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In this first argument of a colloquium, the question of whether an "academic heresy" can become the cause of "revolutions within the humanities" is explored in the author's personal reflections to articulate his five-step argument about a typically post-totalitarian situation in the humanities. The author disagrees with the presentation of the humanities as either religious or political institution, & with the assumption of the analogy between the sciences and humanities in the application of Kuhn's theory of "scientific revolutions." The post-totalitarian situation in the humanities is argued to rather be Blooms "mythology" of how innovation happens in literature. The author traces his intellectual genealogy as a family romance between him & his academic fathers. His Oedipal revolt was meant to be a complement to Jauss, & although rejected, revealed the value of taking visible distance from the philosopher. Reaching the limits of his career in Germany brought him to the US & to his fascination for phenomena & the text of "presence". Although Bloom assumes that the fathers are always & typically stronger than the son, the author recognizes that the Oedipal sons do not believe that they are doomed to forever to be inferior to their fathers. References. J. Harwell

The Argentine debt crisis of 2001-2002 and its aftermath are examined in the light of the moral framework of Catholic social teaching on the debt problems of poor countries. The author, a former practitioner in emerging-markets finance, seeks to bring together and interpret the church's teaching (which was mostly worked out in the 1980s) in the particular economic and social circumstances of Argentina in the early 2000s. The key question is how closely the outcome of the debt crisis in Argentina conformed to what social justice, in the Church's interpretation, would have required. The main conclusion is that the resolution of the crisis was broadly consistent with that teaching. The crisis was managed with pragmatism rooted in shared (by debtor and creditors) concerns for social justice-more so than had been possible in the earlier Latin American debt crises in the 1980s, which the author had also witnessed. For that, many factors are responsible, including the emergence of civil society in Argentina and changes in the system of emerging markets finance. The author argues, however, that the moral framework of the Catholic Church on matters of international debt may deserve some of the credit. Adapted from the source document.

Drawing on recent liberal peace and Asian security research, this article assesses the relevance of prominent 'Kantian' hypotheses for understanding the international politics of Asia. While there is some evidence that the dynamics of war and peace are different in Asia than in other parts of the world, this does not mean that liberal theories are irrelevant. There is at best weak support for the pacific effects of democracy or international institutions in Asia. But liberal expectations, and those of some Asia analysts, about the importance of economic interdependence for reducing conflict in Asia are robustly confirmed. This result obtains even with a control for the simultaneous trade-dampening effect of conflict using structural equations. But the strong intra-Asian effect of trade interdependence does not translate into a robust pacific effect between Asian states and those outside the region. A more nuanced picture emerges; the democratic peace appears most relevant for interactions between Asian states and the rest of the world. The findings show that analysts can rely neither on beliefs that Asia is sui generis nor on purely realist models as guides to Asian security issues. Kantian and realist theories are both relevant. The results also indicate that some common assumptions of analysts, especially regarding the importance of alliances and institutions, are not in accord with the regularities of conflict and peace in Asia.

Maģistra darba temats ir "Komandas darba pārvaldības specifika izglītības iestādē". Darbā analizēta komandas darba pārvaldības specifika izglītības iestādē, akcentējot pirmsskolas izglītības iestāžu iespējas komandu veidošanā un pārvaldībā, par pētījuma bāzi ņemot trīs Talsu rajona pirmsskolas izglītības iestādes. Darba mērķis – atklāt komandas darba izmantošanas iespējas un tā pārvaldības specifiku izglītības iestādēs. Maģistra darba pētījumā secināts, ka komandas darbības principu ieviešana izglītības iestādes darbā uzlūkojama kā jauna iespēja izglītības iestādes demokratizācijā, inovāciju ieviešanā, optimālu lēmumu pieņemšanā, iestādes ilgtspējīgas attīstības nodrošināšanā. Atslēgas vārdi: izglītības vadība, komandas veidošana, komandas pārvaldība, pirmskolas izglītības iestāde. ; The topic of the master work is "The Team Work Leading in Establishment of Education". The author has used qualitative research methods like literature studies, developing criteria for effective team work in education institution, analyzed team leading in three kindergartens – by analyzing the teamwork on videotape, specially the manager actions. The author has also made an inquiry of team participants. The conclusion is that implementing the team work principles at kindergartens is a new opportunity to democratize the education institution, to implement innovations, to facilitate the optimal decision making. As a result the author has developed suggestions for improving the team work at the education establishment. Key words: education management, team building, team leading, kindergarten.

