effects of this claustrophobic association on emerging economic and social structure and politics in the era of large-scale development and modernisation in Europe and America. Dianne Drummond applies the full range of modern urban-historical approaches in this work. It is a shining example of the ways in which new techniques in research, analysis and comparison can redraw the best-known histories. It will be essential reading for urban historians."--Provided by publisher.

Deutsche Kleinstädte sind in demographischer Hinsicht eine vielfältige Siedlungskategorie. Es gibt wachsende und schrumpfende Kleinstädte, Kleinstädte sind Quelle und Ziel von Binnen- und internationalen Wanderungen. Es gibt Städte mit einer vergleichsweise jungen Bevölkerung und Geburtenüberschüssen, aber auch stark gealterte Kleinstädte mit hohen Sterbeüberschüssen. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den Forschungsstand zur natürlichen Bevölkerungsbewegung und zu selektiven Wanderungen in kleinstädtischen Kontexten und zeigt methodische Herausforderungen und Forschungslücken auf. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist das weitgehende Fehlen einer eigenständigen demographischen Kleinstadtforschung. Wünschenswert wären zudem mehr qualitative Arbeiten, vergleichende Fallstudien sowie regelmäßige detaillierte bundesweite Analysen von Bevölkerungsentwicklung und -struktur auf der Gemeindeebene oder einer anderen kleinteiligen Betrachtungsebene (z. B. Rasterzellen).

In Future Cities: All that Matters Camilla Ween will outline the challenges of meeting the anticipated growth of world cities over the next few decades. By 2030 it is predicted that between 80-90 % of the world's population will be living in cities, in several countries this will be 100%; Singapore is already classified as having a 100% urban population. There will be many cities with populations of over 20 million. The infrastructure required to support these cities will be a massive challenge for city planners and governments. Never in the history of civilisation has the need to deliver so m

"This book explores Sustainable Development Goal 11, providing insights into viable pathways and policy designs for a transition towards sustainable, inclusive and resilient cities. The volume discusses existing scientific literature on SDG 11 and provides conceptual frameworks relating to systemic transitions, sectoral transitions and behavioural transitions for overcoming challenges related to governance and implementation. Through detailed case studies from cities and settlements, in Europe, Middle East and Asia, it showcases the dynamic processes involved in urban transformations. Drawing from these comparative analyses, the book provides robust frameworks and tools for better solutions and viable pathways to achieve SDG targets in diverse urban settings. Rich in empirical data, this book will be useful for scholars and researchers of development studies, environment studies, urban studies, urban sociology, political economy, political studies, public policy and sociology. It will also be useful for policy makers, professionals, NGOs and think tanks working in the area of sustainable development and urban planning"--

Luise Mühlbach's recollections of her Mecklenburg childhood demonstrate the productive capacity of remembering, or rather, how representation of the past can serve as a defense against the present. In reinventing the province as the reserve of the eccentric and originary, as the place where desire is expansively expressed, Mühlbach posits an alternative to the power politics of imperialist Prussia, that is, a feminized and domesticated nation more inviting to women readers and to a public in other German-speaking principalities (including Austria) who lacked Prussian sympathies. In the end quirky Mecklenburg represents not the particular, but the universal, and thus stands not on the periphery, but at the center of an imagined German nation. (LT)

AbstractIn April, 1929, the charter commission of New Rochelle, New York, reported a city manager charter which was accepted by the voter in November. This charter was the result of more than a year's study o the workings ofthe plan in both large adn small cities throughout the United States. During the drafting of the charter Dr. Bradford, who will be remembered as the author of "Commission Government in American Cities," visitd thirty cities and observed their managers and councils in action. At our request he is preparing a series of articles, of collected last year is being supplemented by current information in ordeer that his findings may be up to hte minute in every respect. The subject of next month's installment of this continued story of civic progress will be "Two New York Cities"

Jonathan Beecher Field tracks the permutations of the town hall meeting from its original context as a form of democratic community governance in New England into a format for presidential debates and a staple of corporate governance. In its contemporary iteration, the town hall meeting models the aesthetic of the former but replaces actual democratic deliberation with a spectacle that involves no immediate electoral stakes or functions as a glorified press conference. Urgently, Field notes that though this evolution might be apparent, evidence suggests many US citizens don't care to differentiate.

Most cities enjoy some autonomy over how they tax their residents, and that autonomy is typically exercised by multiple municipal governments within a given city. In this chapter, we document patterns of city-level taxation across countries, and we review the literature on a number of salient features affecting local tax setting in an urban context. Urban local governments on average raise some ten percent of total tax revenue in OECD countries and around half that share in non-OECD countries. We show that most cities are highly fragmented: urban areas with more than 500,000 inhabitants are divided into 74 local jurisdictions on average. The vast majority of these cities are characterized by a central municipality that strongly dominates the remaining jurisdictions in terms of population. These empirical regularities imply that an analysis of urban taxation needs to take account of three particular features: interdependence among tax-setting authorities (horizontally and vertically), jurisdictional size asymmetries, and the potential for agglomeration economies. We survey the relevant theoretical and empirical literatures, focusing in particular on models of asymmetric tax competition, of taxation and income sorting and of taxation in the presence of agglomeration rents.

This book offers an overview of recent scientific and professional literature on urban greening and urban ecology, focusing on diverse disciplines such as landscape architecture, geography, urban ecology, urban climatology, biodiversity conservation, urban governance, architecture and urban hydrology. It includes contributions in which academics, public policy experts and practitioners share their considerable knowledge on the multi-faceted aspects of greening cities. The book is organized in three main parts: concepts, functions and forms of urban greening. The first part examines the historical roots of greening cities and how the burgeoning field of urban ecology can contribute useful principles and strategies to guide the planning, design and management of urban greening. The second part shifts the focus to the diverse range of services - the functions - provided by urban greening, such as those related to urban climate, urban biodiversity, human health, and community building. The final part explores conventional, often neglected, but important forms of urban greenery such as urban woodlands and urban farms, as well as relatively recent forms of urban greenery like those integrated with buildings and waterways. It offers a ready reference resource for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers to grasp the critical issues and trigger further studies and applications in the quest for high-performance green cities.