Suchergebnisse

On September 17, 1939, Soviet troops crossed the Soviet-Polish frontier and, advancing rapidly, soon occupied the oft-disputed territory known at various times as Eastern Poland, Eastern Galicia, or Western Ukraine and Western Byelorussia.

During the five years that have elapsed since the close of hostilities in World War II, approximately one-half of the nations of the world have adopted new constitutions or have drastically revised existing ones. While some constitutions have been the products of a more or less regular modification, others have marked a revolutionary, though peaceful, development in conformity with Western political traditions. Some have followed the re-emergence of nations in defeat, and others have signalized the birth of new members of the family of nations. Finally, the régimes of the "People's Democracy" have established instruments of government which are revolutionary both in their origin and their content.

Recent tendencies toward the reduction of diplomatic privileges and immunities have been justified by the decreasing importance of the causes which have contributed to their establishment in their present exaggerated extent. The traditional distrust of diplomatic missions as instruments of espionage and intrigue has all but vanished, and has been supplanted by an appreciation of their functions as agencies for facilitating the pacific intercourse of states. The scrupulousness with which the diplomatic character is now respected and the growing security of the legal order in most states make possible a reduction of diplomatic prerogatives without jeopardizing the successful and independent fulfillment of the mission which it is their purpose to secure. The widest pretensions to exemption from the authority of the receiving state were advanced at precisely those times in which diplomats were in practice subjected to the greatest amount of interference and control. Doctrines of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, inspired by a reaction against contemporary conditions, have been incorporated into the customary law, which has lost its raison d'Ure to the extent that the historical factors which influenced its growth are no longer operative. The need of the envoy for independence exists today no less than formerly, but it no longer requires, as a condition of its guarantee, that complete immunity from the law and jurisdiction of the receiving state which has found a figurative expression in the fiction of exterritoriality. As a subject involving few of the political factors which have thus far proved to be insurmountable obstacles in the way of codification, the law of diplomatic privileges and immunities is eminently suited for restatement and amendment in the form of a general convention. Such a restatement, if it is not to be retrogressive, must be based upon the conception that the receiving state has rights, and the sending state duties, which are correlative to the obligations of the state of residence and the rights of the appointing state, alone emphasized in the existing law.

The first telegraph had been in operation only a short time when a code was made available to the users of the new instrument. From that time to the present, codes for use in electrical communications have appeared in ever-increasing number. Two principal objects have been sought and achieved by their use: secrecy and economy. To the business man, the second of these objects is paramount; and code-makers have constantly endeavored to express an increasing amount of information in a given number of letters.

BACKGROUND: Due to the lack of high-quality evidence which has hindered the development of evidence-based guidelines, there is a need to provide general guidance on cranioplasty (CP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach. METHODS: The international consensus meeting on post-traumatic CP was held during the International Conference on Recent Advances in Neurotraumatology (ICRAN), in Naples, Italy, in June 2018. This meeting was endorsed by the Neurotrauma Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, and several other neurotrauma organizations. Discussions and voting were organized around 5 pre-specified themes: (1) indications and technique, (2) materials, (3) timing, (4) hydrocephalus, and (5) paediatric CP. RESULTS: The participants discussed published evidence on each topic and proposed consensus statements, which were subject to ratification using anonymous real-time voting. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70% for inclusion in the final recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: This document is the first set of practical consensus-based clinical recommendations on post-traumatic CP, focusing on timing, materials, complications, and surgical procedures. Future research directions are also presented.

Due to the lack of high-quality evidence which has hindered the development of evidence-based guidelines, there is a need to provide general guidance on cranioplasty (CP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach. Methods The international consensus meeting on post-traumatic CP was held during the International Conference on Recent Advances in Neurotraumatology (ICRAN), in Naples, Italy, in June 2018. This meeting was endorsed by the Neurotrauma Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, and several other neurotrauma organizations. Discussions and voting were organized around 5 pre-specified themes: (1) indications and technique, (2) materials, (3) timing, (4) hydrocephalus, and (5) paediatric CP. Results The participants discussed published evidence on each topic and proposed consensus statements, which were subject to ratification using anonymous real-time voting. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70%for inclusion in thefinal recommendations. Conclusions This document is the first set of practical consensus-based clinical recommendations on post-traumatic CP, focusing on timing, materials, complications, and surgical procedures. Future research directions are also presented.

Intro -- Editor's Preface to the Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Geometry and Graphics -- Organization -- Program Committee -- Local Organizing Committee -- Organizing Staff -- Sponsor -- Support -- Contents -- Theoretical Graphics and Geometry -- String Constructions of Quadrics Revisited -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Confocal Central Quadrics -- 3 String Constructions of Central Quadrics -- 4 Paraboloids -- References -- Space Kinematics and Projective Differential Geometry over the Ring of Dual Numbers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 Projective Geometry over Dual Numbers -- 2.2 Space Kinematics -- 2.3 Straight Lines -- 3 Osculating Lines -- 4 Osculating Conics -- 4.1 Bennett Motions -- 4.2 Motions Based on Osculating Circles of Elliptic Geometry -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Examples of Isoptic Ruled Surfaces -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Results, Elementary Surfaces -- 3 Helical and Spiral Developables -- 3.1 Helical Developables -- 3.2 Spiral Developables -- 4 Algebraic Isoptic Ruled Surfaces -- 4.1 Some Special Polynomial Curves -- 5 Conclusion, Future Work -- References -- A One-Parameter Family of Triangle Cubics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Prerequsites -- 3 Some Properties of the Cubics -- 4 Cubics Determined by Triangle Centers -- 5 How to Find Triangle Centers on Such Curves? -- 6 Future Work -- References -- Vermeer's Specific Ratio -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Analysis of "Milk Maid" -- 2.1 "Milk Maid" Plan View and Projection Drawing -- 2.2 "Milk Maid" Scene and View Angle -- 2.3 "Milk Maid" Canvas Angles and Depicted Models -- 3 Camera Obscura and Frame Composition -- 3.1 Light Form and Floor Depiction -- 3.2 Appearance of the Floor -- 3.3 Definition of Euclid -- 4 Considerations -- 5 Conclusions -- References.

What is feminist peace? -- Feminist critical methodology, peace and social change -- Evidence of things unseen: WILPF and disarmament -- What is violence? WILPF and decolonization -- Orientalism and peace: WILPF in the Middle East -- Conclusion: feminist ways to peace.