Suchergebnisse

Darba autore izvēlējās sava maģistra darba tēmu "Saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpildes regulējuma problēmas". Šī maģistra darba mērķis ir izpētīt saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpildes regulējumu Latvijā, analizēt pamatproblēmas un sniegt priekšlikumus to risinājumam. Izstrādājot maģistra darbu Darba autore konstatēja un analizēja galvenos saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpildes problēmjautājumus gan normatīvajā regulējumā, gan praksē. Izpētes rezultātā darba autore ieguva priekšstatu par nepieciešamajiem grozījumiem Civilprocesa likumā. Darba autore izanalizēja saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpildes regulējumu spēkā esošajā Civilprocesa likumā un tā attīstību Latvijā, konstatēja galvenos problēmjautājumus un piedāvā grozījumus Civilprocesa likumā. Saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpildes kārtība regulēta Civilprocesa likuma 50.nodaļā un tika ieviesta, lai nodrošinātu ātru un vienkāršotu saistību izpildi, kurās nav strīda. Atslēgas vārdi: saistību bezstrīdus piespiedu izpilde ; The main purpose of this Master thesis is to analyze the main problems related to the undisputed compulsory execution of obligations. While working on this Master thesis author met with the errors made by legislator, and with the problems in practice. In the result of this Master thesis author defined the necessary improvements and revisions, which should be made in the existing Civil Procedure Law. Based on this, author made detailed analyze of the existing Civil Procedure Law and its further development in Latvian Republic, and have developed and offered own amendments to existing Civil Procedure Law. Generally undisputed compulsory execution of obligations, as it is defined in Civil Procedure Law Article 50, has been developed for the purpose to make more quick and simplified debt collection process Keywords: Undisputed compulsory execution of obligations

Darbā "Puses, to tiesības un pienākumi civilprocesā" autores uzmanība tiek veltīta prasītāja un atbildētāja procesuālajām tiesībām trīs aspektos – informētības, tiesībām uz pierādījumu iesniegšanu un pārsūdzības iespējām, kā arī autore analizē tieši prasītāja un atbildētāja atsevišķās tiesības, jo prasītāja un atbildētāja procesuālo tiesību problēmu risināšanai ir visnotaļ aktuālā jautājuma nozīmība arī mūsdienu likumdošanā un tiesu praksē. Autore darba gaitā secinājusi, ka nepieciešams ieviest obligātu zvērinātu advokātu vai kvalificētu juristu pārstāvību tiesās, kā arī tiesām dot lielākas pilnvaras attiecībā uz pierādījumu iesniegšanu un pieprasīšanu, lai atrisinātu lietas izskatīšanu vairāku gadu garumā. Nepieciešamas izmainīt dokumentu nosūtīšanu un nodošanu, kā arī atbildētāja pienākumu apjoma palielināšanu. ; In her paper "The parties, their rights and obligations in civil proceedings" the author focuses on three aspects of procedural rights of plaintiffs and defendants — awareness, right to evidence and possibility of appeal; the author directly analyzes individual rights of plaintiffs and defendants since the problem solution of procedural rights given to plaintiffs and defendants is the issue at stake in today's legislation and the case law. In the course of the paper development the author has concluded that it would be necessary to introduce mandatory sworn advocate or qualified lawyer representation in courts, and the courts should be given more authority as regards the submission and request of evidence in order to facilitate the hearing that takes years. Also, it is necessary to change the document dispatch and delivery as well as to increase the scope of respondent's obligations.

The objective of the research of connection between national interests and
the security policy of the European Union is to perceive the possibilities of
the Balkan states to preserve their identity and achieve their vital and
permanent national interests by their membership in the European Union.
According to the author, the implementation of the security policy of
European Union is often opposite to one?s own national interests. However, a
pragmatic question for political leaders is how to resolve the following
dilemma: ?is the created european security identity more important at the
moment than the preservation of immediate or some permanent national
interests?? The author points to the fact that the notion of national
interests is a variable both historically and theoretically. Political,
economic, security and other objectives determine vital national interests in
some historical periods. At the same time, not rarely, some states alter
their strategies and objectives for their own interests assessing whether the
conditions prevailing in the internal and external surroundings have changed.
The author devotes special attention to a comparative analysis of defining,
determining and conceptual determination of national interests from the
aspect of national security policies of some important states and the
European Union. The second part of the article contains an analysis of the
response of a group of Macedonian experts to the questions pertaining to the
possibility of preserving and achieving of national interests of the Republic
of Macedonia through its membership in the European Union.

