Suchergebnisse

The opportunity for this work originates from the recent discovery of two codices on wheels for perpetual motion in Tehrān and in Manchester by G. Ferriello, whose paper will follow in this issue. Now the similarity of the drawings existing in these manuscripts with known ones on the same topic by Leonardo and by other Renaissance engineers requires some reflections on possible relationships and on the transmission of knowledge between East and West in the field of Mathematics and Engineering in the Early Modern age. The substantial studies on Renaissance engineers do not refer anything to researches on technical-scientific development in the Islamic world, nor particularly in the Persian world, which we will deal with. This certainly did not happen for lack of documentary material, but of interest of scholars to sources in not European languages, with the consequent lack of comparisons between historical-cultural contexts that have shared a lot in the past, inheriting and transmitting Classical and Hellenistic texts that were acquired, translated, integrated and then returned to their original sphere. The studies on the Renaissance, favoured by the interest in machines intended in a philosophical - as well as technological - key and extended to the experimentation of machines in building sites, have made known a vast documentary heritage, consisting of writings and drawings; these works have also promoted the interest in Mechanics applied to the building subject and for its protagonists, from Taccola to Francesco di Giorgio to Leonardo; but not always adequate emphasis has been given to the means of transmission of the sources, that have been somehow forgotten after the translation of ancient texts into Latin or vernacular, or even denied for religious or political reasons in Catholic Europe: thus has been lost, in many cases, the added value represented by the passages through the scientific culture of the Near East. ; Questo lavoro nasce dalla recente scoperta di due codici sul moto perpetuo rivenuti a Teheran e a Manchester da parte di Giuseppina Ferriello, la cui relazione seguirà in questo numero. La somiglianza dei disegni esistenti in questi manoscritti con quelli noti sullo stesso argomento di Leonardo e di altri ingegneri rinascimentali richiede alcune riflessioni sui possibili rapporti e sulla trasmissione delle conoscenze tra Oriente e Occidente nel campo della matematica e dell'ingegneria in età moderna. I corposi studi sugli ingegneri rinascimentali non fanno alcun riferimento a ricerche sullo sviluppo tecnico-scientifico nel mondo islamico, né particolarmente nel mondo persiano, di cui ci occuperemo. Ciò non avvenne certo per mancanza di materiale documentario, ma per il mancato interesse degli studiosi verso fonti in lingue non europee, con la conseguente mancanza di confronti tra contesti storico-culturali che molto hanno condiviso in passato, ereditando e trasmettendo testi classici ed ellenistici che sono stati acquisiti, tradotti, integrati e poi riportati nella loro sfera originaria. Gli studi sul Rinascimento, favoriti dall'interesse per le macchine intese in chiave filosofica – oltre che tecnologica – ed estesi alla sperimentazione delle macchine nei cantieri, hanno reso noto un vasto patrimonio documentario, costituito da scritti e disegni; questi lavori hanno promosso anche l'interesse per la meccanica applicata all'edilizia e per i suoi protagonisti, da Taccola a Francesco di Giorgio a Leonardo. Non sempre è stata data adeguata enfasi alle modalità di trasmissione delle fonti, che sono state in qualche modo dimenticate dopo la traduzione di testi antichi in latino o volgare, o addirittura smentite per ragioni religiose o politiche; così, in molti casi, è andato perduto il valore aggiunto rappresentato dai passaggi attraverso la cultura scientifica del vicino Oriente.

Funding Information: The authors thank the anonymous referee for the positive and constructive response that helped to improve this manuscript. The authors acknowledge the contributions of O. G. King, A. Kus and E. Pazderski to the RoboPol project. The RoboPol project is a collaboration between Caltech in the USA, Max-Planck-Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany, Tor?n Centre for Astronomy in Poland, the University of Crete/FORTH in Greece, and IUCAA in India. This research was supported in part by NASA grant NNX11A043G and NSF grant AST-1109911, and by the Polish National Science Centre, grant numbers 2011/01/B/ST9/04618 and 2017/25/B/ST9/02805. DB, CC, SK, NM, RS, and KT acknowledge support from the European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, grant agreement No 771282. VP acknowledges support from the Foundation of Research and Technology - Hellas Synergy Grants Program through project MagMASim, jointly implemented by the Institute of Astrophysicsand the Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics and by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (H.F.R.I.) under the 'First Call forH.F.R.I. Research Projects to support Faculty members and Researchers and the procurement of high-cost research equipment grant' (Project 1552 CIRCE). ANR, GVP, and ACSR acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation, under grant number AST-1611547. GVP acknowledges support by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant # HST-HF2-51444.001- A awarded by the SpaceTelescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. TJP acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX16AR31G. TH was supported by the Academy of Finland projects 317383, 320085, and 322535. ANR acknowledges support through a grant from the Infosys Foundation. This research made use of Stan, https://mc-stan.org/, through the PYSTAN interface, https://pystan.readthedocs.io/, NUMPY (Harris et al. 2020), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), STATSMODELS (Seabold & Perktold 2010), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), and CMASHER (van der Velden 2020). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society. ; At optical wavelengths, blazar Electric Vector Position Angle (EVPA) rotations linked with gamma-ray activity have been the subject of intense interest and systematic investigation for over a decade. One difficulty in the interpretation of EVPA rotations is the inherent 180 degrees ambiguity in the measurements. It is therefore essential, when studying EVPA rotations, to ensure that the typical time-interval between successive observations - i.e. the cadence - is short enough to ensure that the correct modulo 180 degrees value is selected. This optimal cadence depends on the maximum intrinsic EVPA rotation speed in blazars, which is currently not known. In this paper, we address the following questions for the RoboPol sample: What range of rotation speeds for rotations greater than 90 degrees can we expect? What observation cadence is required to detect such rotations? Have rapid rotations been missed in EVPA rotation studies thus far? What fraction of data is affected by the ambiguity? And how likely are detected rotations affected by the ambiguity? We answer these questions with three seasons of optical polarimetric observations of a statistical sample of blazars sampled weekly with the RoboPol instrument and an additional season with daily observations. We model the distribution of EVPA changes on time-scales from 1-30 d and estimate the fraction of changes exceeding 90 degrees. We show that at least daily observations are necessary to measure >96 per cent of optical EVPA variability in the RoboPol sample of blazars correctly and that intraday observations are needed to measure the fastest rotations that have been seen thus far. ; Peer reviewed

