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Today the images of Robert Burns and Abraham Lincoln are recognized worldwide, yet few are aware of the connection between the two. In Abraham Lincoln and Robert Burns: Connected Lives and Legends, author Ferenc Morton Szasz reveals how famed Scots poet Robert Burns-and Scotland in general-influenced the life and thought of one of the most beloved and important U.S. presidents and how the legends of the two men became intertwined after their deaths. This is the first extensive work to link the influence, philosophy, and artistry of these two larger-than-life figures.>

A revised version of SA 40:6/92S26483/ASA/1992/7598. 3 Tables, 24 References.

"This book provides a unique insight into the ethical issues and dilemmas facing practitioners and researchers of terrorism and counterterrorism. Ethics play a central if, largely, unrecognised role in most, if not all, issues relevant to terrorism and political violence. These are often most noticeable regarding counterterrorism controversies, while often virtually absent from discussions about academic research practice. At a minimum, ethical issues as they relate to terrorism have rarely been explicitly addressed in a direct or comprehensive manner. The chapters in this edited volume draws on the experience of both practitioners and researchers to explore how a regard to ethical issues might influence and determine research and practice in counter terrorism, and in our understanding of terrorism. Ethics and Terrorism recognizes that there are conflicting and often irreconcilable perspectives from which to view terrorism and terrorism research. In calling for greater attention to these issues, the goal is not to resolve problems, but to explore and clarify the assumptions and dilemmas that underpin our understanding of the personal, institutional and societal ethical boundaries and constraints around terrorism and responses to it. This book will be of value to practitioners and researchers, and to policy makers and the broader interested community. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal Terrorism and Political Violence."--Publisher

Exploring Travel and Tourism: Essays on Journeys and Destinations offers a broad treatment of topics in global travel/tourism studies through articles presented at Travel and Tourism panels at Mid-Atlantic Popular/American Culture Association conferences between 2007 and 2010. Through archival research, close readings and case studies, the authors examine the significance of travel and the tourist experience over the last two hundred years, from Borneo to Cuba to Niagara Falls, and places in

These essays by leading theorists and researchers in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology honour the memory of Sylvia Scribner, whose work is recognized by each of the authors as seminal to their own thinking. The themes include the relationship between history and culture, the importance of context to thinking, the place of literacy in human activity and thought, and cognition in school and in the workplace. The volume presents applications of activity theory to fundamental issues in human behaviour at work, in school, and in problem solving situations, and it analyses historical-societal processes in science and culture. Scribner's conviction that science holds a responsibility to human welfare and understanding is carried on in these chapters. Sociocultural Psychology is crucial reading for researchers and graduate students in sociocultural, cognitive, developmental and educational psychology

This term paper seeks to analyse the use of rape as a war crime and its status in international law today almost ten years after the wars in Yugoslavia and Rwanda. It also looks at the role of the United Nations(UN) and the special responsibility of peace workers. The paper tries to sort out which challenges the international community still has to cope with. My thesis is that with the policy of the International Criminal Tribunals ICTY and ICTR2 and the new Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) important improvements concerning the real acknowledgement of rape as a war crime have evolved. But on the other side, I also want to argue, that to identify the strategic or systematic use of rape for political reasons as the sole or even major cause for the abuse of women during wartime is simplistic and risks to suppress that women during wartime very often are raped or sexually abused not only by "their ethnic, national or religious enemies", but also by men of their "own side" or even by UN soldiers or aid workers whose original task is to help and protect them.

