Suchergebnisse

A literature survey on the capacity of governments to act through the use of such varying instruments as taxation, regulation, expenditures, public ownership, and moral suasion; Canada.

Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: The Challenge of Implementing Macroeconomic Policy in an Increasingly Microeconomic World -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Basic Economics and Production Inputs -- 1.3 Striving for Innovation: Public Health and Socioeconomic Status -- 1.3.1 Money an Unnecessary Evil? -- 1.3.2 Thinking Beyond Boundaries -- 1.3.3 The Global Problem of Low SES -- 1.3.3.1 Africa, China, and India: Urbanization and Poor Health Outcomes -- 1.3.3.2 United States -- 1.4 The Changing Role of the Environment: Modeling Sustainable Human and Economic Development -- 1.5 Application and Discussion -- 1.6 Summary -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2: Green Aid Flows: Trends and Opportunities for Developing Countries -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 International Aid Flows and Environmental Protection Goals -- 2.3 Aid Flows and Green Financing in Developing Countries -- 2.4 Conclusions and Policy Implications -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: Food Sustainability Index Report on the United States: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 United States Food Sustainability -- 3.3 United States Environmental Land Use -- 3.4 United States Environmental and Nutritional Challenges -- 3.5 Summary -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4: Planning Healthy Communities: Abating Preventable Chronic Diseases -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Theoretical Frameworks for Defining Healthy Communities -- 4.2.1 Defining Healthy Communities -- 4.2.2 Philosophical and Methodological Role of Communities in Determinants of Health -- 4.2.2.1 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion -- 4.2.2.2 The Salutogenesis Model -- 4.2.2.3 Social Epidemiology -- 4.3 Urban Planning and Public Health -- 4.4 Contemporary Urban Planning -- 4.5 The Legal Basis for Comprehensive Planning.

We theoretically examine the gains of the decentralisation of agri-environmental policy design. We consider a model with homogeneous regions and joint production of local and global public goods from agriculture. Assuming that governments are characterised by different agency costs and knowledge of the PG values, we evaluate whether decentralisation is a suitable strategy to improve the efficiency of agri-environmental payments.We find that partial decentralisation always improves the welfare.We apply our theoretical model to the case of abandoned wetlands in Brittany. We find that national governments are the most suitable to design agri-environmental policies. Our results contribute to reflections on future Common Agricultural Policy. ; Nous examinons théoriquement les gains liés à la décentralisation de la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales dans le cas où (i) les régions sont homogènes, (ii) l'agriculture produit conjointement des biens publics locaux et globaux et (iii) les différents gouvernements hiérarchiques se caractérisent par des coûts d'agence différents et une connaissance hétérogène de la valeur des biens publiques locaux et globaux. Dans cette situation, nous constatons qu'une décentralisation partielle, comme celle en réflexion pour la future Politique Agricole Commune, améliore toujours le bien-être.

Introduction: Creating a "common green vision" -- "Greening" authoritarianism -- The cooperative road towards sustainability in Shanghai -- An iron fist in a velvet glove -- Embracing the market -- Urban sustainability as consensual practice -- Concluding thoughts : environmental authoritarianism : from theory to practice.

THE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF PUBLIC POLICY AS INTERACTIVE RATHER THAN SUFFICIENT CAUSES IS SUBJECTED HERE TO A COMPARATIVE STATE ANALYSIS. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT POLITICAL DISPOSITIONS BECOME MORE POTENT IN COMBINATION WITH INCREASING CONCENTRATIONS OF WEALTH AND EXECUTIVE POWER.

The Marine Strategy Framework Directive has become the key instrument for marine conservation in European seas. We review progress with its implementation, focusing on cetacean s, using the examples of Spain and the Regional Seas Convention, OSPAR. The MSFD has been criticised for legal vagueness, lack of coordination, uncertainty abou t funding, and poor governance; its future role within EU Integrated Maritime Policy remains unclear. Nevertheless, the first stages of the process have run broadly to schedule: current status, environmental objectives and indicators have been described and the design of monitoring programmes is in progress, drawing on experience with other environmental legislation. The implementation of the MSFD is now at a critical phase, facing issues including lack of funding for monitoring, limited scope for managem ent interventions, and uncertainty about how conservation objectives will be reconciled with the needs of other marine and maritime sectors. Clarity in governance, about the roles of the EU, Member States, Regional Seas Conventions and stakeholders, is nee ded to ensure success. The role of ICES in this process is still evolving. E ven if (as seems likely) good environmental status cannot be achieved by 2020, significant steps will have been taken to place environmental sustainability centre -stage in the deve lopment of Integrated Maritime Policy for EU sea

"This new edition offers a comprehensive and current survey of major western policy and environmental issues. Contributors address the policy process as it affects the states in the region, and how bureaucracy and politics shape environmental dialogues in the West."--

The main goal of the article is to present to Polish readers the most important information about one of the newer theories of the public policy process - Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). The NPF assumes that public policy narratives play a fundamental role in the public policy process. These are strategically constructed stories about the causes and solutions to public policy problems. Actors use narratives to achieve their goals, for example, implementing policies closest to their preferences. On the example of the government's "Good start" ("Dobry start" in Polish) program, the article presents practical applications of the NPF at the micro, meso, and macro levels.

"This pioneering collection offers a comprehensive investigation into how to study public policy in Latin America. Although this region exhibits many similarities with the North American and European countries that have traditionally served as sources for generating public policy knowledge, Latin American countries are also different in many fundamental ways. As such, existing policy concepts and frameworks may not always be the most effective tools of analysis for this unique region. To fill this gap, Comparative Public Policy in Latin America offers guidelines for refining current theories to suit Latin America's contemporary institutional and socio-economic realities. The contributors accomplish this task by identifying the features of the region that shape public policy, including informal norms and practices, social inequality, and weak institutions. This book promises to become the definitive work on contemporary public policy in Latin America, essential for those who study the area as well as comparative public policy more broadly."--Page i