The author has undertaken the challenging task of looking at the complex set of issues that invariably arise when two highly sensitive social aspects are discussed in tandem: the nation's ethnopolitical development and the national security strategy. To achieve this he has probed into various approaches to the problem and analyzed the challenges and threats caused by globalization in the ethnopolitical sphere at all security levels (global, regional, and national). The author has managed to trace the evolution of ideas about the ethnopolitical dimension both in political science and practical politics. These ideas have developed from the original view that the ethnic issue has completely blended with the social sector of the security system to the scientifically substantiated acceptance of security's ethnic dimension and, consequently, to the recognition that the ethnopolitical aspect of the security issue needs a theoretical and methodological foundation as well as political-legal institutionalization. The author has made an attempt to apply his own conceptions to the Central Caucasus, the key zone of the Caucasian Region and Central Eurasia, in accordance with the latest ideas of the Eurasian geopolitical expanse offered by the Institute of Strategic Studies of the Caucasus (ISSC, Azerbaijan).

The aim of this article is to examine the qualification and mediation of fashionable clothing by fashion buyers at Selfridges, London. The author examines the 'active and reflexive role of economic agents in the qualification of products' in their 'habitual and routine' working practices, describing how buyers are active in defining, shaping, transforming, qualifying and requalifiying products. Through this qualification process, buyers act upon markets, their selections resulting in the assemblage of products on the shop-floor that constitute fashionable clothing for the store. One problem with this idea of qualification is that it views the process as linear. To overcome this, the author draws on Cronin's idea of 'multiple regimes of mediation', which emphasizes the many directions and mediations that take place between agents in their qualification of products. To demonstrate this, the author examines three critical encounters buyers have with products, suppliers and consumers. During these encounters, buyers mediate numerous interests, tastes and identities, deal with suppliers and come to 'know' their customer(s). Focusing on these encounters provides, in the words of Cronin, for an 'expanded and nuanced definition of mediation' and critical analysis of fashion buyers as, to borrow Bourdieu's term, 'cultural intermediaries' whose work has been hitherto unexamined.

In Chicago in July 1995, the Cook County Medical Examiner classified 739 heat-related deaths after one week of record high heat and humidity. In the 2002 book Heat Wave, Eric Klinenberg provides an influential account of these deaths. Klinenberg specifically contrasts mortalities in two neighboring communities, black North Lawndale and Latino South Lawndale. He explains the mortality difference by focusing on how elderly black residents, including those in "literal isolation," were impacted by neighborhood conditions. However, Klinenberg's book provides no data on the individuals who died. The author of this Research Note reports more data obtained by traveling to these two communities and to the bordering white community of Archer Heights. The author compares his findings against data available on death certificates for all decedents. At the time of the heat wave, many of the people who died were not elderly and only two elderly victims in North Lawndale were living alone. In the bordering white community, most decedents were living alone during the heat wave and none had ever married. The author questions whether Klinenberg's theory operates at the individual level in North Lawndale and assesses whether Robinson's "ecological fallacy" pertains to Klinenberg's study.

The article attempts to evaluate the rationale, for a joint or separate analysis of both types of migration in the European Union. First the author examines different types of migration barriers, reaching the conclusion, that since the countries' policies regulate the possibility of border crossing for its' own citizens and for foreigners, therefore in the international migration analysis the economic, social and psychological barriers are secondary to administrative and -political barriers. Next, the author discusses the ongoing integration process of EU countries in the area of standardization of both internal and international migration, in the context of legal regulations and their practical effects on the population flows between the EU countries. He concedes that, internal and international migrations within the EU may be treated with identical principles and analysed jointly. The following review of migration studies, supports further the view, that a dogmatic clinging to the distinction between internal and international migrations is in many cases unjustified. The author, however, does not rule out the possibility of the existence of such areas of migration research, in which separate examination of both migration categories makes sense, with regard to the existence of important institutional and political barriers.

Are minority press outlets more likely to provide coverage of minority legislators than white legislators? Does this coverage translate across racial and ethnic lines? This article assesses whether minority members of the 107th Congress (2001–02) are covered by minority media sources more than white legislators. The author examines the frequency of media coverage of Latino,African-American, and Asian-American legislators in the Latino press, the African-American press, and the Asian-American press.The author argues and finds that minority elected officials are more likely to receive coverage in newspapers geared specifically to minority communities. Minority legislators are more likely to be covered by minority media, and these results are robust across minority media.The author also finds that minority media are more likely to give coverage to legislators from other minority groups as well. African-American and Latino legislators receive more coverage from Latino media outlets than other legislators,while the same results are found for African-American media outlets. Asian-American media outlets are more likely to cover both Asian-American and African-American legislators.

