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Мета статті полягає у визначенні теоретичних основ формування толерантності у майбутніх офіцерів. Для розв'язання поставлених завдань використано комплекс методів дослідження: теоретичні — аналіз, синтез, систематизація, порівняння, моделювання та узагальнення — для опрацювання наукових джерел, з теоретичних основ формування толерантності у майбутніх офіцерів. У статті розглянуто проблему формування толерантності майбутніх офіцерів. Під толерантністю майбутніх офіцерів розуміють професійну якість, яка передбачає сформованість умінь виконувати обов'язки в умовах сучасного військово-поліетнічного середовища, що передбачає повагу й розуміння своїх колег і підлеглих,уміння спілкуватись з ним, знаходити спільну мову. Розглянуто види толерантності: медична, фізіологічна, комунікативна, вікова, освітня, міжкласова, міжкультурна, професійна, управлінська, соціально-економічна, географічна, расова, релігійна, гендерна, політична, сексуальна, маргінальна, міжнаціональна, міжетнічна). Ці види доповнено військово-професійною толерантністю. ; The purpose of the article is to determine the theoretical basis for the formation of tolerance in future officers. A set of research methods was used to solve the set tasks: theoretical − analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, modeling and generalization − to study scientific sources, on the theoretical foundations of tolerance formation in future officers. The article considers the issue of formation of tolerance of future officers. The problem is related to the formation of tolerance in higher education institutions. Tolerance of future officers is understood as a professional quality, which presupposes the formation of skills to perform duties in the modern military-polyethnic environment, which presupposes respect and understanding of colleagues and subordinates, the ability to communicate with them, to find common ground. Types of tolerance are considered: medical, physiological, communicative, age, educational, interclass, intercultural, professional, managerial, socio-economic, geographical, racial, religious, gender, political, sexual, marginal, interethnic, interethnic). These types are complemented by military-professional tolerance, which requires further research. The process is considered on the basis of interdisciplinary connections of humanities and professional disciplines. The peculiarities of the formation of tolerance of future officers are determined: officers take part in hostilities in the east of Ukraine, the situation is especially tense, so mutual understanding between commanders and servicemen is essential because they maintain an atmosphere of mutual trust; there is a need to support servicemen who are facing a combat situation for the first time; future officers must be able to show tolerance in the conditions of carrying out the orders of commanders, observance of military discipline, making decisions that affect the course of hostilities. Prospects for further research are identified: identification of external and internal factors that positively and negatively affect the formation of tolerance (pedagogical and psychological); improving the content of professional disciplines in order to form the tolerance of future officers.

Мета статті полягає у визначенні теоретичних основ формування толерантності у майбутніх офіцерів. Для розв'язання поставлених завдань використано комплекс методів дослідження: теоретичні — аналіз, синтез, систематизація, порівняння, моделювання та узагальнення — для опрацювання наукових джерел, з теоретичних основ формування толерантності у майбутніх офіцерів. У статті розглянуто проблему формування толерантності майбутніх офіцерів. Під толерантністю майбутніх офіцерів розуміють професійну якість, яка передбачає сформованість умінь виконувати обов'язки в умовах сучасного військово-поліетнічного середовища, що передбачає повагу й розуміння своїх колег і підлеглих,уміння спілкуватись з ним, знаходити спільну мову. Розглянуто види толерантності: медична, фізіологічна, комунікативна, вікова, освітня, міжкласова, міжкультурна, професійна, управлінська, соціально-економічна, географічна, расова, релігійна, гендерна, політична, сексуальна, маргінальна, міжнаціональна, міжетнічна). Ці види доповнено військово-професійною толерантністю. ; The purpose of the article is to determine the theoretical basis for the formation of tolerance in future officers. A set of research methods was used to solve the set tasks: theoretical − analysis, synthesis, systematization, comparison, modeling and generalization − to study scientific sources, on the theoretical foundations of tolerance formation in future officers. The article considers the issue of formation of tolerance of future officers. The problem is related to the formation of tolerance in higher education institutions. Tolerance of future officers is understood as a professional quality, which presupposes the formation of skills to perform duties in the modern military-polyethnic environment, which presupposes respect and understanding of colleagues and subordinates, the ability to communicate with them, to find common ground. Types of tolerance are considered: medical, physiological, communicative, age, educational, interclass, intercultural, professional, managerial, socio-economic, geographical, racial, religious, gender, political, sexual, marginal, interethnic, interethnic). These types are complemented by military-professional tolerance, which requires further research. The process is considered on the basis of interdisciplinary connections of humanities and professional disciplines. The peculiarities of the formation of tolerance of future officers are determined: officers take part in hostilities in the east of Ukraine, the situation is especially tense, so mutual understanding between commanders and servicemen is essential because they maintain an atmosphere of mutual trust; there is a need to support servicemen who are facing a combat situation for the first time; future officers must be able to show tolerance in the conditions of carrying out the orders of commanders, observance of military discipline, making decisions that affect the course of hostilities. Prospects for further research are identified: identification of external and internal factors that positively and negatively affect the formation of tolerance (pedagogical and psychological); improving the content of professional disciplines in order to form the tolerance of future officers.