В предлагаемой статье анализируется значимость конфликтов в условиях демократического политического порядка. Феномен демокра тии автор относит к разряду вечных тем, поскольку существует перманентное противоречие между демократией реальной и демократией идеальной. Автор утверждает, что становле ние любого государства априори сопровождается политическим процессами высокого уровня противоречивости и конфликтности. Уровень концентрации конфликта в политической сфере значительно превосходит соперничество в иных сферах, поскольку желанный приз для конфлик тующих сторон в политике это – власть. Функционирование демократического государства не является исключением из правил. По мнению автора, институционализация политических кон фликтов, как стратегия управления политическими конфликтами, основанная на признании ле гитимности регулируемых конфликтов, «правил игры» и норм конфликтного поведения, является отличительной чертой и одним из важнейших условий демократизации государства. ; The paper dwells upon the significance of conflicts in the context of democratic political order. The author treats the phenomenon of democracy as an eternal topic, as far as there is a permanent contradiction between real and ideal democracy. The author states that formation of any state is a priori accompanied by political processes characterized by high level of inconsistency and proneness to conflict. Concentration of conflicts in political sphere surpasses competition in any other sphere, as long as much-coveted prize in politics is authority. Functioning of the democratic state is not an exception. According to the author, institutionalization of political conflicts as a strategy of their management, based on recognition of legitimacy of the conflicts, rules and norms of conflict behavior, is one of the distinguishing features and conditions of democratization of state.

This paper explores the assessment of creativity in the Norwegian school subject Art and Crafts. Creativity, or its sibling, originality is frequently used as an assessment criterion in assignments given to pupils at the level of lower secondary education. Written assessment criteria contribute to the public face of the subject, revealing core values to pupils, parents, headmasters and politicians. I have studied the assessment repertoire of teachers when negotiating final grades and legitimising their assessment practice in interviews.The teachers struggle to find words to describe what makes pupils' design creative or original. Creativity seems to be something that just happens or not. Some pupils come up with design solutions that fit the teachers' specifications; others remain frustrated and have to ask for the teacher's help, which they know from previous experience will lower their grade. The teachers find themselves caught in an educational trap: If they aid the pupils, they could end up assessing their own ideas. Without help, some of the pupils would not proceed from the drawing table to the making of objects. In this, I identify a paradox: one of the subject's undisputed diamonds, creativity, has a weak link between learning and assessment ; Copyright © 2013. Copyright in each paper on this conference proceedings is the property of the author(s). Permission is granted to reproduce copies of these works for purposes relevant to the above conference, provided that the author(s), source and copyright notice are included on each copy. For other uses, including extended quotation, please contact the author(s).

Background: Many university departments use students' evaluations of teaching (SET) to compare and rank courses. However, absenteeism from class is often nonrandom and, therefore, SET for different courses might not be comparable. Objective: The present study aims to answer two questions. Are SET positively biased due to absenteeism? Do procedures, which adjust for absenteeism, change course rankings? Research Design: The author discusses the problem from a missing data perspective and present empirical results from regression models to determine which factors are simultaneously associated with students' class attendance and course ratings. In order to determine the extent of these biases, the author then corrects average ratings for students' absenteeism and inspect changes in course rankings resulting from this adjustment. Subjects: The author analyzes SET data on the individual level. One or more course ratings are available for each student. Measures: Individual course ratings and absenteeism served as the key outcomes. Results: Absenteeism decreases with rising teaching quality. Furthermore, both factors are systematically related to student and course attributes. Weighting students' ratings by actual absenteeism leads to mostly small changes in ranks, which follow a power law. Only a few, average courses are disproportionally influenced by the adjustment. Weighting by predicted absenteeism leads to very small changes in ranks. Again, average courses are more strongly affected than courses of very high or low in quality. Conclusions: No-shows bias course ratings and rankings. SET are more appropriate to identify high- and low-quality courses than to determine the exact ranks of average courses.