BACKGROUND: Very little is known about the burden and determinants of stillbirths in China. We used data from a national surveillance system for health facility births to compute a stillbirth rate representative of all facility births in China and to explore sociodemographic and obstetric factors associated with variation in the stillbirth rate. METHODS: We used data from China's National Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System between Jan 1, 2012, and Dec 31, 2014, which covers 441 hospitals in 326 urban districts and rural counties. The surveillance aimed to enumerate all maternal deaths and near misses in health facilities, and collected data prospectively for all pregnant or post-partum women admitted to the obstetric department. We restricted the analysis to births of 28 or more completed weeks of gestation or 1000 g or heavier birthweight. We examined the strength of association between sociodemographic characteristics, gestational age, and obstetric complications and stillbirths using logistic regression, taking account of the sampling strategy and clustering of births within hospitals and in cases of more than one birth per woman. FINDINGS: There were 3 956 836 births and 37 855 stillbirths, giving a stillbirth rate of 8·8 per 1000 births (95% CI 8·8-8·9). The stillbirth rate was particularly high for women younger than 15 years of age (59·9 stillbirths per 1000 births), those who had not sought antenatal care (38·3 per 1000), the unmarried (32·5 per 1000), those with no education (26·9 per 1000), or those who had had four or more births (23·2 per 1000). A high proportion (29 319 [78·2%] of 37 514) of stillbirths occurred at gestational ages of younger than 37 weeks, and about two thirds (24 787 [66·1%] of 37 514) were in women without any maternal complication at the time of birth. Of babies born at normal gestations (37-41 weeks), maternal complications substantially increased the risk of stillbirth (odds ratio comparing antepartum or intrapartum complications with no complication 3·96 [95% CI 3·66-4·29]), but only a small proportion (1638 [4·4%] of 37 514) of stillbirths fell into this group. INTERPRETATION: Our analysis of nearly 4 million births in 441 health facilities in China suggests a stillbirth rate of 8·8 per 1000 births between 2012 and 2014. Stillbirths do not feature in the Chinese Government's 5 year plans and most information systems do not include stillbirths. The Government need to start paying attention to stillbirths and invest strategically in antenatal care, particularly for the most disadvantaged women, including the very young, unmarried, and illiterate, and those at high parity. FUNDING: National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China, China Medical Board, WHO, and UNICEF.

"In the glorious, boozy party after the First World War, a new being burst defiantly onto the world stage: the 'flapper'. Young, impetuous and flirtatious, she was an alluring, controversial figure, celebrated in movies, fiction, plays, and the pages of fashion magazines. But, as this book argues, she didn't appear out of nowhere. This spirited history gives us a fresh look at the reality of young women's experiences in America and Britain from the 1890s to the 1920s, when the 'modern' girl emerged. Lost Girls is a story of youth derided and fetishized; of ageing viscerally feared. It is a story of a culture beset by anxiety about adolescent girls. And it is a story of young women trying to shape their own identity amidst contradictory theories of adolescence and sexuality, the politics of suffrage, and popular fiction, theatre, cinema and dance hall crazes. Linda Simon shows us how the modern girl bravely created a culture, a look, and a future of her own. Lost Girls is an illuminating history of the iconic flapper as she evolved from a problem to a temptation, and finally, in the 1920s and beyond, to an aspiration."--

Non-Governmental Organizations have become an integral part of the United Nations. As a result of their growing recognition as influential actors in global affairs, the UN sought to strengthen its relationship with NGOs and created diverse ways of bringing them into its system. This book explores how NGOs responded to this increase in opportunities for participation with the UN. The case studies include some of the most renowned players on the international scene, such as Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the International League for Human Rights, CARE International, the International Save the Children Alliance, and Oxfam International. This study reveals how NGOs have changed their interaction with the UN since the mid-1990s. It presents their adjusted patterns of interaction with the UN and explores how differences between NGOs can be explained. It looks at their representation to the UN, consultative status and characteristic features of NGOs.

This dissertation explores how transnational marriage migration processes are viewed and interpreted by foreign spouses from economically weak countries who are currently residing in Germany. It identifies and examines possible risks that migration through the family reunification route could pose for women. By adopting an ethnographic approach, the current study extends previous research on "mail-order" brides by integrating and thoroughly analyzing interrelated criminological aspects pertaining to the topic of transnational marriages such as the victimization risks, interpersonal violence, fraudulent techniques in bi-national marriages and state surveillance, victim-offender overlap, and child custody litigations. Theoretically, the current study engages in debates on gender with feminist scholars and argues against the exploitation discourse frequently applied to women from developing countries who marry men from Western highly industrialized democracies. Instead, this study suggests viewing the issue of transnational marriages through the prism of Bourdieusian theory of capitals and empowering "erotic capital". Methodologically, this dissertation shows how non-profit organizations could be used in research as gatekeepers and as a source of background information. The findings challenge the conventional notion of female marriage migrants as submissive dependents, suggesting a more nuanced approach based on the informants' diverse backgrounds, qualifications, endeavors, and their manifold desires.