Suchergebnisse

"The executive pay model used widely in the United States is essential both to the continued success of companies and to the U.S. economy itself. The successful application of this model, which is built on the foundation of pay-for-performance, has helped create an economic juggernaut, resulting in trillions of dollars of wealth for shareholders and substantial income and net worth for millions of corporate employees and their families. High executive pay simply reflects the strong demand for top talent and can only be evaluated with consideration of the performance that leads to high pay. Yet, myths of a failed model still abound, perpetuated by occasional excesses, recent corporate scandals, and controversy over the use of stock options

Anforderungen an Führungskräfte der Wirtschaft und ihr beruflicher
Werdegang.

Themen: Ausbildungsgang und Berufsweg; Tätigkeitsbereiche im jetzigen
Unternehmen und an früheren Arbeitsplätzen; Stellung im Betrieb;
Berufsbild; Grad der Verbundenheit mit der Firma; Arbeitszufriedenheit;
Vorhandensein von Organisationsplan und Arbeitsplatzbeschreibung;
perzipierte Aufstiegschancen; Kenntnis des Gehalts von Kollegen,
Vorgesetzten und Untergebenen; Kriterien der Arbeitsplatzwahl und
Situation am Arbeitsmarkt beim letzten Stellenwechsel; Einflüsse der
sozialen Umwelt beim Wechsel des Arbeitsplatzes; berufliche
Möglichkeiten im Bereich des Wohnortes; Kriterien für Berufserfolg;
Dauer der Einarbeitungszeit; Lesen von Fachliteratur und eigene
Veröffentlichungen; Teilnahme an beruflichen
Weiterbildungsveranstaltungen; berufliche Tätigkeiten im Ausland;
Einstellung zum psychologischen Test als Instrument der Bewerberauslese
für Führungspositionen; Mitgliedschaft in einem Berufsverband; eigene
Schulnoten; Einstellung zu einer leistungsorientierten Kindererziehung;
Erziehungsziele; soziale Herkunft.

Von den Befragten wurden darüber hinaus Aufzeichnungen über eine
Selbstbeobachtung gemacht, in denen an mehreren Tagen die wichtigsten
Tätigkeiten detailliert nach Zeitaufwand, Art der Tätigkeit,
Interaktionspartner, erforderlichen Kenntnissen usw. beschrieben
wurden.

Demographie: Alter; Geschlecht; Alter und Anzahl der Geschwister;
Stellung in der Geschwisterreihe; Schulbildung; Berufsausbildung;
Beruf; Berufslaufbahn; Einkommen; Wohnsituation; regionale Herkunft.

Public international law, through its rules regulating the dealings between independent nations, purports to impose limits on the actions of all governments, including those of the United States. In this context American lawyers interested in foreign relations may reasonably wonder whether American courts would enforce rules of public international law purporting to bind the United States against the United States government, particularly the executive branch. A fair number of Supreme Court cases have dealt with the enforce ability of treaties in American courts.' Treaties, however, are only one source of international law. The other important source, customary international law, is neither expressly mentioned in the Constitution nor much discussed in Supreme Court cases. Customary international law also differs in important respects from treaties. Treaties are by necessity purely consensual arrangements between the parties. Rules of customary law, as the definition implies, are matters of general practice that can come into existence if a practice can fairly be labelled "general." Thus, a state that did not actively participate in the practice that culminated in the creation of a rule could find itself bound by the rule anyway, at least if that state did not actively dissent during the period of the rule's gestation. Recently, the question whether the federal courts have the authority to compel the President to adhere to rules of customary international law has drawn comment from writers interested in the subject. Some have taken the position that the courts in fact possess such authority, at least when Congress has not by statute established for the United States a rule different from that which international law would apply to the issue in question.' According to these writers, one withstanding to complain of a contemplated presidential action that would violate customary international law should be able to obtain from a federal court an injunction forbidding the action. For example, some have suggested that ...