This article analyses the military and tactical training of the members of the Lithuanian Riflemen's Union for guerrilla warfare in the interwar period. Small nations, such as Lithuania and other Baltic states, being unable to build up military strength in order to ensure national security, were forced to seek for unconventional methods of warfare, including guerrilla strategies. The study places emphasis on the development of the guerrilla war concept in the Union periodicals. The author retraces a change in the intensity of the guerrilla warfare concept propagation amongst Lithuanian population and riflemen, in particular, through publications in the Trimitas — a periodical of the Lithuanian Riflemen's Union. The author also identifies the narratives associated with the guerrilla matters employed for propaganda purposes in order to create an image of a guerrilla as a defender of the Homeland — Lithuania. Additionally, the structure and numbers of the Union are analysed through a comparison with similar organisations of the other «small nations» of the Baltic North-East. The author addresses the issue of military missions planned by the Lithuanian Army, as well as the way riflemen implemented them. Since the Union did not only offer military training, but was also engaged in the patriotic propaganda, the article focuses on the network of cultural institutions, homes of riflemen, orchestras, libraries, choirs, and athletic clubs used by the Union. The article sets out to establish whether the loss of Lithuanian sovereignty could have been possible without giving rise to a protracted guerrilla war.

Maģistra darbā tiek analizēti Eiropas Savienības fondu ieguldījumi transporta infrastruktūrā un to ietekme uz Latvijas ekonomiku. Maģistra darba mērķis ir izpētīt Eiropas Ssavienības fondu ieguldījumus transporta infrastruktūrā, noteikt to ietekmi uz Latvijas ekonomiku un sniegt priekšlikumu labākai Eiropas Savienības fondu izmantošanai, kā arī veikt nākotnes prognožu modelēšanu. Autors apskata investīciju ietekmi un transporta investīciju ietekmi uz valsts ekonomisko izaugsmi. Maģistra darbā veiktā pētījuma rezultātā autors nonāca pie secinājuma, ka ES fondu ieguldījumu transporta infrastruktūrā ir nozīmīga ietekmes uz Latvijas ekonomiku ne tikai tiešā (finansiālā) viedā, bet arī caur citām nozarēm, ko ietekmē transporta infrastruktūras kvalitāte. Autors sagatavoja priekšlikumu atbildīgajām iestādēm nākotnes Eiropas Savienības fondu investīciju transporta infrastruktūrā plānošanai. ; The aim of this Master Thesis is to analyse investments of European Union funds in Latvian transportation infrastructure and its influence to Latvian economics. The goal of this Master Thesis is to research investments of European Union funds in transportation infrastructure, define influence to Latvian economics and to define proposal for better acquire of EU funds as well as prepare models for future prognoses. The author examines influence of investments and transportation investments towards Latvian economical growth. After analyses done in master thesis, author has conclude that investments of EU funds in transportation infrastructure is significant influence on Latvian economics not only in direct (financial) perspective, but also towards other branch of activities, influenced by quality of transportation infrastructure. Author has prepared proposal to responsible authorities for planning of acquiring future European Union funds for transportation infrastructure.

Maģistra darbā analizēts valsts civildienesta jēdziens, valsts civildienesta izpratne un uzbūve Latvijā. Darbā ietverta Valsts civildienesta likumā noteikto valsts civildienesta attiecību izbeigšanas pamatu analīze, identificētas tiesiskajā regulējumā un tiesu praksē pastāvošās nepilnības un ieteikti iespējamie risinājumi to novēršanai. Ņemot vērā 2008. – 2009.gadā Latvijā veikto plašo publiskajā sektorā nodarbināto skaita samazināšanu, lielāka uzmanība maģistra darbā pievērsta problēmām, kas saistītas ar valsts civildienesta attiecību izbeigšanu sakarā ar ierēdņu skaita samazināšanu. Autors izvirza vairākus priekšlikumus Valsts civildienesta likumā izdarāmajiem grozījumiem, kas novērstu tiesību normu nesaskaņotību. Tāpat autors sniedz priekšlikumus atsevišķu Valsts civildienesta likuma normu interpretācijai, tostarp, piedāvājot mainīt iedibināto iestāžu un tiesu praksi. ; Master thesis "Termination of state civil service relations in Latvia" deals with an analysis of the concept of state civil service, the perception and structure of state civil service in Latvia. The thesis contains an analysis of grounds for termination of state civil service relations inscribed in State Civil Service Law. The author points out shortcomings found in legislation and case law and puts forward possible solutions to overcome them. Given the extensive workforce reductions made in public sector in Latvia in the year 2008 and 2009 emphasis is put on the issues concerning termination of state civil service relations due to reduction of number of state civil servants. The author raises a number of proposals for necessary amendments to State Civil Service Law to prevent inconsistency of legislation. The author also provides several suggestions for interpreting provisions of State Civil Service Law and offers to alter institutional and judicial practice.

