Suchergebnisse

JAMPERSAL is a government program which is to decrease maternal death and fetal death. Based on first data from the result survey in 5 health volunteer of public hospital at the district Keputih public hospital about JAMPERSAL's knowledge on May 2013 , there was 3 health volunteer who didn't know about JAMPERSAL program. This research is to know the knowledge level of health volunteer about JAMPERSAL after getting a socialization. This research take place at the district of public hospital of Keputih Surabaya.The research design is using descriptif. The population is every health volunteer of public hospital who joined the socialization of JAMPERSAL at the district Keputih public hospital in 2013 are 20 people. This research are taken by using total sampling with one variable is knowledge level. The research data is primary data taken from quesioner which is fill by the repondent.The data will be processed with editing, scoring, coding, tabulating. Then the data will be analized in descriptif, after that it reserved in frequency distribution table and crossed. Then the next step is to explain the result in naratif.The result of this research is from 20 respondent, most of them ( 60% ) have an enough knowledge, (40%) less knowledgeThe conclusion of this research is almost health volunteer who had joined JAMPESAL socialization have an enough knowledge. A public health should be resosialization about JAMPERSAL program for health volunteer by using case study and leaflet.

Scholars have long argued that trade liberalization leads to lower rates of child mortality in developing countries. Yet current scholarship precludes definitive conclusions about the magnitude and direction of this relationship. Here I analyze the impact of trade liberalization on child mortality in 36 low- and middle-income countries, 1963–2005, using the synthetic control method. I test the hypothesis that trade liberalization leads to lower rates of child mortality, examine whether this association varies between countries and over time, and explore the potentially modifying role of democratic politics, historical context, and geographic location on the magnitude and direction of this relationship. My analysis shows that, on average, trade liberalization had no impact on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries between 1963 and 2005 (Average effect (AE): −0.15%; 95% CI: −2.04%–2.18%). Yet the scale, direction and statistical significance of this association varied markedly, ranging from a ∼20% reduction in child mortality in Uruguay to a ∼20% increase in the Philippines compared with synthetic controls. Trade liberalization was also followed by the largest declines in child mortality in democracies (AE 10-years post reform (AE10): −3.28%), in Latin America (AE10: −4.15%) and in the 1970s (AE10: −6.85%). My findings show that trade liberalization can create an opportunity for reducing rates of child mortality, but its effects cannot be guaranteed. Inclusive and pro-growth contextual factors appear to influence whether trade liberalization actually yields beneficial consequences in developing societies.

На підставі останніх досліджень український плакат Другої світової війни розглядається як цілісне художнє явище, що існує у контексті радянського плаката зазначеного періоду. Візуально-пластична мова українського плаката війни 1939–1945 років досліджується у комунікативному і художньому аспектах та аналізується з огляду на формотворчі засади попередніх мистецьких періодів 20–30-х років ХХ століття. Політичний плакат розглядається як рекламний носій ідеологічного режиму, визначається його рекламна сутність. ; Based on the results of recent research, we consider the Ukrainian poster of World War II as a complex artistic phenomenon existing in the context of the Soviet poster of that period. The visual language of the Ukrainian poster of the times of the war of 1939– 1945 is studied in communicative and artistic aspects and is analyzed taking into account the principles of the previous art periods of the 1920s and 1930s. The political poster is considered as advertising of an ideological mode and its influence on a society. ; Опираясь на результаты последних исследований, автор рассматривает украинский плакат Второй мировой войны как целостное художественное явление, существующее в контексте советского плаката указанного периода. Визуально-пластический язык украинского плаката времен войны 1939–1945 годов исследуется в коммуникативном и художественном аспектах и анализируется с учетом формообразующих принципов предыдущих художественных периодов 20–30-х годов ХХ века. Политический плакат рассматривается как рекламный носитель идеологического режима, определяется его рекламная сущность.

The number of mixed cropland&mdash ; apple orchard system has gradually increased in the Changwu Tableland region of the Loess Plateau, China. However, the soil water content (SWC) is not sufficient to maintain the sustainable development of apple trees in this agroforestry system. It is unclear whether the growing fruit trees would compete with crops for soil water. To systematically analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of soil moisture and to understand the effect of orchard hydrology in that cropland, the SWC was measured at different depths at different locations on cropland and in an apple orchard. The results show that: (1) The SWC of each soil layer in the cropland (0&ndash ; 20, 20&ndash ; 60, 60&ndash ; 100, 100&ndash ; 200, 200&ndash ; 300 cm) is higher than that of the orchard. The soil moisture changes dramatically in the 0&ndash ; 200 cm soil layer. (2) As the soil moisture monitoring distance from the apple orchard increases, the SWC gradually increases, the loss of soil water storage gradually decreases, and the drying effect gradually disappears. This is related to the different distribution ranges of the roots of apple trees and crops. Therefore, the government should control the proportion of the orchard and cropland, and then adjust the planting period of the orchard in the appropriate range to keep the green use of water in the region.

