Suchergebnisse

1. On Health Production and Demand. And why an effective Health Industry is vital for China (and the rest of the world) -- 2. The rise of China as a global player in the healthcare industry -- 3. Government planning and policy for health industry -- 4. The globalization of the industry: Chinese inward and outward FDIs -- 5. Innovation and research excellence: China in the International scientific scenario -- 6. Challenges for the future and the role of Industrial Policy.

The Maltese archipelago consists of a group of five islands situated approximately sixty miles from Sicily and one hundred and twenty miles from the North African shore. Malta, the largest island, has an area of about ninety-five square miles and its sister island, Gozo, an area of about twenty-six square miles. The remaining three islands are barren and uninhabited. Over the past decade, the population has remained stable at about 325,000 with over 90% living in Malta and the other 10% residing in Gozo. Malta has been conquered by a succession of peoples including the Romans and the Arabs. This has resulted in a culture which portrays vividly the different racial influences. However, when Malta became a British colony in 1814, a process of anglocization was initiated which has had lasting effects on Maltese social and political life despite the achievement of independence in 1964. Malta became a Republic a decade later. The majority of Maltese can trace their cultural roots to other countries, the main ones being Italy and Britain and at the beginning of the century loyalties were often divided between Malta and one or the other of these countries. With the formal creation of a Maltese language, Maltese nationalism began to develop, blurring the old loyalties and creating allegiance to the notion of a Maltese State. Religion is a further unifying force as 95% of the population are of Roman Catholic faith. ; N/A

After more than a decade of experience and research on financing arrangements in post conflict countries and fragile states, a consensus has emerged on at least one matter. The core objective is to build effective and legitimate governance structures that secure public confidence through provision of personal security, equal justice and the rule of law, economic well-being, and essential social services including education and health. These governance structures are necessary to ensure that countries do not turn, or turn back, to violence as a means of negotiating state-societal relations. This paper discusses a number of the weaknesses in current financing arrangements for post conflict countries and fragile states, with a focus on Official Development Assistance (ODA). We argue that tensions persist between business-as-usual development policies on the one hand and policies responsive to the demands of peace building on the other. The preferential allocation of aid to 'good performers,' in the name of maximizing its payoff in terms of economic growth, militates against aid to fragile and conflict-affected states. If the aim of aid is redefined to include durable peace, the conventional performance criteria for aid allocation lose much of their force. Compelling arguments can be made for assistance to 'poor performers' if this can help to prevent conflict. Yet the difficulties that initially prompted donors to become more selective in aid allocation remain all too real. Experience has shown that aid can exacerbate problems rather than solving them.

Abstract
The Rule of Law and economic development are widely regarded as necessary for a successful society, but defining the international rule of law and explaining the relationship with economic development has proven elusive. This article begins with explanations posited by Hayek and others, but brings a fresh perspective grounded in a multidisciplinary and contextual approach that includes history, philosophy, economics, and law. Properly defined, the rule of law refers to a specific understanding of the relationship between the individual and government. The common law conception of the rule of law (as opposed to the civilian Rechtsstaat or L'État de Droit) is historically more supportive of economic development, but modern international descriptions and definitions confuse the two. Based on empirical economic studies and historical legal anthropology, the common law understanding focused on limited government and individual freedom from interference has proven more likely to encourage entrepreneurship and hence economic development on a long-term basis.

AbstractHighly skilled people are among the most valuable factors of production in the contemporary world economy. Some have characterized the competition among nations for these people as a "brain drain" or "war for talent," which imposes significant costs on the countries of emigration. However, the distribution of costs and benefits that results from high‐skill migration is not necessarily zero‐sum or fixed. It may be altered through international cooperation, producing a self‐reinforcing "win–win" scenario for sending and receiving countries. Bilateral cooperation, focused on specific sectors affected by migration, is the most promising approach for realizing such a scenario. This paper explores the prospects and potential for such cooperation between India and the United States, which comprise what is probably the world's largest high‐skill mobility relationship. After sketching the broad contours of the relationship, we explore the prospects for mutually beneficial cooperation in three specific fields of high‐skill migration: information technology services, medicine and nursing, and graduate education.