This article analyses the military and tactical training of the members of the Lithuanian Riflemen's Union for guerrilla warfare in the interwar period. Small nations, such as Lithuania and other Baltic states, being unable to build up military strength in order to ensure national security, were forced to seek for unconventional methods of warfare, including guerrilla strategies. The study places emphasis on the development of the guerrilla war concept in the Union periodicals. The author retraces a change in the intensity of the guerrilla warfare concept propagation amongst Lithuanian population and riflemen, in particular, through publications in the Trimitas — a periodical of the Lithuanian Riflemen's Union. The author also identifies the narratives associated with the guerrilla matters employed for propaganda purposes in order to create an image of a guerrilla as a defender of the Homeland — Lithuania. Additionally, the structure and numbers of the Union are analysed through a comparison with similar organisations of the other «small nations» of the Baltic North-East. The author addresses the issue of military missions planned by the Lithuanian Army, as well as the way riflemen implemented them. Since the Union did not only offer military training, but was also engaged in the patriotic propaganda, the article focuses on the network of cultural institutions, homes of riflemen, orchestras, libraries, choirs, and athletic clubs used by the Union. The article sets out to establish whether the loss of Lithuanian sovereignty could have been possible without giving rise to a protracted guerrilla war.

In the given article the author considers features of public culture of one of the leading polis of Ancient Greece - Athens, shows its uniqueness, points to the factors causing the development of democracy in interrelation with all social processes taking place in public life of the Athenians. The author pays attention on carrying out the comparative analysis of two political and social systems of Ancient Greece – Sparta and Athens. The works of outstanding ancient philosophers help the author prove her own position on some tradition points of view concerning public life of ancient people. ; У даній статті автор розглядає особливості публічної культури одного з ведучого поліса Древньої Греції – Афін, показує її унікальність, вказує на фактори, що викликають розвиток демократії у взаємозв'язку з усіма соціальними процесами, що мають місце в суспільному житті Афінян. Автор звертає увагу на порівняльний аналіз двох політичних і соціальних систем Древньої Греції – Спарти й Афін. Роботи видатних древніх філософів допомагають авторові довести її власне розуміння окремих спірних традиційних моментів, що торкаються громадського життя древніх людей. ; В данной статье автор рассматривает особенности публичной культуры одного из ведущего полиса Древней Греции –Афин, показывает ее уникальность, указывает на факторы, вызывающие развитие демократии во взаимосвязи со всеми социальными процессами, имеющими место в общественной жизни Афинян. Автор обращает внимание на сравнительный анализ двух политических и социальных систем Древней Греции – Спарты и Афин. Работы выдающихся древних философов помогают автору доказать ее собственное понимание отдельных спорных традиционных моментов, касательных общественной жизни древних людей.

This article addresses the problem of definition
and identification of clusters as localised
mesoeconomic systems with fuzzy
boundaries that stimulate the development of
these systems. The author analyses the influence
of the inductive approach to the formation
of cluster theory and juxtaposes different
typologies of clusters and other types of localised
economic systems. The article offers an
overview of the existing methodological approaches
to the problem of cluster identification
and emphasises the major role of institutional
dimension in the identification (and
functioning) of clusters, especially in comparison
to cluster formation theory based on
the technological connection of adjacent
units. The author comes to a conclusion that,
without the inclusion of institutional factors,
alongside localising and technological ones
(demonstrated through different variables), it
is virtually impossible to develop an independent
cluster theory, different from the general
agglomeration theory. For the first time,
a hierarchy of institutions affecting the formation
of local economic systems is considered
against the background of the identification of
institutional levels, whose full development
makes it possible to speak of the formation of
clusters as most successful mesoeconomic systems.
At the same time, the author emphasises
that, in economies gravitating towards the
market type of organisation, the development
of mesoeconomic systems is closely connected
to competition for innovative rent. The article
outlines the methodology for cluster studies,
which makes it possible to consider such relatively
new to the regional science phenomena
as innovative and "transborder" clusters.