In much of the scholarly literature, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Muslim organization in Indonesia, is recognized as a defender of religious tolerance and pluralism. This is to no small extent the result of how NU has portrayed itself and its actions-including during the 2019 presidential elections, when it professed to have aligned with incumbent president Joko Widodo in order to keep Islamist groups from power. In this article, we analyse the attitudes of NU followers towards religious tolerance and pluralism, and find a significant mismatch between the self-perception of the NU leadership and the actual views held by the NU grassroots. Based on original survey data we show that NU followers are generally as intolerant of religious minorities as the rest of the Indonesian Muslim population, and in some cases, even more intolerant. We argue that this is the result of NU's long-standing prioritization of battling rival Muslim organizations (which it views as threats to its interests) over advancing substantive tolerance campaigns that could change the religio-political attitudes of its constituency

In much of the scholarly literature, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), the largest Muslim organization in Indonesia, is recognized as a defender of religious tolerance and pluralism. This is to no small extent the result of how NU has portrayed itself and its actions—including during the 2019 presidential elections, when it professed to have aligned with incumbent president Joko Widodo in order to keep Islamist groups from power. In this article, we analyse the attitudes of NU followers towards religious tolerance and pluralism, and find a significant mismatch between the self-perception of the NU leadership and the actual views held by the NU grassroots. Based on original survey data, we show that NU followers are generally as intolerant of religious minorities as the rest of the Indonesian Muslim population, and in some cases, even more intolerant. We argue that this is the result of NU's long-standing prioritization of battling rival Muslim organizations (which it views as threats to its interests) over advancing substantive tolerance campaigns that could change the religio-political attitudes of its constituency. (Contemp Southeast Asia/GIGA)

AbstractIn 2006, a "tolerance policy" was launched in St. Petersburg to address the growing xenophobia and the need to integrate labor migrants. Applying a bottom–up perspective, this study finds that this policy was symbolic – aimed at changing public attitudes, not at providing material outcomes. The direct implementers (the street-level bureaucracy), operating under governmental constraints, drew on informal mechanisms: behind-the-scenes negotiations, unwritten rules and hierarchies, personalist power, and ideological cues. Formalized dense reporting, often quantitative, was used to keep low-level implementers in check. The combination of these features rendered the tolerance policy shallow and self-locked. Street-level bureaucracy had to interpret vague policy documents, but lacked the necessary discretionary powers. This gave rise to the kartinka (picture, or image) coping technique. The term describes how all work activities were shaped by the need to demonstrate progress with respect to unwritten rules and ideological dynamics. The article concludes with a discussion of the applicability of the author's findings to the field of nationalities policy in Russia.

In today's scenario, investors' preferences towards different investment avenues depend upon their risk tolerance level and return associated with investment plan. The tolerance level of investors for risk is influenced by many demographic and psychological factors. Personality traits (PTs) are one of the important factors that impact the tolerance levels of investors for risk. Thus, the existing study focuses on whether (a) the direct effect of Big Five PTs on financial risk tolerance (FRT) or (b) PTs as a second-order (higher-order) factor leads to FRT. Data are cross-sectional in nature, which were collected from 599 investors who invested through Angel Broking Co. (Securities co.) in Delhi and the National Capital Region (NCR) by using online structured questionnaire. To examine the strength of the relationship between variables' correlation and regression tests were applied using the structural equation modelling approach. The study found that among Big Five personality dimensions, only agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness are significantly associated with FRT, whereas PTs as a second-order (higher-order) factor have a strong association with FRT of investors. Thus, the PT as a second order is the preferred model. JEL Code: G02

This study explored whether tolerance of sexual harassment of men (TSHM) is driven by a common set of sexist ideologies typically found to be related to tolerance of sexual harassment of women. University students ( N = 433) completed a modified version of the Sexual Harassment Attitude Scale (SHAS) designed to measure TSHM. Predictor variables included sexual harassment myths about women, modern sexism, hostile, and benevolent sexism toward men and women and participant gender. A factor analysis of the measure revealed two reliable factors (sexual harassment as flirtation and minimization of victimization). With the exception of benevolence toward women, men scored higher on all measures of sexism and TSHM, yet correlational patterns showed a similar trend among men and women, suggesting a shared ideological belief that justifies TSHM. Despite differences in participant sex on most measures, participant sex was not a significant moderating variable in regression analyses when examining factors relating to TSHM. These results provide support that tolerance of sexual harassment is driven by a common set of sexist attitudes.

Using a measure designed to capture intolerance on both sides of the political spectrum, I find that opinions favoring the abridgement of free speech rights are overwhelmingly targeted at right-leaning groups, and racist groups in particular. Consistent with recent studies, Democrats are found to be less tolerant than Republicans of speech they dislike. However, contrary to existing findings, the same patterns of intolerance are present for both racist and nonracist target groups. Treating racist groups as an exception to the principle of free expression may have resulted in a spillover to intolerance of other disliked groups.