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"For several decades, wealthy states, international development agencies, and multinational corporations have encouraged labour migration from the Global South to the Global North. As well as providing essential workers to support the transformation of advanced economies, the remittances migrants send home have been touted as the most promising means of national development for poor and undeveloped countries. As Immanuel Ness argues in this sharp corrective to conventional wisdom, temporary labour migration represents the most recent form of economic imperialism and global domination. A closer look at the economic and social evidence demonstrates that remittances deepen economic exploitation, unravel societal stability, and significantly expand economic inequality between poor and rich societies. The book exposes the damaging political, economic, and social effects of migration on origin countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, and how border and security mechanisms control and marginalize low-wage migrant workers, especially women and youth. Ness asserts that remittances do not bring growth to poor countries but extend national dependence on the export of migrant workers, leading to warped and unequal development on the global periphery. This expert take will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of migration and development across the social sciences."

Noting legal deficiencies in current conventions prohibiting biological & chemical weapons, a call is made for a new treaty that defines specific acts involving such weapons as international crimes & obliges states parties to establish jurisdiction over offenders who are on their territory regardless of nationality or where the crime was committed. The efforts of the Harvard Sussex Program on CBW Armament & Arms Limitation toward this end are described. The proposal is currently under consideration by a number of European governments; how it might be implemented is considered. The text of the draft convention is appended. J. Zendejas

AbstractThe sub-field of International Communication within International Relations is insufficiently cognisant of the social foundations of communication. Through a selective interpretation of three prominent interwar thinkers' works, it will be argued that International Communication is a largely social, even ideological, field. The advantage of reading interwar international theory lies in their eclectic appreciation of the power of public opinion and leadership without undue fixation with realist and idealist labels. By reading Edward Carr, Norman Angell and Walter Lippmann, one can tease out the following three themes for organising the study of International Communication: human nature assumptions; opinion as power; and leadership in foreign policy in terms of public education.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Author -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Regional Organizations and Normative Arguing -- Organization of the Book -- References -- Chapter 2 The Politics of Normative Arguing in Regional Organizations -- Regionalism and International Society -- Regional Primary and Secondary Institutions: A Framework -- Organizational Stability and Change -- Theoretical Benefits -- Analytical Approach and Methods -- References -- Chapter 3 Decolonization: Setting the Stage for Regionalism -- The Institutions of the Colonial International Society -- Dismantling Imperialism -- The Second World War and its Impact on Feedback Effects -- Normative Arguing and Asian Decolonization -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Founding Years: Building Regional Organizations in Postcolonial Spaces -- The EEC's Association Framework and the Imperial Question, c. 1945-1963 -- The Empires Strike Back -- African Decolonization and the Emergence of Developmentalism -- ASEAN and the Issue of Nonalignment, c. 1945-1967 -- New Discursive Arenas, Nonintervention and Anti-hegemonism -- Building ASEAN -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 5 Legal Integration: Regionalizing Judicial Authority -- The Constitutionalization of EC Law and European Citizenship, c. 1961-1992 -- The Institution of Democracy and the Constitutionalization of Community Law -- Toward European Citizenship -- The ASEAN Charter and Dispute Settlement, c. 1976-2007 -- Building Momentum for Legal Integration -- The Charter-An ASEAN Constitution? -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6 Enlargement: Redefining Regional Boundaries -- EU Enlargement and the European Neighbourhood Policy, c. 1961-2007 -- The Greek and Spanish Applications and the End of the Cold War as Exogenous Shocks -- Toward Copenhagen: Debating Membership Institutions -- Dealing with a New Neighborhood.

Introduction: a comparative perspective / Carola Sachse and Mark Walker -- Purges in comparative perspective: rules for exclusion and inclusion in the scientific community under political pressure / Richard Bailer, Alexei Kojevnikov, and Jessica Wang -- National states and international science: a comparative history of international science congresses in Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russial, and Cold War United States / Ronald E. Doel, Dieter Hoffmann, and Nikolai Krementsov -- Laying the foundation for wartime research: a comparative overview of science mobilization in National Socialist Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union / Walter E. Grunden, Yutaka Kawamura, Eduard Kolchinsky, Helmut Maier, and Masakatsu Yamazaki -- Wartime nuclear weapons research in Germany and Japan / Walter E. Grunden, Mark Walker, and Masakatsu Yamazaki -- Aerodynamics and mathematics in National Socialist Germany and fascist Italy: a comparison of research institutes / Moritz Epple, Andreas Karachalios, and Volker R. Remmert -- Plant breeding on the front: imperialism, war, and exploitation / Olga Elina, Susanne Heim, and Nils Roll-Hansen -- Molding national research systems: the introduction of penicillin to Germany and France / Jean Paul Gaudilliere and Bernd Gausemeier -- Pathways to human experimentation, 1933-1945: Germany, Japan, and the United States / Gerhard Baader, Susan E. Lederer, Morris Low, Florian Schmaltz, and Alexander V. Schwerin -- Human heredity and politics: a comparative international study of the Eugenics Record Office at Cold Spring Harbor (United States), the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics (Germany), and the Maxim Gorky Medical Genetics Institute (USSR) / Mark B. Adams, Garland E. Allen, and Sheila Faith Weiss -- Psychiatric genetics in Munich and Basel between 1925 and 1945: programs -- practices -- comparative arrangements / Hans Jacob Ritter and Volker Roelke.

This report presents the findings of the Tanzania election observation mission carried out by the International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES), Washington, D.C. The elections include the October 22 local, House of Representatives and Presidential elections in Zanzibar, and the October 29 Union Presidential and Parliamentary elections (continued on November 19 in Dar es Salaam). IFES began its observation efforts with the arrival of a staff member in Dar es Salaam in late August. The delegation totaled 25 observers for the October 29 elections; smaller numbers observed the October 22 elections in Zanzibar and the November 19 elections in Dar es Salaam. The observation mission ended with the departure of the remaining member of the delegation from Tanzania on November 23, the day after the announcement of final results of the Union elections. (DÜI-Hff)

AbstractIn January 2017, the UK Supreme Court handed down landmark judgments in three cases arising out of the UK government's conduct abroad. In Serdar Mohammed v Ministry of Defence, the Court considered whether detention in non-international armed conflicts was compatible with the right of liberty in Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights. The second case, Belhaj v Straw, involved an examination of the nature and scope of the foreign act of State doctrine, and its applicability as a defence to tort claims arising out of the alleged complicity of the UK Government in human rights abuses abroad. Finally, Rahmatullah v Ministry of Defence saw the Court examining the nature and scope of the Crown act of State doctrine, and its use as a defence to tort claims alleging unlawful detention and maltreatment. All three cases raise important doctrinal issues and have significant consequences for government accountability and access to a judicial remedy. At the heart of each decision is the relationship between international law and English law, including the ways in which international norms influence the development of English law and public policy, and how different interpretations of domestic law affect how judges resolve questions of international law. These cases also see the judges grapple with the role of the English court in the UK constitutional and international legal orders.