This article analyses the military and
tactical training of the members of the
Lithuanian Riflemen's Union for guerrilla
warfare in the interwar period.
Small nations, such as Lithuania and
other Baltic states, being unable to build
up military strength in order to ensure
national security, were forced to seek for
unconventional methods of warfare, including
guerrilla strategies. The study
places emphasis on the development of
the guerrilla war concept in the Union
periodicals. The author retraces a
change in the intensity of the guerrilla
warfare concept propagation amongst
Lithuanian population and riflemen, in
particular, through publications in the
Trimitas - a periodical of the Lithuanian
Riflemen's Union. The author also
identifies the narratives associated with
the guerrilla matters employed for propaganda
purposes in order to create an
image of a guerrilla as a defender of the
Homeland - Lithuania. Additionally,
the structure and numbers of the Union
are analysed through a comparison with
similar organisations of the other «small
nations» of the Baltic North-East. The
author addresses the issue of military
missions planned by the Lithuanian Army,
as well as the way riflemen implemented
them. Since the Union did not
only offer military training, but was also
engaged in the patriotic propaganda, the
article focuses on the network of cultural
institutions, homes of riflemen, orchestras,
libraries, choirs, and athletic clubs
used by the Union. The article sets out to
establish whether the loss of Lithuanian
sovereignty could have been possible
without giving rise to a protracted guerrilla
war.

This article explores intersections between power, subjectivity, and laughter by focusing on Šluota ( The Broom), a humor and satire journal published by the Central Committee of the Lithuanian Communist Party during late socialism (1970s to mid-1980s). In Lithuania, while the official newspapers and journals were commonly distrusted, The Broom was perceived as a grassroots media. In this article, the author asks how officially sanctioned socialist humor was translated into readers' sincere laughter; how sensual and political dialogue was created between state authorities, artists, and readers. The author shows that in the case of the official culture of humor presented in The Broom, laughter cannot be easily classified as performance of resistance or support for the regime. In The Broom, the discourse of power was never monologic and simply oppressive. It was situational, contextual, and changing. Officially sanctioned laughter was infused with and mediated by private emotions and values. Moreover, the journal provided space for artistic creativity and self-expression that reshaped official political aesthetics. Laughter blurred the distinctions between the state and the citizen, the public and the private, the hegemonic and the sincere. The author argues that laughter is an experience and a performance of political intimacy through which various agents imagine a self, society, and the state and reproduce various power orders. Political intimacy refers to coexistence of state authorities and other subjects in fields of social and political comfort, togetherness, and dialogue as well as in the zones of shared meanings and values.

This article explores intersections between power, subjectivity, and laughter by focusing on Sluota (The Broom), a humor and satire journal published by the Central Committee of the Lithuanian Communist Party during late socialism (1970s to mid-1980s). In Lithuania, while the official newspapers and journals were commonly distrusted, The Broom was perceived as a grassroots media. In this article, the author asks how officially sanctioned socialist humor was translated into readers' sincere laughter; how sensual and political dialogue was created between state authorities, artists, and readers. The author shows that in the case of the official culture of humor presented in The Broom, laughter cannot be easily classified as performance of resistance or support for the regime. In The Broom, the discourse of power was never monologic and simply oppressive. It was situational, contextual, and changing. Officially sanctioned laughter was infused with and mediated by private emotions and values. Moreover, the journal provided space for artistic creativity and self-expression that reshaped official political aesthetics. Laughter blurred the distinctions between the state and the citizen, the public and the private, the hegemonic and the sincere. The author argues that laughter is an experience and a performance of political intimacy through which various agents imagine a self, society, and the state and reproduce various power orders. Political intimacy refers to coexistence of state authorities and other subjects in fields of social and political comfort, togetherness, and dialogue as well as in the zones of shared meanings and values. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Inc., copyright the American Council of Learned Societies.]