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Homeless people today struggle more with addiction than people who have stability in their life. Whether it's due to financial issues, or not having a support system, homeless people struggle to get the help they need for both their addiction and their homelessness. A high number of homeless people report to have started an addiction since being homeless, and they do so to stay alive, in turn people are continuing to stay homeless and many of these people are dying of overdoses or just staying stuck in the situation they are forced to deal with alone. There are some states starting to decriminalize small amounts of drugs which is a big step to seeing these people not as criminals but as people with a mental illness who need help. This is what we need to work towards to make things a little easier for the people stuck in these situations to get them out.

This survey of empirical research on computing in government updates a review that appeared ten years earlier in Public Administration Review. It focuses primarily on research related to the management of computing and on differences between public and private sector management of computing because the bulk of the new research and findings are here. The impact of computing on employment, structure, worklife, decision making, organizational politics, and constitutional issues is treated briefly because there is little new research and few new findings. The authors conclude that although the use of computers in government at all levels of the federal system has increased greatly over the last decade, research on computing in government has declined precipitously.

International audience ; This article proposes a contribution to the comparative analysis of cultural policies by focusing on the nationally differentiated processes through which categories of public intervention in cultural matters are constructed and institutionalised. This general perspective is applied to local cultural policies in France and Germany. In order to show the formation and displacements of frontiers in these policies, we have chosen to study the linkages between "social" logics (in the sense of social policies) and more specifically cultural logics in local public action. One can thereby observe an apparently analogous see-saw movement in the two countries: the overlapping of the "social" and the "cultural" in the 1960s and 1970s, followed by a specialisation of cultural policies leading to the sidelining of the "social", and finally the rediscovery since the 1990s of objectives based on social integration in the conduct of cultural policies. The comparison nevertheless shows that the sociopolitical logics underlying these changes differ substantially from one country to the other, producing differentiated combinations of the social and the cultural.

International audience ; This article proposes a contribution to the comparative analysis of cultural policies by focusing on the nationally differentiated processes through which categories of public intervention in cultural matters are constructed and institutionalised. This general perspective is applied to local cultural policies in France and Germany. In order to show the formation and displacements of frontiers in these policies, we have chosen to study the linkages between "social" logics (in the sense of social policies) and more specifically cultural logics in local public action. One can thereby observe an apparently analogous see-saw movement in the two countries: the overlapping of the "social" and the "cultural" in the 1960s and 1970s, followed by a specialisation of cultural policies leading to the sidelining of the "social", and finally the rediscovery since the 1990s of objectives based on social integration in the conduct of cultural policies. The comparison nevertheless shows that the sociopolitical logics underlying these changes differ substantially from one country to the other, producing differentiated combinations of the social and the cultural.

Introducing the topic and the concepts / Giorgos Charalambous and Gregoris Ioannou -- The Russian Narodniks and their relationship to Russian Marxism / Richard Mullin -- Social democracy and the temptation of populism between the world wars : France in a comparative perspective / Fabien Escalona -- Historicizing the populist temptation : the case of Eurocommunism / Ioannis Balampanidis -- Corbyn, Sanders and the contestation of neoliberal hegemony / Owen Worth -- 'Make way for the people!' : left-wing populism in the rhetoric of Jean-Luc Mélenchon's 2012 and 2017 presidential campaigns / Paolo Chiocchetti -- New left populism contesting and taking power : the cases of Syriza and Podemos / Alexandros Kioupkiolis and Giorgos Katsambekis -- Hijacking the left? : the populist and radical right in two post-Communist polities / Vassilis Petsinis -- Mapping anti-austerity discourse : populism, sloganeering, and/or realism? / David J. Bailey -- West European trade unions, labour and 'the people' : from the golden era to the times of austerity / Gregoris Ioannou and Giorgos Charalambous -- Populism as deceptive invocations of the popular : a political approach / Seraphim Seferiades -- Conclusions : populism and left radicalism in Europe across time and space / Giorgos Charalambous and Gregoris Ioannou.

