Suchergebnisse

AbstractModern sewerage system construction in the City of Yokohama dates from 1950. During the ensuing years, the City actively promoted such construction. The first sewage‐treatment plant was commissioned in 1962, and the City's percentage of sewered population (including treatment services) reached 85% in March 1990.This paper describes the outstanding development and record of the wastewater disposal system in Yokohama (which must be ranked ahead of other Japanese cities in this area), as well as the organization, technology, administrative and financing efforts that made this development possible. It also explains the notable features of these works, which include Japan's first fully‐fledged centralized sludge treatment, improvement of combined sewerage systems, industrial effluent control, effective use of sewage effluent and sludge, and sewer user charges. In addition, it presents comments on the future tasks for the 21st century, including advanced wastewater treatment and the integrated information system on water environment.

Japan's Current Role as the world's most dominant economic power has had an impact on its relations with Latin America despite the absence, historically at least, of few long-term ties between the two regions. While there is some evidence that contacts may date as far back as 1609, relations between them only began to acquire a certain relevance as recently as the 1970s and 1980s, when the Japanese domestic model, acquired after World War II, began to seem assured.Nevertheless, it is impossible to understand either the relations between these two actors, or their future trends, without examining the policies and conditions that have marked Japan's reinsertion into the world — from its situation as a defeated, war-devastated, resource-poor country to one that is not only extremely wealthy but with the potential to become a superpower (Time, 1988: 6-9).