Suchergebnisse

Essay über die wirtschaftlichen, politischen und sozialen Probleme der grenzüberschreitenden Migration im Vorderen Orient. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Fragen der Arbeitskräftewanderung, die Flüchtlingsthematik wird nur gestreift. (DÜI-Hns)

The major objective of the research is to produce evidence-based knowledge on the social and economic impacts of labour migration by looking at the challenges and opportunities of Ethiopian labour migration to the Gulf and South Africa. On the one hand, international migration from Ethiopia could be considered as an aspect of development problem. The major push factors that forces Ethiopian migrants to the Gulf and South Africa are economic/developmental problems ranging from lack of employment opportunities to wage differentials. On the other hand, international migration could be considered as an important resource that could be tapped for accelerating socio-economic development. At the general level, this research aims to examine the successes and failures of policies and institutions in realising the potentials of international migration for socio-economic development of the country and minimizing its adverse impacts. At the same time, the growing problem of illegal migration will be examined.

Migration did not figure in the European Security Strategy of 2003. Never mentioned as a threat, it was not even mentioned as a risk. Thirteen years later, migration is widely cited in the new European Union Global Strategy. Much richer than the previous security document and global in aspiration, the Global Strategy treats migration as a challenge and an opportunity, recognising the key role it plays in a rapidly changing security landscape. However, this multi-faceted perspective on migration uncovers starkly different political and normative claims, all of which are legitimate in principle. The different narratives on migration present in the new strategic document attest to the Union's comprehensive approach to the issue but also to critical and possibly competing normative dilemmas.

There has been an unprecedented increase in international population movement in the Asia-Pacific region in the last decade. The causes of this are complex and associated with the rapid economic and social change in the region, the forces of globalization, improvements in transport and communication and proliferation of migration networks. However, the present paper suggests that one element which needs to be considered in explaining contemporary international migration but especially in anticipating trends over the next decade are the differential patterns of growth of population within the region. While population growth overall has slowed, the work force age groups will continue to grow rapidly in Asia over the next decade or so and the contrasts between individual countries will increase. The proportion in the peak mobility age groups will thus continue to grow rapidly in particular countries and will be one of the elements contributing to increased levels of international migration within and out of the region.

This review of recent research outlines changes in the composition and organization of labor supplies to the Middle East since the 1970s and indicates some effects on both sending and receiving countries. Before the recent Gulf war, Asians increasingly supplanted Arab migrant workers, entering the Gulf labor force through kinship networks, recruitment agencies and project-tied migration. At the national level, this emigration has sometimes led to severe labor shortages, as in Pakistan. Another effect is the impact of remittances on saving and investment behavior. A few detailed studies about countries of origin have provided insights into the push factors of the migration process; however, a major problem limiting research is poor survey and census data. In addition, research is lacking on the conditions of Asian migrant workers in the Middle East, the impact of emigration on demographic trends, and the important link between migration and development.

Migration is one of the important dimensions in constructing population dynamics in any region. Migration is often the outcome of numerous multidimensional factors. They might be physical, economic, socio-cultural political factors or blend of one or more. In the present time economic factors are main responsible factors behind the migration in the developing and under developed countries. Migration has a direct impact on the population size of areas of origin and destination (Goldscheider, 1987). The entire Himalayan region is completely affected by migration and the state of Uttarakhand is no excetion to this, which has shown a constant increasing trend in intra rural urban migration since its formation in 2000. The Rudraprayag region in Uttarakhand is one of the rugged terrain areas with harsh climatic conditions and limited employment opportunities. Therefore, the study tries to analyses the migration trend in the area based on the primary survey of 16 villages. The maximum share of migrants is due to job and employment which makesup to 13.58% in the region. Education is the second most important region with 11.13% due to which people tend to migrate in the region especially the younger population. The migration condition of Rudraprayag district is presented in this paper.

Environmental problems due to floods, drought, & other natural disasters are being exacerbated by new forms of destruction of an anthropogenic nature, including environmental change as the result of demographic, economic, institutional, technological, agricultural, & behavioral changes in the social system. Extensive human interaction with nature has upset the delicate equilibrium of biological forces & caused the environmental crisis to reach global proportions. Although environmental stress occurs in every nation, it holds more serious consequences for poor & developing countries. While economic, political, & religious reasons can explain voluntary migration, famine & environmental disasters force migration much as do civil war & ideological persecution. Focus here is on the political, social, & economic consequences of mass migrations made for environmental reasons, included in the global political agenda, since it poses serious challenges to the peace & security of developing nations worldwide. B. Wolfe

Ukraine is a 'border' society, situated culturally and socio-politically between Eurasian and Euro-Atlantic poles of attraction. The influence of these two distinct cultures can be seen throughout Ukrainian society, but particularly in its migration patterns. In this book, Dr Hab. Y. Bilan analyses external migration from Ukraine using the system analysis approach combining econometric analysis and statistical modelling, historiographical and institutional analyses along with quantitative and qualitative sociological analysis with special attention to media discourse and congregational, demographic, gender and regional dimensions.

"Ukraine is a 'border' society, situated culturally and socio-politically between Eurasian and Euro-Atlantic poles of attraction. The influence of these two distinct cultures can be seen throughout Ukrainian society, but particularly in its migration patterns. In this book, Dr Hab. Y. Bilan analyses external migration from Ukraine using the system analysis approach combining econometric analysis and statistical modelling, historiographical and institutional analyses along with quantitative and qualitative sociological analysis with special attention to media discourse and congregational, demographic, gender and regional dimensions."

В контексте глобализации и демографических сдвигов на евразийском пространстве трудовая миграция становится важным фактором экономического и социального развития. Однако формы регулирования рынка труда на постсоветском пространстве не могут гарантировать права и свободы работников. Пи этом отсутствие комплексных механизмов регулирования трудовой миграции ведет к конфликтам, которые вынуждают вести поиск более эффективной миграционной политики, включая законодательную и институциональную поддержку занятости и социальной адаптации трудовых мигрантов. Вполне очевидно, что в данной ситуации необходимо выработать универсальную модель трудовой миграции и защиты прав трудовых мигрантов на евразийском пространстве. ; This article provides a comparative analysis of the main factors of Armenian labor migration and the Indices of social development in Armenia (1990-2012). The article discusses the general trends of labor migration from Armenia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia has become not only the "initial center" of labor migration, but a transit zone for labor migrants from Armenia. Since the establishment of the CIS, the mechanisms of the regulation of labor migration issues between Armenia and Russia have been formed. The integration of Armenian labor legislation began with the establishment of the Eurasian Customs Union (ECU), the Eurasian Economic Community (EurAsEC) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). Armenia, after signing several agreements, also had the opportunity to actively participate in the development of a common labor market in the Eurasian space. In this context, the article discusses some statistics on labor migration.

It has been argued by R. J. Cebula (see SA 26:1/78J0620) that nonwhite migration & welfare levels have significant effects on each other. However, there are specification errors in his results, due to the omission of some variables from his two-equation system. A revised model is estimated, involving more variables. The results suggest that Cebula's estimates were biased upward by his omission of the added variables; welfare & nonwhite migration are still interdependent, but not as much so as Cebula judged. In Nonwhite Migration, Welfare, and Politics -- A Reply, Richard J. Cebula suggests that some variables might plausibly be added or replaced; however, either his or Kumar's results show a bidirectional relation between welfare & nonwhite migration. W. H. Stoddard.