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The Sustainable Development Commission believes that the UK Government can and should set the economy on a clear and unambiguous low-carbon trajectory, a move which would enhance competitiveness and satisfy the demand of UK public limited companies for energy services. ; Publisher PDF

The increase of distributed energy resources in energy systems and current legislation concerning the participation in energy markets, is causing a high wasted potential of energy supply and flexibility services. In this paper, it is proposed a methodology for the management and integration of distributed energy resources in energy systems and markets, through the application of an aggregator. Also, the aggregator provides demand response programs based on tariffs, thus enabling different types of participations. Aggregation is performed using K-Means clustering algorithm, and serves as basis for remuneration, where the aggregated energy and cost of resources is obtained. Given this methodology, the aggregator obtains the energy available and the minimum sell cost to negotiate in market, with the intent of obtaining profit in its operation. The methodology is validated through a case study, with 20 consumers and 25 distributed generators. ; This work has received funding from the following projects: NETEFFICITY Project (ANI | P2020 – 18015); and from FEDER Funds through COMPETE program and from National Funds through FCT under the project UID/EEA/00760/2013. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Energy subsidy reform is not a goal in itself, but rather a means of achieving lasting economic and social progress. Communicating with the public and other key stakeholders about the benefits of reform and the drawbacks of existing subsidies helps build support and acceptance. It can also increase trust and understanding of the political decisions that underpin the reform. International experience shows that communicating before, during, and after subsidy reform is essential to ensuring the smooth rollout of a well-planned and executed energy subsidy reform program (GSIand IISD 2013). Some governments undertaking energy subsidy reform programs either ignore communication with stakeholders or take a top-down approach that fails to recognize stakeholder views and concerns. This happens for many reasons, including lack of understanding about the powerful role communication plays in a successful energy subsidy reform program and the absence of capacity within a government to undertake communication activities. This note is intended for use by governments and aims to (a) advocate for the importance of communicating with citizens proactively about energy subsidy reform and (b) guide practitioners through some of the important elements of an evidence-based and effective communication campaign, including timing, stakeholder consultation, opinion research, messages, messengers, media, and evaluation. This note should be used in combination with other tools, including capacity building workshops and tailored advice from experienced communication professionals.

THE USSR MAY HAVE TO LET HER COMECON ALLIES STRUGGLE WITH A WORSENING BALANCE OF PAYMENTS DUE TO THEIR ENERGY REQUIREMENTS, OR ACCEPT A DECLINE IN HER EARNINGS FROM OIL EXPORTS JUST WHEN HER NEED FOR WESTERN TECHNOLOGY AND GRAIN IS GROWING.

Through much of 2012, the Energiewende, Germanys pioneering effort to construct an energy system around renewables while simultaneously phasing out nuclear power and cutting carbon emissions, was on a roll. Plunging prices and eye-popping production figures for wind and solar power seemed to fulfill all the visionary prognostications. Germany shrugged off the shuttering of nearly half its nuclear plants without a backward glance: not only did it not suffer the predicted power shortages, it boosted electricity exports. Renewable power pushed market prices down and threatened to drive gas- and coal-burning power plants into bankruptcy. But statistics on Germanys electricity sector for the whole of 2012 are now in, and when you look beyond the cherry-picked hype, the results are dismal and disquieting. Despite massive construction of new capacity, electricity output from renewables, especially from wind and solar, grew at a sluggish rate. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACTOver the last decades, global media debates and political discussions around climate change, environmental pollution and fossil fuel extraction have arisen vehemently. Anthropological attention to energy has therefore grown more explicit, thanks to studies conducted by a crop of scholars reflecting on various political, economic, and social issues related to the use and commercialization of hydrocarbon energy resources. In the wake of the recent Paris Agreement on climate change, researchers in "Energy Humanities" (Boyer and Szeman 2016) have grappled more deeply with the social, political and cultural dimensions of alternative types of energy (Günel 2018). For instance, scholars have investigated human and technological efforts towards the implementation of alternative forms of energy production from green design (Günel 2019; Rademacher 2017) to renewable energy sources (Argenti and Knight 2015; Rignall 2016) and clean technology (Dean 2020; Barber 2016; Love and Garwood 2011). In the meantime, anthropological analyses of electricity infrastructures and global notions of climate change expertise have also set the pace (Degani et al. 2020).

The UK government has committed to achieving net zero carbon emissions by 2050. This will require a transformation of the housing sector as it has lagged previous emissions targets. Although millions of existing homes across the UK need energy improvements, the process of identifying suitable and eligible homes is presently a time-consuming task and energy suppliers are struggling to meet their targets. To address this challenge, this paper describes the application of a data-driven geographical information system-based approach to spatially identify suitable dwellings quickly and accurately by mapping and modelling baseline energy use and potential for energy retrofit measures, singularly and in combination. Drawing on publicly available datasets on housing and energy, combined with local datasets, a neighbourhood with high fuel poverty in Bicester (Oxfordshire, UK) was selected. The DECoRuM model was then used to estimate current energy use and potential for energy reduction on a house-by-house level. The improvement measures were aggregated to encourage bulk installations and drive down installation costs. House-level energy assessment in the selected area using DECoRuM shows that a package-based approach comprising building fabric and heating system upgrade and solar PVs is effective at significantly reducing energy consumption and energy bills, as well as fuel poverty. This spatially based urban energy modelling approach brings together energy calculations and spatial mapping to address the barriers to mass retrofit programmes. The data collected can also be used to build brokering services amongst those who need energy improvements (households) with those can provide retrofit measures (installers) and those can sponsor energy measures (energy suppliers).

Wireless sensor network consists of thousand number of sensor nodes employed in a wide range of data gathering application such as environmental gathering, military applications etc. Each sensor node in WS N are powered by battery having limited energy so it is very difficult to replace there batteries for prolonged the network life time. Maximizing the network lifetime have been most important design goal for the network. In WSN channel fading and radio interference constitute a big dispute in design of energy efficient communication protocol. To reduce fading and energy consumption in WSN, MIMO MISO SISO scheme is employed but implement multiple antenna technology to sensor network is improbable because of the sensor node generally support a single antenna. Cooperative scheme are utilized in WSN by applying the collective nature of the sensor nodes to provide reliable communication links in order to lower the total energy consumption. In this paper, the cooperative technique are inspected and by comparing different cooperative techniques we can elect the best cooperative scheme for energy constrained WS N application.