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Utilizing a theoretical perspective (the "social supports model") increasingly applied by stress researchers in other fields, the present endeavor explores whether social supports operate to shield officers from the stresses emanating from police work To investigate this issue, 91 suburban officers were administered a questionnaire that contained scales measuring four job‐related stressors, four types of social supports, and two forms of psychological stress—work and life. With regard to the stressors, the data analysis revealed that feelings of dangerousness were significantly and positively related to both stress scales, while shift change and court problems increased only general lye stress. It was also found that supervisory support mitigates work stress while family support helps to reduce more general psychological discomfort. These latter results rein force the assertion that future research could profit by systematically exploring the circumstances, such as social supports, which enable police to cope effectively with the more stressful features of their work.

A variety of empirical studies show that custodial mothers & children are worse off after separation & divorce than absent fathers. Many of these mothers & children live in poverty & many more are below median family income. Since 1974, the US has had a federal-state program of child support enforcement, but absent fathers still have a poor record of paying child support. Income data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (involving interviews with some 4,000-6,000 families annually between 1968 & 1982, with focus on 1,930 M heads of household), & Census Bureau data on the number of custodial mothers & children with living absent fathers were analyzed to determine how much money absent fathers should pay in child support. It is estimated that absent fathers could pay $26.6 billion in child support -- about 3.6 times as much as they actually paid in 1984. Most of this child support money would come from upper-income families. Absent fathers could substantially augment the financial security of custodial mothers & their children. A vigorous program of child support enforcement is recommended. 8 Tables, 29 References. Modified HA

This research examines the differences between Senate party leaders and rank and file party members on a measure of support for the president of their party. The expectation is that party leaders give presidents of their party greater support than do nonleaders. Only floor leaders and whips exhibited higher presidential support than other types of leaders or the rank and file. Foreign policy elicited support from both parties' leaders, and the Democratic leadership and rank and file differences were eliminated when controlling for ideology.

The use of chloral hydrate as a sedative to enable electrodiagnostic testing of hyperkinetic children is discussed, and procedures for the administration of chloral hydrate are described. Case examples are presented to illustrate that assessment during the sleep-induced state enables further counseling regarding spasmus nutans, optic nerve hyoplasia, and Leber's congenital amaurosis. Management based on comparative electroretinogram and visual-evoked-response recordings is emphasized.

Over the past 25 years a number of conclusions concerning the development of political tolerance have come to be well accepted in the literature on political behavior. There are, however, two persisting problems with the studies that have generated these findings: they have relied on a content-biased measure of tolerance, and have failed to examine well specified models of the factors leading to tolerance. In this article we report the results of an analysis of the determinants of political tolerance using a content-controlled measure of tolerance and a more fully specified multivariate model. The parameters of the model are estimated from a national sample of the U.S. The results indicate the explanatory power of two political variables, the level of perceived threat and the commitment to general norms, and psychological sources of political tolerance. Social and demographic factors are found to have no direct effect and little indirect influence on the development of political tolerance.