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Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Towards a Politics of Literature in Foucault -- 3 Literature, Subject and Veridiction -- 4 Tragedy and Historical Event -- 5 Foucault and Literary Theory in the 21st Century -- 6 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Index

AbstractThe report of the panel on "Science and Logistics" of the Fifth Annual Logistics Research Conference is summarized by its chairman.

The argument is advanced that the concept of "scientific socialism" used by Marx is an imposed category. It is a phrase used by Engels & later by Marxists. Different claims concerning Marx's attitude to natural science are presented. The idea that for Marx the truths of natural science are far from providing any model for truths about society is emphasized. The reasons are given why Marx always identified himself as a communist before the Paris Commune. It is emphasized that distinction between socialism ('scientific' or not) & communism that Marx outlined in the Manifesto was maintained throughout Marx's later historical writings. The reason why the word 'socialism' which occurs in Capital in a derogatory sense began later to undergo different meaning for Marx is explained. Marx's approach to science & the difference between his views & those of Comte & Engels on the interaction of forces to relations of production are shown. It is emphasized that even though the relationship of forces to relations of production is of paramount importance to Marx for the study of any known society, Marx did not proceed from this to maintain that the procedure of abstracting a general "law" was a characteristic of scientific method. The idea that Marx's analyses of society do not subordinate society to permanent laws because society is seen by Marx as being in transition is advanced. Marx's approach to the word 'science' as contrasted with the statements of other philosophers is shown. G. Briskin.

Abstract
This paper proposes a systematic literature review on ethics and CoviD-19, aiming to understand the impact and the perception of the pandemic during the first wave (January-June 2020) and the consequences one year later.
PubMed was systematically searched up May 2020 to identify studies that took into consideration various ethical issues that have been arising from the Covid-19 outbreak. The eligibility of the papers was determined by two authors, who screened the results mediated by a third author. In order to facilitate the screening, the titles were divided into five sub-thematic macro-areas, namely allocation, policy, specialist, clinical trials, and technology and, when possible, per geographical area. Specifically, a posteriori, we decided to focus on the papers referring to policies and technology, as they highlighted ethical issues that are not overused and worthy of particular attention.
Thus, 38 studies out of 233 met our inclusion criteria and were fully analysed. Accordingly, this review touches on themes such as fairness, equity, transparency of information, the duty of care, racial disparities, the marginalisation of the poor, and privacy and ethical concerns.
Overall, it was found that despite the increased awareness of interdisciplinarity and the essential reference to ethics, many scientific articles use it with little competence, considering it only a "humanitarian" enrichment. In fact, as we understand, reflecting a year after the outbreak of the pandemic, although Covid-19 is leading scientists to increasingly recognise the importance of ethical issues, there is still a lot of confusion that could be helped by establishing international guidelines to act as a moral compass in times of crisis.

In Ireland, the Great Famine of the 1840s caused not only hunger and starvation, but also diseases, emigration, and a rupture in the social framework. Many social critics of the time argued that a lack of food came from an imbalance in society between those who could afford to eat and those who could not. Hunger was described as a disease because British colonial society depended on feeding citizens from its economic and political menu. Irish people under British landlords lacked the ability to own land outright and this supported an inequality in land ownership that in turn affected government representation. Irish history shows how a society that keeps a nation hungry also controls what there is to consume. The State needs citizens to buy what it is selling, because economically that's how the cycle of consumption continues.

The Chinese Literary Revolution of 1917, origi nally concerned with the problem of replacing the classical lan guage with the living language of the people as a medium for written communication, introduced a period of rapid change and experimentation in Chinese literature. During the 1920's and 1930's, political as well as literary issues were involved in the debates over literary theory and practice. Nationalism and realism were dominant themes, and left-wing influence grew steadily. The Chinese Communist approach to literature, specifically defined by Mao Tse-tung in 1942, was translated into a nationwide program for the writers with the Communist victory in 1949. Since then, "socialist realism" has been the guiding principle for all writing although Communist policy has selectively accepted certain segments of the Chinese literary heritage which meet their political criteria. While the wide spread use of new forms, techniques, and emphases resulting from the Western impact on China has been a notable feature of modern literature, nevertheless the element of "realism" has definite historical antecedents in Chinese literary history. Thus both continuity and radical change have been present in the stream of modern Chinese literature.

A methodology of the human studies needs to settle the conflict between the two long-established truth-seeking approaches. To be scientific, like physics, promises system, precision, and practical applicability but ignores the significant peculiarity of the subject matter: People talk. Hermeneutics, the methodology of interpretation, confronts the difficulties of understanding what people mean, but is suspected of lacking rigor. However, the two approaches are not exclusive alternatives. Sharing common procedures, such as classification and deduction, they also supplement each other: Interpretation depends on factual evidence and scientific objectivity depends on reliable communication. Successful research needs to combine scientific study of facts with methodical interpretation of meaning.

The question posed by this text is: can we use Levinasian ethics in the field
of literary studies? In order to provide the answer, Levinas?s attitude
toward art will need to be analyzed. His work contains numerous scattered
remarks about literature and other arts, but the most explicit statement on
the relationship between art and ethics can be found in his essay ?Reality
and Its Shadow?. Since Levinas?s view on art in this essay is predominantly
negative, it poses a significant problem for the application of his theory
in the field of literary studies. In order to overcome this difficulty, I
use Blanchot?s reworking of Levinasian ethics, and open the possibility of a
different relation between literature and ethics than the one originally
suggested by Levinas.