Introduction: Globally at least 20 million children under the age of 5 years were estimated to be overweight in the year 2005 and studies on childhood obesity prevalence of obesity ranging from 5% to 20% in various settings. Objectives of the study: The main objective of this study was to analyze the family-based factors associated with overweight and obesity. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Government and private schools of Lahore during 2017 to 2018. A stratified, multistage cluster sample of 1860 children aged five to twelve years in twelve primary schools of City District Lahore was enrolled. The sampling design has been used previously in nutritional assessment surveys. Results: Children whose parents were having college (23%) or higher (29%) education had significantly higher risk of being overweight and obese (P < 0.001) as compared to children whose parents were illiterate (3%) and educated up to high school (10%). Overweight and obesity were significantly higher among children with parents having higher education among both boys and girls (both P < 0.001). Children whose both parents were working (22.5%) were significantly more likely to be overweight and obese (P = 0.002) than those whose mother was a housewife (15.5%). Conclusion: It is concluded that family-based factors were significantly associated with overweight and obesity among school-aged children in Pakistan. Obesity prevalence was highest among boys, children living with middle-income families and those in the younger age groups.

National development will be well implemented only on a nation with educated people and guaranteed human rights, even further, education is the main crutch in human rights enforcement. However, Indonesia was ranked by PISA as 10 worst of education system from 76 countries, that means alteration of national education system is needed. Considering Indonesia stands before thousands of island and diverse of cultures and religions, the people requires adequate education about the character of their community and their local excellence. The purpose of that should be implemented clearly when look into the current codition of Indonesia, such as urbanization without the decent education from rural society who affect a high social gap. Those things will hamper the national development. The Law No. 20 of 2003 has regulated local content that can increase the education implementation based on local excellence, but the lessons of local content is not different with another lessons that students learn in the class room. Education can't be interpreted as limited as education which "institutionalized" that take shelter inside the classroom because education is far more than that. Good education should be the core concern of government in order to maximize Indonesia's national development and capability in global economic.This paper offers to evolve local content in Law No. 20 of 2003 so the people of Indonesia can compete with other countries in facing AEC. The research method that used for this paper is normative-juridical.

Transportation accounts for more than 20% of the total Greenouse Gas (GHG) emissions in Canada. Switching from fossil fuels to more environmentally friendly energy sources and to Zero-Emission Vehicles (ZEVs) is a promising option for future transportation but well to wheel emission and charging/refuelling patterns must also be considered. This paper investigates the barriers to and opportunities for electric charging and hydrogen refueling infrastructure incentives in Ontario, Canada and estimates the number of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEVs) that would be offset by infrastructure incentives. The paper also assesses the potential of electric and hybrid-electric powertrains to enable GHG reductions, explores the impact of the electricity supply mix for supporting zero-emission vehicles in different scenarios and studies the effect of the utility factor for PHEVs in Ontario. The authors compare the use of electric vehicle charging infrastructures and hydrogen refueling stations regarding overall GHG emission reductions for an infrastructure incentive funded by a 20-million-dollar government grant. The results suggest that this incentive can provide infrastructure that can offset around 9000 ICEVs vehicles using electricity charging infrastructure and 4000&ndash ; 8700 when using hydrogen refuelling stations. Having appropriate limitations and policy considerations for the potential 1.7 million electric-based vehicles that may be in use by 2024 in Ontario would result in 5&ndash ; 7 million tonne GHG avoidances in different scenarios, equivalent to the removal of 1&ndash ; 1.5 million ICEVs from the road.

This study analyses audiovisual politeness in political interviews of the four major candidates for Spanish prime minister in the December 20, 2015 elections, to wit: Mariano Rajoy, Pedro Sánchez, Pablo Iglesias and Albert Rivera. We analyse quantitative data related to specific narrative elements including staging, insertion of audiovisual elements and the building and fracturing of discourse, among other things. In short, we have tried to collect data on the audiovisual discourse structure employed and its impact on the resulting political discourse. The results show that the audiovisual coverage afforded the four candidates by those who control the audiovisual discourse is not homogeneous. ; Esta investigación aborda el análisis de la cortesía audiovisual en la realización de la entrevista televisiva de los cuatro principales candidatos a la presidencia del Gobierno de España para las elecciones del 20 de diciembre de 2015, Mariano Rajoy, Pedro Sánchez, Pablo Iglesias y Albert Rivera. En este caso se analizan datos cuantitativos sobre el tratamiento a través de elementos narrativos como la puesta en escena, la inserción de elementos audiovisuales, la composición y la fractura del relato, en definitiva extraer datos sobre la estructura discursiva audiovisual y su incidencia en el relato político obtenido. Los resultados descubren que el tratamiento audiovisual otorgado a cada líder político no es homogéneo por quienes ejercen el control del discurso audiovisual.

