Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Risk governance, sustainability and safety-by-design have high attention in current research projects and policy. In the EU H2020 Gov4Nano project, we refined the EU H2020 caLIBRAte phase-gate nano-risk innovation governance framework, its guidance and expanded the list of supporting risk governance tools. Stakeholder wishes were mapped from previous projects and consultations made within Gov4Nano and across the two other EU H2020 NMBP-13 governance projects (NANORIGO and RiskGone) and considered in the refinement. The revised framework considers three pre-defined phase-gate models for minor (fast-track/low risk), intermediate (medium risk) and novel (high-risk) developments. The guidance was further elaborated to direct users though sustainability and safety-by-design considerations and risk mitigation actions. ISO21505 was used as the backbone for the risk governance framework. The approach allows design of the specific nano-risk governance project and information requirements for decision-making. The list of recommended nano-risk governance tools was expanded and selected considering their reliability and performance. An important step in this process was an evaluation of tools made under the umbrella of the OECD (ENV/CBC/MONO(2021)23; ENV/CBC/MONO(2021)27/REV; ENV/CBC/MONO(2021)28; ENV/CBC/MONO(2021)29/REV) and development of a new tool assessment framework called TRAAC (Transparency, Reliability, Accessibility, Applicability and Reliability). Limitations in application domains remains an issue for future developments. The approach and tools are made accessible via a nano-risk governance portal produced by the three NMBP-13 projects (http://nanoriskgov.eu/).
Funding: European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement 814401.

Perhaps the most striking aspect of the current phase of globalization is the increased importance of foreign direct investment (FDI). This is not only true at the global level but also at the regional level. It is clear that the process of economic integration in the European Union has boosted FDI for the EU countries. In the field of international economics, the modeling of FDI has been high on the research agenda in recent years and clear progress has been made in understanding the determinants and effects of FDI (see for instance Barba-Navaretti and Venables (2004) for an overview). The new theoretical insights are, however, not always in line with the facts. One important puzzle in this respect is precisely the fact that economic integration or, in modeling terms, a fall in trade costs has been accompanied by an increase in FDI. From the data we know that so-called horizontal FDI, that is FDI undertaken for market size considerations, is the dominant form of FDI, but theory tells us that a fall in trade costs should go along with a decrease in horizontal FDI. Lower trade costs, ceteris paribus, make it more profitable for firms to serve foreign markets via exports instead of setting up their own production in these markets.

Before the rise of DNA sequence analysis or the controversies over the Human Genome Diversity Project, there was the International Biological Program, which ran from 1964 to 1974. The Human Adaptability arm of the International Biological Program featured a complex encounter between human geneticists and biological anthropologists. These scientists were especially interested in what could be learned from the bodies of people they referred to as both primitive and in danger of going extinct. In this article, I address how new access to technologies of cold storage, which would allow blood to be transported from the field to the lab and be stored for subsequent reanalysis, gave shape to this episode in Cold War human biology and has ramified into our genomic age. This case study highlights the importance of cryopreservation to projects of genetic salvage as well as to the life sciences, more generally. I argue that 'latency', a technical term initially used by cryobiologists to describe life in a state of suspended animation, can be extended as a concept for science studies scholars interested in technoscientific efforts to manage the future.

ANSES and EFSA are hosting an International Scientific Conference Day devoted to bee health and to the contribution of risk assessment research to the field. This is the 8th scientific event of this kind to be held on the topic of bee health and it will be co-hosted for the first time with the European Food Safety Authority. Approximately 300 people will attend the event and it will be an opportunity to highlight the synergy that we have fostered over time and the common vision that we share regarding the preservation of bee health and that of other pollinating insects. The purpose of this conference, which is open to a broad audience including bee keepers, research scientists, public decision-makers, private enterprises, and professional and media representatives, is to review the constructive proposals of both of our entities on the assessment of plant protection products and their impact on the health of bees and other pollinating insects. This event will also be devoted to presenting the research results of our Sophia Antipolis laboratory, with is also the European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for bee health, and the recent development at EFSA on holistic risk assessments of bee health including modelling and stakeholders' engagement. A large part of the day will be given over to debate and discussion with the scientists from both ANSES and EFSA as well as with French and European stakeholders. The round-table at day's end will be on the following topic: "Towards sustainable bee-keeping and agriculture: the need for alternative treatment methods and closer collaboration between bee-keepers and farmers". It will be an opportunity for a wide range of players to present the worthy initiatives they have implemented at the regional level to improve the quality of the environment and preserve bee health. The event will be held at the Maison de la RATP (12th arrondissement of Paris). As the number of attendees is limited, we advise you to sign up as soon as possible to be sure you will be able to share this day of information and discussion with us. Registration is closed but remains possible on the day of the event with our hostesses depending on the number of places available.

The article discusses the neoclassical realism theory in international relations and is an attempt of the author to present all of its main features as well as differences to other two realism theories (classical realism and neorealism). The two subgroups of this theory - offensive and defensive neoclassical realism - are also examined trough the works of Randall Schweller and Jack Snyder respectively. . ; Tekst se bavi teorijom neoklasičnog realizma u međunarodnim odnosima i predstavlja pokušaj autora da prikaže njegove glavne odlike, kao i razlike i odnosu na druge dve grane realističke teorije - klasični realizam i neorealizam. Takođe, u tekstu se govori i o dve glavne podgrupe ove teorije koje su prikazane kroz analizu radova njihovih glavnih predstavnika (Randala Švelera u slučaju ofanzivnog i Džeka Snajdera u slučaju defanzivnog neoklasičnog realizma). .