Suchergebnisse

International audience ; On the European Union scale, international traffic is growing faster than intra-national traffic. This phenomenon is often viewed as a consequence of the abatement of the frontier effect. In this article the frontier effect is analyzed, on the basis of data available for road traffic between France and its neighbors and of freight transport data available at the EU level. The concept is discussed in the light of this empirical analysis. The shortcomings of the static approach lead to a critical revaluation by means of a longitudinal approach. In the conclusion some potential directions for future research are discussed.

International audience ; On the European Union scale, international traffic is growing faster than intra-national traffic. This phenomenon is often viewed as a consequence of the abatement of the frontier effect. In this article the frontier effect is analyzed, on the basis of data available for road traffic between France and its neighbors and of freight transport data available at the EU level. The concept is discussed in the light of this empirical analysis. The shortcomings of the static approach lead to a critical revaluation by means of a longitudinal approach. In the conclusion some potential directions for future research are discussed.

International audience ; On the European Union scale, international traffic is growing faster than intra-national traffic. This phenomenon is often viewed as a consequence of the abatement of the frontier effect. In this article the frontier effect is analyzed, on the basis of data available for road traffic between France and its neighbors and of freight transport data available at the EU level. The concept is discussed in the light of this empirical analysis. The shortcomings of the static approach lead to a critical revaluation by means of a longitudinal approach. In the conclusion some potential directions for future research are discussed.

Dear colleagues and friends,It is truly a pleasure to invite you to actively participate in the upcoming meeting, The 3rd Live Surgery Workshop International Society of Reconstructive Urology (ISORU), 2nd International Live Surgery Workshop Indonesia Genitourinary Reconstructive Society (InaGURS), in conjunction with 12th Malang Continuing Urology Education (MCUE), which will be held on September 5th-7th, 2019, in Bali Nusa Dua Convention Center (BNDCC), Bali, Indonesia.The theme chosen is Reconstructive Urology.These three important meetings that held in conjunctionally will provide a wonderful forum for you to refresh your knowledge and explore new techniques and innovation in urology field from well-known experts. The symposia will be held on the first day and on the 2nd and 3rd day, they are going to be the highlight of live surgeries on various cases of reconstructive urology.Additionally, we would like to also invite you to submit your recent achievement in scientific writing in various field of Urology. The scientific committee will prepare the prestigious oral presentation and poster presentation awards.The island of the gods, Bali, awaits you!Undisputable world well-known meeting destination is easily reach with direct flights from most major cities in the world. Since March 2016 Indonesian government has granted 169 countries for FREE Visitor Visa. Please check the list of countries and further details in visa section at the congress website www.mcue.orgPlease make sure you have blocked this important dates and visit the congress website for further program update.See you soon in Bali…… Paksi SatyagrahaCongress Chairman

AbstractWhy are some politicians guided by a sense of obligation toward international law but others are not? Why do some politicians have a social as opposed to an egoistic preference over compliance with international legal rules? Existing approaches largely assume that the structural features of the compliance environment shape preferences. As a result, they neglect the heterogeneity across decision makers' subjective beliefs in the legitimacy of international law, which is critical for explaining who exhibits a sense of obligation and has a non-egoistic preference for compliance. Drawing upon a large body of psychological research on social identity and influence, I argue that obligation toward international law has a behavioral foundation shaped by cosmopolitan social identity. Using data from an original survey of German politicians that includes two compliance experiments, I show that politicians with a high degree of cosmopolitanism are driven by a sense of legal obligation that results in a social preference for compliance while those low on cosmopolitanism lack the same sense of normative respect. Replicated in a second experimental study conducted with a convenience sample, my results indicate that strategic rationality in compliance applies, but only to a particular set of actors. By illuminating the psychological underpinnings of obligation toward international law, this study contributes to a richer understanding of compliance preferences and builds a bridge between instrumental and normative models.

Since the global food crisis of 2008, Senegalese migrant associations have become involved in the agricultural development of their localities of origin. Through their projects they have created a transnational dynamic characterized by the circulation of goods, innovations, and skills between the host and the origin areas. This book analyses a series of associative projects initiated by Senegalese migrants in three European countries, France, Switzerland, and Italy. These countries differ in terms of policies aimed at supporting and recognizing migrant and diaspora associations in their role as actors of development cooperation. Significantly, the comparison gives insight into whether factors specific to each host context have an impact on the associative dynamics and on the characteristics of the projects in terms of sustainable agricultural development. Such an analysis is also useful for other host and home countries. The core findings aim to enrich the current debate on the links between migration and development, which is taking place from the global to the local level among researchers, international organizations, state actors, NGOs, as well as migrant and diaspora associations.

This book explores and traces the progressive activism and radical ideas of several elite women in Italy beginning in the early 20th century. It discusses the shared political culture that shaped the thinking and the activity of these women, mainly oriented towards political philanthropy and work, seen as the cornerstone of a comprehensive redefinition of gender relations. It also discusses the connections linking them to an international network of women involved in similar political actions and economic initiatives addressing women's' interests, as well as their legacy for the next generations.With essays from a range of scholars, this book provides an interdisciplinary framework for understanding these activists and deals with methodological and historiographical issues in reconstructing women's contribution to history. Elena Laurenzi is Professor of the History of Political Thought in the Department of History, University of Salento (Lecce, Italy) and Visiting Professor at the University of Barcelona (UB, Spain). Manuela Mosca is Full Professor of the History of Economic Thought in the Department of Economics, University of Salento (Lecce, Italy) and Visiting Professor at the University of Bologna (Italy).

Human history is replete with examples of widespread and gross violations of human rights, which continue to be perpetrated in the present day. Sadly, however, only a tiny fraction of the millions of people whose lives have been shattered by torture, rape, the murder of loved ones, or other forms of gross abuse, may hope to receive any meaningful form of reparation. The aim of this book is to stimulate debate on the issue of reparations, in the hope that it will lead to increased visibility for the many deserving groups striving for some form of meaningful recognition or recompense for past injustices visited upon them. The book is eclectic in nature, being made up of contributions by a range of outstanding academics and practitioners from around the world. The international nature and diverse focus of the work result in a fascinating snapshot of this growing field. It will be of interest both to academics and practitioners who are specialists in the field of reparations, as well as to almost anyone who is interested in the field of human rights generally.

ABSTRACT
Since the 1990s, there has been consensus in the literature of a submission and publication gap that favors men. Important research in the intervening years has explored the many reasons for this output gap: imbalanced administrative workloads; bias in top journals against female-dominated subfields and methodological approaches; and lower confidence levels among women, sometimes known as the "Matthew effect." However, in the intervening period, there has been a notable emphasis on recruiting more women into academia, and the importance of publishing for career development has intensified. Journal case studies have highlighted a growth in output by women academics but show that men are still overrepresented. Using a case study of the International Political Science Review (IPSR), we contribute to the emerging body of work that shows that the gender gap has diminished or even been eliminated. We present data on submissions and acceptances by gender, and we base our comparisons in the gender balance of the departments of submitting authors. The results are clear, for IPSR, the gender gap has closed and women now publish on a par with their men colleagues in their department.