Recycled Aggregates (RA) from structural precast elements and the performance of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) containing RA in percentage substitutions of 20%, 50% and 100% are described in this paper. Three Control Concretes (CC-30, CC-37.5, CC-45) manufactured with Natural Aggregates (NA), and their corresponding Recycled Aggregate Concretes (RAC-20, RAC-50, RAC-100) are evaluated in terms of physical and mechanical properties. The in-fresh properties results (flowability, viscosity and passing ability) of the RAC were suitable for their use as SSC. Furthermore, the tests of compressive, splitting tensile and flexural strength, as well as density, porosity, water absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity, stiffness, and both dynamic and static modulus provided results close to those of the SCC with NA, and in compliance with the requirements of current regulations. The recycling process that takes place in the precast factory supposes an economical improvement and an important contribution to global sustainability, in accordance with the concept of the circular economy. ; The authors wish to express their gratitude for having contributed to the financing of this research to: Junta de Castilla y León (Regional Government) for funding UIC-231 through project BU119P17; MINECO for funding through project BIA2014-55576-C2-1-R; and FEDER (European Regional Development Funds). Moreover, we are grateful to the precast concrete company Artepref for having collaborated with the present research work.

"E s gracias a la existencia del monstruo que las identidades y los cuerpos normales pueden definirse y comprenderse" (p. 20), esta cita resume el sentido central de la obra elaborada por Daniel J. García titulada Rara Avis. Una teoría queer impolítica (2016) . Nos encontramos frente a un escrito de gran complejidad que viaja entre la reflexión filosófica, el discurso jurídico, el manifiesto político y la narración estética. A través de este elaborado entramado de disciplinas García revela como la modernidad crea a sus propios monstruos, seres que mezclan la sanción jurídica con lo biológico en un sistema en el que solamente unos pocos podrán participar del sueño luminoso de la razón. ; 'It is thanks to the existence of the monster that identities and normal bodies can be defined and understood' (p. 20). The quote represents the meaning of the work by Daniel J. García, entitled Rara Avis. Una teoría queer impolítica (2016) ['Rara Avis. An impolitic queer theory']. It is a highly complex piece of writing halfway between a philosophical reflection, a legal discourse, a political manifesto and an aesthetic narration. From this elaborate intersection of disciplines García reveals how modernity creates its own monsters, beings who mix together biological aspects and legal sanctions in a system where only a few will be allowed to join the enlightened dream of reason.

The goal of this article is to describe the relationship that evangelicals have built with politicians and the politics of Chile in the last 20 years. As the methodological approach, we focus on a strategy of case study. We perform a systematization and analysis of secondary sources (journalistic notes of secular and denominational media, web sites, specialized bibliography, and personal files). The main results of the article are: a re-politicization of the evangelical world from 1999; permanent political conflicts between metropolitan evangelical leaders which are generalized to the whole national evangelical spectrum; politicization of the myth of the freedom of conscience and the politicization foundational myth "Chile for Christ". ; El objetivo de este artículo es describir la relación que los evangélicos han construido con los políticos y la política chilena en los últimos 20 años. Para el abordaje metodológico, recurrimos a la estrategia de estudio de caso. Realizamos un relevamiento, sistematización y análisis de fuentes secundarias (notas periodísticas de medios seculares y confesionales, páginas web, bibliografía especializadas y archivos personales). Los principales resultados del artículo son: una repolitización del mundo evangélico a partir de 1999; permanentes conflictos políticos entre líderes evangélicos metropolitanos, los cuales son generalizados a todo el espectro evangélico nacional; politización del mito de la libertad de conciencia y la politización mito fundacional "Chile para Cristo".

Scholars have long argued that trade liberalization leads to lower rates of child mortality in developing countries. Yet current scholarship precludes definitive conclusions about the magnitude and direction of this relationship. Here I analyze the impact of trade liberalization on child mortality in 36 low- and middle-income countries, 1963-2005, using the synthetic control method. I test the hypothesis that trade liberalization leads to lower rates of child mortality, examine whether this association varies between countries and over time, and explore the potentially modifying role of democratic politics, historical context, and geographic location on the magnitude and direction of this relationship. My analysis shows that, on average, trade liberalization had no impact on child mortality in low- and middle-income countries between 1963 and 2005 (Average effect (AE): -0.15%; 95% CI: -2.04% to 2.18%). Yet the scale, direction and statistical significance of this association varied markedly, ranging from a ~20% reduction in child mortality in Uruguay to a ~20% increase in the Philippines compared with synthetic controls. Trade liberalization was also followed by the largest declines in child mortality in democracies (AE 10-years post reform (AE10): -3.28%), in Latin America (AE10: -4.15%) and in the 1970s (AE10: -6.85%). My findings show that trade liberalization can create an opportunity for reducing rates of child mortality, but its effects cannot be guaranteed. Inclusive and pro-growth contextual factors appear to influence whether trade liberalization actually yields beneficial consequences in developing societies.