Pour les céréales, les engagements sur la réduction des exportations subventionnées seront particulièrement contraignants pour l'Union européenne, alors que l'on peut prévoir un redéploiement des échanges mondiaux en faveur des autres grands exportateurs, en particulier les Etats-Unis. L'application du volet externe de l'accord de l'Uruguay Round est vue à la lumière des politiques de subventions à l'exportation, pratiquées par l'Union européenne et les Etats-Unis. Une modélisation des adjudications de restitutions européennes permet de conclure à l'efficacité des procédures utilisées par l'Union européenne. La nécessaire adaptation de celles-ci, en vue de se conformer aux objectifs de l'accord, altèrera probablement cette efficacité.

It has been nineteen years since Kenneth C. Davis first dazzled audiences with his instant classic Don't Know Much Aboutreg; History, vividly bringing the past to life and proving that Americans don't hate history, they just hate the dull, textbook version they were fed in school. With humor, wit, and a knack for storytelling, Davis has been bringing readers of all ages up to speed on history, geography, and science ever since. Now, in the classic traditions of Edith Hamilton and Joseph Campbell, he turns his talents to the world of myth. Where do we come from? Why do stars shine and the seasons change? What is evil? Since the beginning of time, people have answered such questions by crafting imaginative stories that have served as religion, science, philosophy, and popular literature. in his irreverent and popular question-and-answer style, Davis introduces and explains the great myths of the world, as well as the works of literature that have made them famous. in a single volume, he tackles Mesopotamia's Gilgamesh, the first hero in world mythology; Achilles and the Trojan War; Stonehenge and the Druids; Thor, the Nordic god of thunder; Chinese oracle bones; the use of peyote in ancient Native American rites; and the dramatic life and times of the man who would be Buddha. Ever familiar and instructive, Davis shows why the ancient tales of gods and heroes -- from Mount Olympus to Machu Picchu, from ancient Rome to the icy land of the Norse -- continue to speak to us today, in our movies, art, language, and music. for mythology novices and buffs alike, and for anyone who loves a good story, Don't Know Much Aboutreg; Mythology is a lively and insightful look into the greatest stories ever told.

Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Part IGeographical Diversity and Geoheritage -- 1 Geographical Diversity of Georgia and Perspectives of Planning of Geoparks (Geo Heritages) -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Results -- 1.3 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Identifying and Assessing Geodiversities Around Takht-e Soleyman World Heritage Site to Propose the Territory as the Third Geopark in Iran -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 A Glimpse into Geotourism and Geopark Concepts -- 2.3 Geotourism and Geopark's History in Iran -- 2.3.1 The History of Geotourism in Iran -- 2.3.2 The History of Iran's Geoparks -- 2.4 Methodology -- 2.5 Study Area -- 2.6 Findings of the Research -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Geoheritage: A Strategic Resource for the Society in the Anthropocene -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Sharing the Knowledge: A Geoethic Objective -- 3.3 Knowledge and Communication -- 3.4 Geotourism: A Way Toward Sustainable Development -- 3.5 New Semantic Tools -- 3.6 Landscape Approach -- 3.7 GIS and Maps -- 3.8 Mapping Landscapes -- 3.9 From Theory to Practice -- 3.10 Further Initiatives: Science and TV Series -- 3.11 Conclusive Remarks -- References -- 4 UAV's Multimedia Technology and Augmented Reality (Geointegration): New Concept and New Paradigm of Geodiversity Presentation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Methodology -- 4.3 Results -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Virtual Heritage: A Model of Participatory Knowledge Construction Toward Biogeocultural Heritage Conservation -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Virtual Heritage and Dialogue Among Knowledges -- 5.3 Examples of Visualization for Environmental Assessment and Site Monitoring -- 5.4 Case Studies -- 5.4.1 Atacama Virtual Heritage -- 5.4.2 Kütralkura Geopark, 3D Model of Llaima, and Mapuche Culture -- 5.4.3 Un-Habited Spaces of Patagonia.