Throughout the world, truth commissions are being constructed under the hope that discovering the "truth" about a country's conflictual past will somehow contribute to "reconciliation." Most such efforts point to South Africa's process as an exemplar of the powerful influence of truth finding. But has truth actually contributed to reconciliation in South Africa? No rigorous & systematic assessment of the truth & reconciliation process has ever been conducted. This article investigates the hypothesis that truth leads to reconciliation. Based on a survey of thirty-seven hundred South Africans in 2001, the author begins by giving both "truth" & "reconciliation" clear conceptual & operational meaning. The author reports empirical evidence that the Truth & Reconciliation Commission's "truth" is fairly widely accepted by South Africans of all races, that some degree of reconciliation characterizes South Africa today, & that the collective memory produced by the process ("truth") did indeed contribute to reconciliation. The author then considers whether other divided countries might be able to use a similar process to propel themselves toward a more peaceful & democratic future. Tables, Figures, Appendixes, References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright 2006 The American Academy of Political and Social Science.]

This article puts a part of Bhaktivedanta Swami's rhetoric of violence into a larger context that has previously been neglected: that of early- to mid-twentieth century Bengali politics. The author also pinpoints some other factors behind them, such as his literal reading of the Gaudiya Vaishnava scriptures and his flair for drama. In this, the author has not tried to exonerate Bhaktivedanta Swami for his more radically politically incorrect opinions. There is no reason why in the 1970s even an Indian could believe, for example, that Hitler killed Jews because they financed his enemies. Rather, the author tries to begin broadening the picture of Bhaktivedanta Swami by looking at him as a product both of his spiritual predecessors and of his more worldly background. Seeing Bhaktivedanta Swami not only as the great 'transcendental' founder-acharya of ISKCON, but also as an elderly gentle­ man, at times erring on relative, human issues, is a viewpoint shared by many ISKCON intellectuals today. For some apologists within the movement, however, taking this path is seen as exceedingly risky, and they fight it vehemently, claiming that the entire future of the movement hinges on being faithful to all the words of its founder.

The attraction of foreign direct investment (FDI) has become a major economic development goal of the postsocialist countries of East and Central Europe (ECE). ECE countries have rapidly adopted 'Western'-style place-marketing policies to attract FDI. However, little is known about place marketing under postsocialism, and particularly in the context of an enlarged European Union; hence the author presents an analysis of the supply-side policies which Hungary has developed in response to its rapidly changing position with regard to FDI. In particular, he examines the strategies developed by two key agencies responsible for attracting inward investment, the Ministry of Economy and Transport and the Hungarian Investment and Trade Development Agency. Hungary's current position in respect to patterns of attracting FDI is evaluated and, through outlining the key changes in the nature of FDI, a set of key issues which must be addressed in any place-marketing strategy in ECE is developed. The author then analyses how these two key agencies have responded to this new FDI context. The author assesses how Hungary has been able to address the new FDI context and also considers how FDI and attempts to attract it is reshaping supply-side policies, and postsocialist states themselves.

Assuming that the synoptic reading of partial theories is of use in the building of cumulative theories, the author seeks to establish common points between theories of the decision-making process in foreign policy and theories of power and egotiation at the international level. This paper seeks as well to complement these latter two types of theory with the findings of decision theory. After having justified his undertaking by the relations existing between observed phenomena - that is, decision, power and negotiation - and by the absence of a theory taking these three phenomena into account, the' author sets out the plan of his reflection in function of the distinctions between the approaches and factors emphasized by the various decision theories. The text considers the defining elements of the most important contributions of the specialists on the question. To conclude, the author provides a synoptic table of the main observations of his analysis. This table, which in the author's opinion is able to account for specific situations that are not explicitly described therein, demonstrates that the paradigms of theories of power and negotiation may only be established by reference to the decision paradigm.

The author identifies the variations in Peking's foreign policy since 1949 as the variable outcome of an equation involving stable principles and changing contexts. First, she identifies those principles that from the Chinese perspective are the guidelines of their foreign policy. Second, she attempts to demonstrate by reference to practice that these principles, far from constituting restrictive norms, are adapted to situations in a manner to ensure the perpetuity of China. Informed by an ages-old diplomatic tradition, the essentially pragmatic Chinese leadership interpret changes in the international context in the light of long-term objectives. These may be summarized by two concepts : the safeguarding of peace and the emancipation of humanity.
By taking these considerations into account the author studies the foreign policies of the Chinese People's Republic that would appear to be the most susceptible of demonstrating the conceptions of its leaders with respect to international relations. In particular, the strategic position of the China of the 80s is commented upon within this analytical framework. The author concludes from her observations that Chinese behaviour on the international scène may be better understood by considering the goals pursued rather than the statements of principles put forward.