Suchergebnisse

The problem of poverty is particularly acute in India. The question of poverty and its amelioration has been at the centre of India's concerns from the beginning of this country's planning efforts since 1950. How to design a public policy for poverty removal is an important issue. The author attempts to provide a fresh perspective by putting the problem into an explicit analytical framework that permits alternative policy designs to be sharply defined and contrasted. (DÜI-Sen)

The political discussion on the best way for Europe to build its future on science and technology should not be confined to what will come after the 5th Framework Programme. A reappraisal of the institutional inheritance in the European area must face squarely our inability to turn Europe's considerable assets in science and technology into a science system as effective as that of the USA or Japan. It must also face the obfuscating role of the subsidiarity principle in shaping EU versus national responsibilities, thereby preventing the rise of a truly European perspective and, incidentally, neglecting a better integration of the resources of the former Soviet area. Such a new perspective is presented. It will entail a European policy for the science base on which the European Research Councils, the European Science Foundation and the EU could start working now, a determined focus on sustainability, full acceptance of science's place in society where the advancement of science and its uses occurs in a framework of ethical considerations, regulation and democratic debate on uncertainties. A Europe‐wide system of technology foresight and assessment would be a great boon.

We theoretically examine the gains of the decentralisation of agri-environmental policy design. We consider a model with homogeneous regions and joint production of local and global public goods from agriculture. Assuming that governments are characterised by different agency costs and knowledge of the PG values, we evaluate whether decentralisation is a suitable strategy to improve the efficiency of agri-environmental payments.We find that partial decentralisation always improves the welfare.We apply our theoretical model to the case of abandoned wetlands in Brittany. We find that national governments are the most suitable to design agri-environmental policies. Our results contribute to reflections on future Common Agricultural Policy. ; Nous examinons théoriquement les gains liés à la décentralisation de la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales dans le cas où (i) les régions sont homogènes, (ii) l'agriculture produit conjointement des biens publics locaux et globaux et (iii) les différents gouvernements hiérarchiques se caractérisent par des coûts d'agence différents et une connaissance hétérogène de la valeur des biens publiques locaux et globaux. Dans cette situation, nous constatons qu'une décentralisation partielle, comme celle en réflexion pour la future Politique Agricole Commune, améliore toujours le bien-être.

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: The Genesis of the Social Value Problem -- Chapter 3: How Social Value Works -- Chapter 4: Social Control and Social Value -- Chapter 5: The Dynamics of Social Value -- Chapter 6: The Value of Care -- Chapter 7: Class Conflict in the Post-Pandemic World -- Chapter 8: Unconditional Welfare: The Universal Basic Income -- Chapter 9: Conclusions.

"This new edition offers a comprehensive and current survey of major western policy and environmental issues. Contributors address the policy process as it affects the states in the region, and how bureaucracy and politics shape environmental dialogues in the West."--