На підставі останніх досліджень український плакат Другої світової війни розглядається як цілісне художнє явище, що існує у контексті радянського плаката зазначеного періоду. Візуально-пластична мова українського плаката війни 1939–1945 років досліджується у комунікативному і художньому аспектах та аналізується з огляду на формотворчі засади попередніх мистецьких періодів 20–30-х років ХХ століття. Політичний плакат розглядається як рекламний носій ідеологічного режиму, визначається його рекламна сутність. ; Based on the results of recent research, we consider the Ukrainian poster of World War II as a complex artistic phenomenon existing in the context of the Soviet poster of that period. The visual language of the Ukrainian poster of the times of the war of 1939– 1945 is studied in communicative and artistic aspects and is analyzed taking into account the principles of the previous art periods of the 1920s and 1930s. The political poster is considered as advertising of an ideological mode and its influence on a society. ; Опираясь на результаты последних исследований, автор рассматривает украинский плакат Второй мировой войны как целостное художественное явление, существующее в контексте советского плаката указанного периода. Визуально-пластический язык украинского плаката времен войны 1939–1945 годов исследуется в коммуникативном и художественном аспектах и анализируется с учетом формообразующих принципов предыдущих художественных периодов 20–30-х годов ХХ века. Политический плакат рассматривается как рекламный носитель идеологического режима, определяется его рекламная сущность.

In this study it was aimed to determine the parents' opinions on the requiredqualifications for students' happiness in school. This study was designed as aqualitative research design. Study group consists 20 parents. A semi-structuredgrid form was used as a data collection tool. The main-themes for schoolqualifications were physical equipment, learning environment, schoolenvironment, teacher qualifications, communication and collaboration, learningactivities, social activities, school management, and education policy. Theparticipants' views focused on hygienic school environment, fair assessment, jobenthusiasm of teachers, and the appealing school. In addition, school-parentcooperation should be increased, learning activities should be compatible withtalent, and social activities should be sufficient for school happiness. Schooladministrators should have leadership skills and school education should becontinued based on democracy and laicism. ; Bu araştırmada veli görüşlerine göre çocukların mutluluğu için gerekli okulun niteliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenindedir. Çalışma grubu 20 veliden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış grid formu kullanılmıştır. Okul niteliklerine ilişkin ana temalar fiziksel donanım, öğrenme ortamı, okul ortamı, öğretmen nitelikleri, iletişim ve işbirliği, öğrenme etkinlikleri, sosyal etkinlikler, okul yönetimi ve eğitim politikası şeklindedir. Katılımcılar, öğrencilerin mutluluğu için okulun hijyenik, değerlendirmenin adil, öğretmenlerin mesleğine düşkün ve okulun bir cazibe merkezi olması gerektiği şeklinde görüş belirtmektedir. Okul-veli işbirliği artırılmalı, öğrenme etkinlikleri öğrencilerin yetenekleriyle uyumlu olmalı ve yeterli sosyal etkinliklere yer verilmelidir. Okul müdürleri liderlik becerilerine sahip olmalı ve eğitim demokrasi ve laiklik temelinde sürdürülmelidir.

Wasps of the genus Polistes (Vespidae: Polistinae) are eusocial, considered valuable biological control agents. The objective of this work was to determine the resources collected by Polistes canadensis wasps, evaluate their performance and importance as a natural enemy and possible agent of biological control in the Brazilian Amazon. Between 8 October and 20 November of 2014, 20 evaluations were performed, totalizing 101 hours of observations of the foraging activity of an aggregation out in stage of development post-emergence with approximately 50 adult individuals distributed in 15 colonies. Additionally, observations of the predatory activity of Polistes canadensis on Plutella xylostella on a small organic plantation of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC), were also made. During the evaluations 1742 returns were recorded, 11.72% of them with prey, 3.10% with plant fiber, 16.76% with nectar, 45.17% with water and 23.25% without any visible load. All the preys identified were classified as Lepidoptera, belonging to ten morphospecies. Only one morphospecies was identified as Spodoptera frugiperda, which was the most commonly resource used by the wasps in 37 % in immature feeding. Only returns with nectar had statistically significant difference between the evaluated schedules. Polistes canadensis wasps did not prey Plutella xylostella caterpillars. The wasp aggregation studied was able to prey an average of 10.2 caterpillars per day, which demonstrates the potential of this species for the biological control of pests in the Amazon region.