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Focusing on the life and work of José Manuel Groot this article attempts to identify and analyze the objective and subjective factors as well as the political and social aspects that characterized, inspired, and justified the journalistic, literary, artistic, and historiographical production of the Colombian catholic writers in the second half of the nineteenth century. The text begins with a brief sketch of the transformation of nineteenth century Catholicism in Colombia during the liberal hegemony. Then it focuses on the channels and spaces that these intellectuals used for the diffusion of their works and for strengthening the social ties among them. The third part of the article deals with the specific functions that these writers assumed as theirs and with their struggle with Bogota's high clergy. To conclude I formulate some reflections about the autonomy and self-perception of the intellectuals, and on the importance of individual and collective trajectories in the history of Colombian intellectuals. ; Este artículo analiza los factores objetivos y subjetivos, los aspectos políticos y sociales que caracterizaron, inspiraron y justificaron la producción periodística, literaria e historiográfica de los escritores católicos en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX en Colombia, centrándose en José Manuel Groot. Primero, se presenta un bosquejo de la configuración del catolicismo colombiano durante la hegemonía liberal para luego aludir a los canales y espacios a través de los cuales estos intelectuales difundieron sus trabajos y fortalecieron los vínculos sociales entre ellos. En tercer lugar, se abordarán las funciones particulares que estos escritores asumieron como propias así como sus enfrentamientos con la jerarquía eclesiástica. Por último, se plantean algunos puntos de reflexión con respecto a la autonomía del intelectual decimonónico, su autopercepción y a la importancia de las trayectorias individuales y colectivas en la historia de los intelectuales en Colombia.

En este artículo, se analiza el fenómeno de la judicialización de la política, aportando una revisión del concepto y sus expresiones que podría facilitar su contraste empírico. Para ello, se revisa la naturaleza del concepto, sus distintas acepciones y la eventual confusión que genera la asociación del fenómeno a la vertiente sustantiva del proceso judicial más que a la orgánica o funcional. Para avanzar en las posibilidades de la observación empírica, se propone una tipología de expresiones de judicialización de la política que se contrasta, posteriormente, con casos paradigmáticos de América Latina. ; In this article, the phenomenon of the judicialization of politics is analyzed, providing a review of the concept and its expressions that could facilitate its empirical contrast. The nature of the concept, its different meanings and the possible confusion generated by the association of the phenomenon with the substantive aspect of the judicial process rather than the organic one, that is, the political as matter, are reviewed. To advance the possibilities of empirical observation, a typology of expressions of judicialization of politics is proposed, which is subsequently contrasted with paradigmatic cases in Latin America.

Introduction: the devil citing scipture: Christian perceptions of the religions of the book / Matthew Dimmock and Andrew Hadfield -- Christian antisemitism and intermedial experience in late medieval England / Anthony Bale -- The Crusade of Varna, 1443-1445: what motivated the crusaders? / Colin Imber -- "A human head to the neck of a horse": hybridity, monstrosity and early Christian conceptions of Muhammad and Islam / Matthew Dimmock -- "Vile interpretations" and "devilish supplements": Jewish exegesis and linguistic siege in Martin Luther's On the Jews and their lies (1543) / Raphael Hallett -- "Turks" and "Christians": the iconography of possession in the depiction of the Ottoman-Venetian-Hapsburg frontiers, 1550-1689 / Palmira Brummett -- Confounding Babel: the language of religion in the English Revolution / Matthew Birchwood -- "A parallel made with the Jewish sanhedrin": tolerating Jews and Jewish precedents in the early modern church and state / Eliane Glaser -- Milton among the Muslims / Gerald MacLean

This article appeared in Strategic Insights, v.6, issue 4 (April 2005) ; Mohammed Hassanein Heikal is perhaps the most prolific and influential presidential chronicler in Egypt's modern history. He has written many volumes on the Egyptian perspective of the Arab- Israeli Wars and continues to write books that help Egypt's intellectuals rationalize modern events. He has spent over five decades as a journalist, presidential confidant to Egypt's presidents Nasser (1954-1970) and Sadat (1970-1981), as well as editor and commentator. Heikal had the unique opportunity to spend 10 hours with President Gamal Abdel Nasser on June 9, 1967, four days into the 1967 Six-Day War. Heikal's interview represents Nasser unedited, as having a discussion with a close confidant (Heikal) as the 1967 war rages around him. ; Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

The main task in the article is to describe the conditions for an effective domestic policy of the Russian Federation. The authors justified the neo-institutional method as the most effective for analysis. Several institutional practices of domestic policy are described based on this method. The trends in the development of Russia's domestic policy are proved with the help of neo-institutionalism. The authors conclude that neo-institutionalism can explain the interdependence between public trust, opportunistic behavior, and the incorrect operation of political institutions. Transaction costs can be reduced by improving institutional practices. The authors proposed a model of social behavior. This model will facilitate the reproduction of institutional relations by political actors.

As its title indicates, this book, which is divided into four chapters, seeks to provide an overview of "the diverse political, social and cultural functions that interfaith marriage alliances and other sexual encounters fulfilled within the overall dynamic of Christian- Muslim relations in the Iberian Peninsula during the medieval period, both within al- Andalus (…) and the expansionist Christian-dominated polities of the North" (4). In this sense, its chronological span reaches from the early eighth century (the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Muslims) to 1492 (the Christian conquest of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada)