Suchergebnisse

This article critically examines the claim that EPPO is a proper federal supranational prosecutor. The article observes that the EPPO among policymakers and commentators appears to be a hallmark of the transformation of EU criminal law from an intergovernmental paradigm to a strong federal and supranational polity. The EPPO primarily stands out among other EU agencies by having been conferred with an independent competence to prosecute crimes relating to the common EU financial interest. By establishing the EPPO, the Union has practically assumed such competences that traditionally belong to the central government in a federal state. The article discusses comprehensively the scope, nature and limits to the EPPO's powers as well as its operating structure in light of Article 86 TFEU and the recently adopted EPPO Regulation. It departs from the basic assumption that the EPPO stands in the midst of supranationalism and intergovernmentalism. Whilst the EPPO is envisaged to be independent from the Member States, the EPPO's complicated, multifaceted and vertical structure entails that Member States maintain a certain direction of its activities. It, however, argues that a general assessment of the EPPO's operational and strategic direction (where its operational activities are managed and supervised by centralised 'European' prosecutors), and the type (direct criminal enforcement powers) and nature of its powers (criminal prosecutorial powers) makes it distinctive as the most 'integrated' and 'supranational' EU agency.

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was the first and most celebrated of a wave of international criminal tribunals (ICTs) built in the 1990s designed to advance liberalism through international criminal law. Model(ing) Justice examines the case law of the ICTY to make a novel theoretical analysis of the structural flaws inherent in ICTs as institutions that inhibit their contribution to social peace and prosperity. The book proposes a seminal analysis of the structural challenges to ICTs as socially constitutive institutions, setting the agenda for future considerations of how international organizations can perform and disseminate the goals articulated by political liberalism.

I am going to consider the UN Foreign (Terrorist) Fighter FTF regime
from a different perspective, by exploring how the regime interacts with
both the international law relating to terrorism and international criminal
law. I will to do this by looking first at the definition of terrorism and
then at how the UK Supreme Court approached the issue of terrorism and armed
conflict. In addition, I am going to apply a little prosecutorial pragmatism
to these difficult legal issues, and suggest that we focus on
the crime.

Es vergeht kaum eine Woche, in der die Massenmedien nicht über technische Fortschritte in der Automatisierungstechnik berichten. Dabei geht es um automatisiertes Fahren, automatisierte Fabriken, aber auch um den Einsatz von Automaten und weiterentwickelten autonomen Systemen in der Medizintechnik. Der Verfasser hat es sich zur Aufgabe gemacht, den rechtlichen Rahmen des Einsatzes autonomer Systeme im Krankenhaus zu eruieren und kritisch zu würdigen. Das Werk legt den Fokus dabei auf den Datenschutz und den Schutz von Privatgeheimnissen.Der Band besteht aus vier Teilen: Der erste Teil ist den begrifflichen und technischen Grundlagen der Thematik gewidmet; im zweiten Teil folgt die datenschutzrechtliche Bewertung. Der dritte Teil ist strafrechtlichen Fragestellungen gewidmet. Abschließend folgen zusammenfassende rechtliche und technische Überlegungen zur Haftungsvermeidung.

Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem spektakulären Prozess gegen den gestürzten Diktator Saddam Hussein vor dem Irakischen Hohen Strafgerichtshof. Zum ersten Mal wurde ein irakisches Staatsoberhaupt von seinen eigenen Landesleuten im eigenen Land abgeurteilt. Der Autor betrachtet dieses wichtige Ereignis der Zeitgeschichte aus rechtswissenschaftlicher Perspektive. Er gibt einen juristischen Überblick über den Prozess in allen seinen Ebenen – von der Festnahme Saddam Husseins im Jahr 2003 bis zur Hinrichtung 2006. Dabei prüft der Autor insbesondere, ob die Grundprinzipien des Rechtsstaats und die Errungenschaften der modernen Strafrechtskultur in diesem Gerichtsverfahren respektiert wurden. Die kritische Untersuchung gelangt schließlich zu dem Ergebnis, dass das Todesurteil gegen Saddam Hussein und seine Vollstreckung nicht frei von Rechtsfehlern waren. Das Werk richtet sich nicht nur an Strafrechtler und Wissenschaftler auf dem Gebiet der Juristischen Zeitgeschichte, sondern auch an Historiker und Politologen. Der Autor wurde in Bagdad geboren und hat seine Jugend im Irak verbracht. Seine Familie wurde vom Baath-Regime unter der Führung von Saddam Hussein in die Emigration nach Deutschland gezwungen

According to the basic principle of law, anyone should be considered innocent in law before finding himself guilty by the court. The principle of presumption of innocence is mainly manifested in two aspects: firstly, the accusing party takes the burden of proof. Secondly, it protects the fundamental rights of citizens, especially those suspected of crimes rights of persons and defendants. This research will explore how the state initiates criminal prosecution based on criminal suspicion regarding the basic principle of presumption of innocence. Also, this article illustrates the difference between criminal suspicion and crime and criminal facts, conducts a conceptual analysis of criminal suspicion, and discusses the classification and proof of crime suspicion to describe the three main types of criminal suspicion manifested in procedural law. Firstly, the concept of a criminal suspect has been defined to understand the crime that endangers society and should be punished according to the law. Secondly, the identification and proof of criminal suspect are investigated based on investigative, procedural organs and whether the presumptions about the crime and the perpetrator are correct. Finally, the effect of the criminal suspect in the procedural law has been observed for a free citizen turns from a native person to a criminal is that he has a criminal suspicion, and the investigation and prosecution agency suspects that he has committed a crime. The research has practical implications in the principle of presumption of innocence. It effectively protects the lawsuits of criminal suspects and defendants only by clarifying the difference between criminal suspects and criminal facts but also criminal suspects and criminals at the legislative level and in judicial practice.

