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3rd International Symposium on the Protection of Refugees in Central Europe: 23 - 25 April 1997, Budapest; [report and proceedings]
In: European series 3.1997,2
Legal aspects of the conservation of wetlands: papers presented at an international conference held in Lyon, 23-26 September 1987
In: IUCN environmental policy and law paper 25
The Intellectual Perils of Broad Human Security: Deepening the Critique of International Relations
In: Politics, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 124-127
ISSN: 1467-9256
Pauline Ewan discussed, in a recent issue of Politics, how the human security debate is stymied by conceptual and definitional weaknesses, and how it is politicised in conventional security studies. In response, this article takes a different approach and develops from the critical security literature a working conceptualisation and definition of broad human in security. It proposes as one example of objectively identifiable and measurable dimension of human insecurity the largely preventable high rates of under five mortality (U5M) and demonstrates its origins in the socially constructed international system. In this way, it responds to Ewan's remarks concerning the need to debate subjectivity and historical (and contemporary) political determinism in order to circumvent the unending 'circuitous debates' that stymie the development of human security.
Security expertise and international hierarchy: the case of 'The Asia-Pacific Epistemic Community'
In: Review of international studies: RIS, Band 43, Heft 3, S. 494-515
ISSN: 1469-9044
Many states partially relinquish sovereignty in return for physical protection from a more powerful state. Mainstream theory on international hierarchies holds that such decisions are based on rational assessments of the relative qualities of the political order being offered. Such assessments, however, are bound to be contingent, and as such a reflection of the power to shape understandings of reality. Through a study of the remarkably persistent US-led security hierarchy in East Asia, this article puts forward the concept of the 'epistemic community' as a general explanation of how such understandings are shaped and, hence, why states accept subordinate positions in international hierarchies. The article conceptualises a transnational and multidisciplinary network of experts on international security – 'The Asia-Pacific Epistemic Community' – and demonstrates how it operates to convince East Asian policymakers that the current US-led social order is the best choice for maintaining regional 'stability'.
World Affairs Online
Liability In Solidum in the Law of International Responsibility: A Comment on Guiding Principle 7
In: European journal of international law, Band 31, Heft 4, S. 1249-1261
ISSN: 1464-3596
Abstract
The Guiding Principles on Shared Responsibility in International Law seek to address an issue hitherto unresolved in the law of international responsibility: if two or more states or organizations together cause a single harm to a victim, what are the consequences for suit and reparation? Commentators generally counsel against the use of domestic concepts such as 'solidary liability' or 'joint and several liability' in international law. This comment highlights the role of domestic analogies in the formulation of the Guiding Principles, focusing on two elements: the application of liability in solidum as the key consequence of multiple responsibility (Principle 10), and 'concerted action' (Principle 7) as a condition for multiple responsibility. Both of these concepts can be found in many domestic legal systems, but the Principles place differential weight on domestic analogies in the elaboration of Principles 10 and 7: Principle 10 draws useful analogies with the rationale behind liability in solidum in domestic law, while Principle 7 on concerted action does not rely on related domestic concepts. That is likely for good reason. However, responsibility based on concerted action is a novel basis for responsibility in international law, and therefore its justification is all the more important. The justification provided for Principle 7 is not fully convincing, and its scope of application is uncertain. I query whether the exploration of cognate concepts in domestic legal systems may have helped to justify the rationale for, or the scope of, responsibility based on concerted action.
Gender, conflict and international humanitarian law: a critique of the 'principle of distinction'
In: Routledge studies in humanitarian action
"This book conducts a gendered critique of the 'principle of distinction' in international humanitarian law (IHL), with a focus on recent conflicts in Africa. The 'principle of distinction' is core to IHL, and regulates who can and cannot be targeted in armed conflict. It states that civilians may not be targeted in attack, while combatants and those civilians directly participating in hostilities can be. The law defines what it means to be a combatant and a civilian, and sets out what behaviour constitutes direct participation. Close examination of the origins of the principle reveals that IHL was based on a gendered view of conflict, which envisages men as fighters and women as victims of war. Problematically, this view often does not accord with the reality in 'new wars' today in which women are playing increasingly active roles, often forming the backbone of fighting groups, and performing functions on which armed groups are highly reliant. Using women's participation in 'new wars' in Africa as a study, this volume critically examines the principle through a gendered lens, questioning the extent to which the principle serves to protect women in modern conflicts and how it fails them. By doing so, it questions whether the principle of distinction is suitable to effectively regulate the conduct of hostilities in new wars. This book will be of much interest to students of international law, gender studies, African politics, war and conflict studies, and international relations"--
World Affairs Online
The international politics of agricultural trade: Canadian-American relations in a global agricultural context
In: Canada and international relations 3
Le règlement des différends au sein de l'OMC et le droit de la responsabilité internationale
In: Bibliothèque de droit international et communautaire 121
International business and emerging economy firms, volume 2, European and African perspectives
In: Palgrave studies of internationalization in emerging markets
Rethinking the Regulation of Private Military and Security Companies Under International Humanitarian Law
In: Fordham International Law Journal, Forthcoming
SSRN
Religion and its Importance in International Politics: A Case Study of 2008 Russian-Georgian War
In: Caucasian Review of International Affairs, Band 4, Heft 3, S. 237-247
Southern African hegemony
In: UFSI Reports
P. 1: South Africa tightens the noose. - 9 S. - (UFSI Reports; 1984/No. 24) ; (Africa; JGL-3-'84); P. 2: The impact of the Nkomati Accord. - 6 S. - (UFSI Reports; 1984/No. 25) ; (Africa; JGL-4-'84)
World Affairs Online
Myanmar (Burma): Nationalism and International Ideology Trumps Emic Norms of Interaction and Governance
In: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Review, Band 1(1), Heft 20-24
SSRN