International audience ; While there is a lot at stake in cycling, not everyone is willing to bicycle. During adolescence, girls are considerably more likely than boys to give up cycling, and this divide is particularly pronounced in priority neighbourhoods (QPV). Particularly because of strong norms of male appropriation of space, coupled with highly gendered educational practices, girls are highly likely to incorporate inclinations to protect their bodies, to fear of moving alone, of venturing out, and of occupying public space, severely limiting their actual opportunities to practice. The article shows that despite the importance of this observation, girls of the same age group and living in particularly underprivileged QPVs in the metropolises of Strasbourg and Montpellier had varied cyclist socializations revealing considerable inequalities of opportunity. While the injunctions to which they are subject push them to implement strategies to preserve or protect themselves, not all of them develop the same skills, beliefs, and dispositions. Thus, the article illustrates, on the one hand, the importance of studying how the urban, mobility, sport, health and ecological socializations of individuals are articulated, and, on the other hand, the great diversity of ways of residing and moving in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. ; La práctica del ciclismo plantea considerables retos que no todos están dispuestos a afrontar. En la adolescencia es mucho más alto el porcentaje de chicas que de chicos que abandonan la bici y esta fractura entre chicos y chicas es todavía más patente en los barrios prioritarios de las políticas municipales (QPV por sus siglas en francés). Principalmente como consecuencia de normas muy estrictas de apropiación masculina del espacio, ligadas a una educación altamente sexista, las chicas son mucho más susceptibles a incorporar la tendencia a proteger su cuerpo, a tener miedo a moverse solas y aventurarse o a aparcar en espacios públicos, lo que limita enormemente sus posibilidades reales de ...

International audience ; This article explores trajectories of eating vegetarian and non-vegetarian of people living in India by anchoring in a micro sociology of relationships with food and life course transitions. These trajectories, "in continuity" or "in rupture", thus depend on relationships with food (serene pleasure, anxious health, social) and biographical triggers. In fact, on the sidelines of the classic approaches which consider diet to be determined by caste or social class, or even sex, this reading grid looks at the reasons invoked by individuals who mention events, such as encounter, breakup, loss of a job, illness, involvement in a political party, age. All of these triggers modify the relationship with food, the body, and other individuals. The ruptures are mainly related to the social environment (through triggers called "exogenous" to the person) and to the change of stage in the life cycle (called "processual"). The recurrences in these accounts inform on how society regulates a life course and on new collective ways of considering social position such a biographisation of the life course. Indeed, and although these trajectories are following vegetarian and non-vegetarian models, the new "eggetarian" (egg eater) or "pescetarian" (fish eater) statuses are emerging as possible new identities, as well in the Indian society. ; Cet article explore les trajectoires alimentaires végétariennes et non-végétariennes, de personnes vivant en Inde, en s'ancrant dans une micro sociologie des rapports à l'alimentation et des transitions biographiques. Ces trajectoires alimentaires, « en continuité » ou « en rupture », dépendent de rapports à l'alimentation (plaisir serein, santé anxieux, social) et de déclencheurs biographiques. En marge des approches classiques qui considèrent l'alimentation comme déterminée par la caste ou la classe sociale, voire le sexe, cette grille de lecture s'intéresse aux motifs invoqués par les individus qui mentionnent des évènements, tels une rencontre, une rupture amoureuse, la ...

