Suchergebnisse

Virtually every account of European history after the fall of the Roman Empire identifies 'Europe' with Christian civilisation, echoing, consciously or otherwise, the universalist claims of the Byzantine emperors, the popes and the western Roman emperors. Yet it is also the case that Islam possessed a European presence from the eighth century onwards, first of all in Spain and the Mediterranean islands, and later, from the mid-fourteenth century, in the Balkans, where the Turks were able rapidly to establish an empire which directly threatened Hungary and Austria. The lands ruled by Islam on the European land mass have tended to be treated by historians as European only in geographical identity, but in human terms part of a victorious and alien 'oriental' civilisation, of which they were provincial dependencies, and from which medieval Spanish Christians or modern Greeks and Slavs had to liberate themselves. Yet this view is fallacious for several reasons. In the first place, there is a valid question about our use of the term 'civilisation', which Fred Halliday has expressed as follows:'Civilisations' are like nations, traditions, communities – terms that claim a reality and authority which is itself open to question, and appeal to a tradition that turns out, on closer inspection, to be a contemporary creation.

The Collegi were elite schools in fascist Italy that were supposed to both physically and spiritually form the future leaders of Mussolini's regime into "new men." This study is the first to shed light of the history of around twenty boarding schools, using numerous newly discovered sources to inquire into selection criteria, methods but also the results of this huge experiment in fascist "human forming."

Diephouse reviews Solidarity in Europe: The History of an Idea by Steinar Stjerno.

This historiographical review discusses recent literature on cities in modern Central Europe – mainly on Berlin and Vienna – which reflects the great variety of approaches to urban history and underlines the importance of urban history for the study of modernity. The history of urbanisation was a central event in the history of modernity. Especially in the Central European capitals of Berlin and Vienna, where modernisation and urban growth started later and then advanced quicker than in West European cities, all aspects of social, political, economic, and cultural modernity and its consequences can be observed in detail.

This book considers competing memory politics in European border towns after the First and Second World Wars. In the twentieth century Europe's borders shifted dramatically in the wake of war, and towns were often moved from one state to another despite their physical locations remaining unchanged. Urban spaces adapted to incorporate new place names, monuments, and requirements, overlaid onto the cultural heritage of previous settlers. This book investigates how the memories of different ethnic groups compete and sometimes contest with each other in the town's space, using the case studies of Vyborg/Viipuri in present-day Russia, Klaipda/Memel in Lithuania, Szczecin/Stettin in Poland, Flensburg in Germany, Trieste in Italy, and Rijeka/Fiume in Croatia. The book considers how public memories are built and how old traditions are moulded to new forms in urban settings. Drawing on perspectives from across borderland, urban, and memory studies, this book will be an important resource for researchers with an interest in Europe, and in how urban memories are constructed and contested.

The Population of Europe:. History. Massimo Livi‐Bacci. Cynthia De Nardi Ipsen and Carl Ipsen. trans. Maiden, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 2000. 220 pp.

Drawing on half a century of travel and thinking, this book tells the story of Europe since its emergence from wartime hell in 1945: how it slowly recovered and rebuilt, liberated and united to come close to the ideal of a 'Europe whole and free'. And then faltered. Timothy Garton Ash has spent a lifetime studying Europe. Highl ypersonal and deeply felt, this books is also full of vivid experiences, encounters and anecdotes: from his father's memories of D-Day to interviewing Polish dockers, Albanian guerrillas in the mountains of Kosovo, and angry teenagers in the poorest quarters of Paris, as well as advising political leaders in the UK, Europe and the US. Homelands is both a living, breathing history of a period of unprecedented progress and a clear-eyed account of how so much then went wrong, from the financial crisis of 2008 to the war in Ukraine. At its heart, this book is an urgent call to the citizens of this great old continent to understand and defend what we have collectively achieved.

A history of the rise of industrialism in modern Europe, containing a description of the revolutionary changes which transformed industry, commerce and agriculture at the beginning of the last century, with an account of their reactions on the political and economic condition of the chief European nations. The social problems created by this momentous revolution are discussed in detail, and a historical survey is given of the various attempts to correct the evils of industrialism, on the one hand through state intervention by means of poor laws, factory laws, schemes of social insurance, etc

Studies on exile in the 19th century tend to be restricted to national histories. This volume is the first to offer a broader view by looking at French, Italian, Hungarian, Polish, Czech and German political refugees who fled to England after the European revolutions of 1848/49. The contributors examine various aspects of their lives in exile such as their opportunities for political activities, the forms of political cooperation that existed between exiles from different European countries on the one hand and with organizations and politicians in England on the other and, finally, the attitude of the host country towards the refugees, and their perceptions of the country which had granted them asylum