Suchergebnisse

Some Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander individuals, organizations, and communities in Australia have embraced international human rights norms in their efforts to obtain redress for historical grievances and influence government policy and legal reform on contemporary social justice issues. This is unsurprising given the absence of formal national infrastructure for human rights recognition in Australia. While the use of international law and frameworks has brought notable gains, there have also been significant limitations on the relevance of international human rights law to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. These limitations are both a result of the local legal conditions in Australia as well as the form and nature of international law generally. A case study of the attempts during the 1990s and 2000s to apply the label of genocide to past government policies of removing and separating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families and communities illustrates that there are considerable challenges and risks associated with campaign strategies based on the local mobilization of international human rights law.

The article is devoted to the interaction of domestic and international legal norms on human rights and the application of the latter in national legislation. The author comes to the conclusion that there are a number of problems in the implementation of international legal norms on human rights in the Russian legal system.

Chapter 1. Forgiveness and Revenge -- Part 1. Forgiveness towards a Foreign Enemy and the Futility of Revenge -- Chapter 2. Robert Schuman, Forgiveness and the Founding of the EU -- Chapter 3. 9/11: the USA's Revenge on Afghanistan -- Chapter 4. Iraq 2003: Deluded Revenge -- Chapter 5. Libya and the West: A Cycle of Revenge -- Chapter 6. USA and Iran -- Chapter 7. Is America a Vengeful Democracy? -- Part 2. The West's Unforgiving Responses to Russia and China -- Chapter 8. Russophobia: the Ukraine Conflict, the Skripal Affair -- Chapter 9. Belarus: Forgiveness; Russophobia Impedes Mediation -- Chapter 10. Sinophobia -- Chapter 11. Political Vengeance has Harmed China's Development -- Part 3. Forgiveness between Ethnic Groups or to an Occupying Power -- Chapter 12. Mahatma Gandhi's Rejection of Revenge -- Chapter 13. Israel and the Palestinians: the Futility of Violent Revenge -- Chapter 14. Forgiveness and the Irish Conflict -- Chapter 15. Nelson Mandela: Faith, Force and Forgiveness -- Part 4. Forgiveness during or after Civil War -- Chapter 16. The Relevance of Forgiveness and Revenge to the Syrian Civil War -- Chapter 17. Forgiveness after Civil War: Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Colombia and South Sudan -- Chapter 18. A Leadership of Forgiveness -- Chapter 19. Political Apologies, Forgiveness and Reparations -- Chapter 20. The Limits of Forgiveness (1): Islamic Jihadism in Africa -- Chapter 21. The Limits of Forgiveness (2): Myanmar Under the Generals -- Chapter 22. The Forgiveness of Debts.

Background: Patient-centred medicine improves psychological and physiological functioning in chronic illnesses. Aims: To determine to what extent the patient-centred ethos (as exemplified by research addressing subjective experiences) was incorporated into work presented at major international schizophrenia research forums between 1988 and 2004. Method: Whole population-based, retrospective cohort study using abstracts from the International Congress on Schizophrenia Research and the Biennial Winter Workshop on Schizophrenia ( n = 9,284). Comparative analysis using abstracts from the International Society for the Psychological Treatment of Schizophrenia ( n = 992). Patient-centredness was assessed by determining the number of abstracts that primarily addressed participants' subjective experiences. Results: Research was presented from 50 countries globally. European and North American countries produced 8,573 (92%) of the total. Biological research was the main theme of 6,960 (75%) of the abstracts, with psychosocial research constituting less than 5%. One hundred and eighty three (2%) abstracts from the two main conferences addressed subjective experiences, as did 333 (34%) from the comparative analysis. Conclusions: Between 1988 and 2004 research emanating from North American and European countries, together with biologically orientated research, were the most prevalent perspectives on schizophrenia. It appears that research into the subjective experiences of participants has not been as prevalent as more objective accounts of the disorder, suggesting that this research effort has not been patient-centred.

Objective. Know the process for Certification in Mexico Hospital. Results. Mexico has had institutional quality standards, however there was not an external evaluation to determine whether they were qualified or not, likewise influenced the lack of strict health legislation which was enacted successfully in 2009, which compel all health facility enter the era of certification. With the foregoing, the number of certified hospitals is rising and with it the active Pharmacist participation. Conclusion. The Hospital certification in Mexico is rising, with a commitment to standardize health services at international level. Pharmacist participation is essential since in most health facilities do not have a pharmaceutical professional in different areas where are required, that is the reason why the certification is a great opportunity for direct Pharmacist participation in the hospital field, complying with of quality international. ; Objetivo. Conocer el proceso de Certificación Hospitalaria en México. Resultados. México contaba con estándares de calidad institucionales, pero no había una evaluación externa que determinará si éstos estaban o no cualificados, de igual manera influía la falta de una legislación estricta en materia de salud la cual se promulgó de una manera eficaz en el 2009, ésta obliga a todos los establecimientos de salud entrar en la era de la certificación. Con lo anterior, el número de hospitales certificados va en aumento y con ello la participación activa del Farmacéutico o Químico Farmacéutico Biólogo (QFB). Conclusión. La certificación Hospitalaria en México va en aumento, con el compromiso de homologar los servicios de salud a nivel internacional. La participación del Farmacéutico o QFB es indispensable, ya que en la mayoría de los establecimientos de salud aún no se cuenta con un profesional farmacéutico en las distintas áreas que se requiere, por lo que la certificación, es una gran oportunidad para la participación directa del Farmacéutico o QFB en el ámbito hospitalario, cumpliendo los estándares de calidad y metas internacionales en materia de salud.

This study looks at international competitiveness of agriculture in the European Union and the United States. The most intuitive concept is that of price competitiveness.We calculate relative prices for 11 member states of the European Union and the United States for the period 1973–2002. We assume that markets are perfectly competitive and in long-run equilibrium, so that the observed price always equals average total cost, as measured by the cost dual to the production function. This assumption is used in our calculation of relative competitiveness and productivity gaps between the European Union and the United States and in our decomposition of relative price movements between changes in relative input prices and changes in relative productivity levels