WHO stated there was an additional variants of the Corona virus that were more easily transmitted and resistant to vaccines. The Indonesian government required to prevent the entry of these variants into Indonesian territory. This prevention realized by implementing a quarantine policy which guided by Law Number 6 of 2018 on Health Quarantine. However, there is a gap between the number of violations and the low rate of case resolution. One of the causes is people's non-compliance with quarantine provisions after traveling abroad. This contradicted by the purpose of the Health Quarantine Act. This study aims to describe the legality and legal construction of the Health Quarantine Act formulation. This research was a normative juridical by using a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study indicate that violations of the Health Quarantine Act can be punish in order to provide certainty and law enforcement based on the ultimum remedium principle if they meet the provisions of the Health Quarantine Act. Thus, evaluation of legal content related to juridical consequences, and socialization as a persuasive effort and communication strategy need to be carried out so that transparency of legal consequences can be accepted and obeyed by the community.

The need for truth -- The emergence of a right to the truth -- Content of the right to the truth -- The public aspect of the right to the truth -- The right to the truth in different fora -- The Inter-American Court & UNHCR -- The right to the truth at the European Court of Human Rights -- Truth commissions and the right to the truth -- International criminal trials -- The right to the truth and the International Criminal Court.

Legal governance of memory has played a central role in establishing hegemony of monumental history, and has forged national identities and integration processes in Europe and beyond. In this book, a range of contributors explore both the nature and role of legal engagement into historical memory in selected national law, European and international law. They also reflect on potential conflicts between legal governance, political pluralism, and fundamental rights, such as freedom of expression. In recent years, there have been numerous monumental commemoration practices and judicial trials about correlated events all over the world, and this is a prime opportunity to undertake an important global comparative scrutiny of memory laws. Against the background of mass re-writing of history in different parts of the world, this book revisits a fascinating subject of memory laws from the standpoint of comparative law and transitional justice

In this paper, the author primarily deals with an issue of animal protection against unnecessary killing, torture and abuse in the EU law, with specific reference to the Serbian legislation on this issue. Many European countries have introduced into their criminal legislations some legal provisions defining the act of animal killing and abuse as a criminal offense. In order to observe the standards, forms and intensity of state response to men's cruelty to animals, the author will analyze the legal solutions adopted in Germany, France, Italy, Slovenia, Montenegro and Croatia, and compare them with the Serbian legislation. The author has endeavored to provide answers to a number of questions: Are the current legal solutions relevant and sufficient? Does the legal protection include all animals? What is the subject matter of protection: the human being and his/her feelings towards some animals, or an animal itself? Is the prescribed punishment adequate to the social danger stemming from this criminal act? Concurrently, the author has endeavored to point to the possible courses of action which would provide for a more efficient and high-quality protection of animals from unnecessary killing and abuse in the future.

Рассматриваются теоретические вопросы формирования концепции реформирования уголовного закона на современном этапе развития Российской Федерации. В основу разработки концептуальной модели изменения уголовного законодательства положена идея формирования общей системы принципов уголовно-правовой охраны экономической деятельности. Цель работы заключается в обосновании необходимости реформирования уголовного закона на основе достоверной и обоснованной теоретической конструкции, основанной специальным отраслевым законодательством, в том числе на особенностях регулирования охраняемых уголовным правом отношений. Принципы права, являясь базовым понятием в правовой науке, могут быть восприняты законодателем в качестве фундаментальной основы модернизации отдельной правовой отрасли. В работе использованы общенаучные и частные методы исследования, проведен анализ нормативного закрепления термина «правовые принципы» в действующем российском законодательстве. Изучены также основные теоретические подходы к определению термина «принципы права», проведено разграничение со смежным правовыми понятием «правовые принципы», выделены основные признаки системы принципов уголовно-правовой охраны экономической деятельности, предложено авторское определение термина.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)3-11 ; The article considers theoretical problems of formation of the concept of criminal law reforming at the present stage of development of the Russian Federation. The conceptual model of changing criminal legislation is based on the idea of forming of a general system of principles of criminal legal protection of economic activity. The aim of the work is to justify the need to reform the criminal law on the basis of a reliable and well-grounded theoretical structure founded by the specific branch legislation on the features of the regulation of the relations protected by criminal law. The principles of law, being a basic concept in legal science, can be perceived by the legislator as the fundamental basis for the modernization of a separate legal branch. The general scientific and private methods have been used in the work, an analysis has been made of the normative fixing of the term "legal principles" in the current Russian legislation. Also, the main theoretical approaches to the definition of the term "principles of law" were studied, the distinction was made with the adjacent legal concept "legal principles", the main features of the system of principles of criminal legal protection of economic activity, the proposed author's definition of the term were singled out.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)3-11