International audience ; This article explores trajectories of eating vegetarian and non-vegetarian of people living in India by anchoring in a micro sociology of relationships with food and life course transitions. These trajectories, "in continuity" or "in rupture", thus depend on relationships with food (serene pleasure, anxious health, social) and biographical triggers. In fact, on the sidelines of the classic approaches which consider diet to be determined by caste or social class, or even sex, this reading grid looks at the reasons invoked by individuals who mention events, such as encounter, breakup, loss of a job, illness, involvement in a political party, age. All of these triggers modify the relationship with food, the body, and other individuals. The ruptures are mainly related to the social environment (through triggers called "exogenous" to the person) and to the change of stage in the life cycle (called "processual"). The recurrences in these accounts inform on how society regulates a life course and on new collective ways of considering social position such a biographisation of the life course. Indeed, and although these trajectories are following vegetarian and non-vegetarian models, the new "eggetarian" (egg eater) or "pescetarian" (fish eater) statuses are emerging as possible new identities, as well in the Indian society. ; Cet article explore les trajectoires alimentaires végétariennes et non-végétariennes, de personnes vivant en Inde, en s'ancrant dans une micro sociologie des rapports à l'alimentation et des transitions biographiques. Ces trajectoires alimentaires, « en continuité » ou « en rupture », dépendent de rapports à l'alimentation (plaisir serein, santé anxieux, social) et de déclencheurs biographiques. En marge des approches classiques qui considèrent l'alimentation comme déterminée par la caste ou la classe sociale, voire le sexe, cette grille de lecture s'intéresse aux motifs invoqués par les individus qui mentionnent des évènements, tels une rencontre, une rupture amoureuse, la ...

International audience ; This article explores trajectories of eating vegetarian and non-vegetarian of people living in India by anchoring in a micro sociology of relationships with food and life course transitions. These trajectories, "in continuity" or "in rupture", thus depend on relationships with food (serene pleasure, anxious health, social) and biographical triggers. In fact, on the sidelines of the classic approaches which consider diet to be determined by caste or social class, or even sex, this reading grid looks at the reasons invoked by individuals who mention events, such as encounter, breakup, loss of a job, illness, involvement in a political party, age. All of these triggers modify the relationship with food, the body, and other individuals. The ruptures are mainly related to the social environment (through triggers called "exogenous" to the person) and to the change of stage in the life cycle (called "processual"). The recurrences in these accounts inform on how society regulates a life course and on new collective ways of considering social position such a biographisation of the life course. Indeed, and although these trajectories are following vegetarian and non-vegetarian models, the new "eggetarian" (egg eater) or "pescetarian" (fish eater) statuses are emerging as possible new identities, as well in the Indian society. ; Cet article explore les trajectoires alimentaires végétariennes et non-végétariennes, de personnes vivant en Inde, en s'ancrant dans une micro sociologie des rapports à l'alimentation et des transitions biographiques. Ces trajectoires alimentaires, « en continuité » ou « en rupture », dépendent de rapports à l'alimentation (plaisir serein, santé anxieux, social) et de déclencheurs biographiques. En marge des approches classiques qui considèrent l'alimentation comme déterminée par la caste ou la classe sociale, voire le sexe, cette grille de lecture s'intéresse aux motifs invoqués par les individus qui mentionnent des évènements, tels une rencontre, une rupture amoureuse, la ...

International audience ; More and more literature and practice recommend involving the public at the early stages of the policy cycle, i.e. issue identification, definition of the policy objectives and policy design. Policy design involves, among others, identifying solutions, ideas or alternatives which may address the policy objectives. Three main arguments are often put forward to advocate for the involvement of stakeholders, or the public, in policy design: a "user-centered " argument (i.e. for the policy to better meet people's priorities), an innovation argument (i.e. to conceive new solutions) and a collective argument (i.e. to identify collective actions and better tackle environmental problems). However, in both research and practice these arguments have been challenged. Research has insufficiently generated evidence of the influence of large-scale participation in policy design on resulting proposed actions. The objective of this paper is to analyze whether a large-scale participatory process leads to action proposals that fit people's priorities and that are innovative and collective. It draws from a land management and rural development policy design experiment conducted in six vulnerable areas of Tunisia. 4,300 direct participants were involved and 11,583 action proposals were collected. Our results highlight the influence of the local circumstances on innovation and the interest towards collective actions. Our results also show that whether policy design is made individually or in group influences the outcomes. The results also suggest that appropriate facilitation can help fostering more collective and innovative actions. We conclude the paper by opening up the idea of hybridizing policy design methods with methods from political and agricultural sciences in order to better understand the drivers and rationalities behind participants' action proposals.