ABSTRACT The present research report has as its main objective to propose a Training Program for administrative staff in order to improve the services provided to users of the National University of Trujillo, for which we must consider that the main orientation that Have the public institutions, is to provide a quality service to the various users who in one way or another request the services provided by the institution, we must consider that the Executive Presidency Resolution No. 0141- 2016-SERVIR-PE is in force Which approves the "Standards for the Management of the Training Process in Public Entities" and establishes the necessary guidelines to formulate the training in order to improve public services through a better performance of public servants. The National University of Trujillo, offers many services, through its different offices, faculties, welfare, etc. These services are provided by the administrative servers, who serve the various users, in direct contact, which makes it necessary to have a staff that is committed and properly trained in order to provide quality services, which is one of the main requirements Which brings with it Law No. 30057 - Civil Service Law and its regulations, and to fulfill this requirement establish in the Training the necessary mechanisms to achieve this. This research is of descriptive type, it used the Research Methodology of Type: Applied, non-experimental and descriptive, with the Inductive-Deductive Method and the Analysis-Synthesis Method, also used the survey as a research technique. The results obtained are product of information collected with the application of the surveys to the sample obtained from the servers of the National University of Trujillo. ; ABSTRACT This investigation searched to analyse the relationship between the Budget Management by Results and the quality of the expenditure of the local governments from La Libertad Region up to 2015. It was non-experimental, longitudinal and predictive correlational, worked with the 83 local governments from La Libertad Region, and the content analysis was used as a research technique. The diagnosis of the Budget Management by Results, shows a level of execution at 84% in the region, while in the 83 districts, execution reaches 66%. On the other hand, at function level, the Environment Function, occupies the first place with 78%. The main source of funding for the budgetary programs in the years 2012-2015 are determined resources. The quality of the expenditure was measured, identifying the indicators that guide the improvement of the living standards of the population, thus the Prevalence of chronic malnutrition in children under 5 years (WHO pattern) indicator, has maintained a downward trend since 2010. To 2015, La Libertad presents a percentage of 15.9%. The indicator of satisfactory level in reading comprehension has been increasing year by year, going from 15.41% in 2008 to 42.52% in 2015; And as for the satisfactory level in mathematics, in 2015, reached 23.23%. A significant growth is observed, although there is still a significant gap. In other budget instruments, progress was identified by the results, as well as, with the DEBS, it concludes that 69 DEBS evaluations have been programmed, of which 52 have been completed by the end of 2015; the others are in the process of implementation. Regarding the Incentive Plan for Municipal Management, the percentage of achievement of goals, for all types of investigadores municipalities is 73%. There is a direct and significant relationship between results-based budget management and quality of expenditure, which is checked first with the level of global significance of the statistical model [Prob (F Statistic) = 0.0000]. It is also contrasted with the correlation coefficient of 0.69, mainly with indicators of Urban and Rural Sanitation Programs, the Program of Access and Adequate Use of Telecommunications Services, and the EBR Learning Achievement Program. ; Tesis

Предметом исследования является уголовное судопроизводство мировых судей Архангельской губернии. Исследуются правовые основы и юрисдикция мировых судей, а также результаты их деятельности в отношении уголовного процесса. Рассматривается проблема адаптации норм Устава уголовного судопроизводства к правовому пространству Архангельской губернии в контексте дискретного реформирования судебной системы. Раскрывается процесс эволюции нормативных актов (Временных правил) регулирующих функционирование органов мировой юстиции. Цель исследования заключается в определении особенностей уголовного судопроизводства мировых судей Архангельской губернии. Методологической основой исследования являются принципы историзма, объективности. При выборе методов использован комплексный подход. В процессе исследования используются методы правовой науки (формально-юридический, сравнительно-правовой, догматический), исторической науки (сравнительный анализ), а также математические методы (статистический анализ). Результаты исследования показали, что институт мировой юстиции на данной территории имел ряд отличительных черт, таких как совмещение в лице мирового судьи функций отправления правосудия и следственных полномочий, а также юрисдикцию по уголовным делам, отличную от аналогичных судебных органов центра Российской империи и совпадающую с Закавказским краем и сибирскими губерниями. Приведенные статистические данные свидетельствуют о том, что уголовные дела составляли значительную часть деятельности мировых судей. В работе выявлена связь правового статуса мировых судей и эффективности вынесения решений по уголовных делам. Последнее дало возможность сделать следующий вывод совмещение нескольких обязанностей одного мирового судьи, несмотря на упрощение процедуры дознания и предварительного следствия, негативно сказывалось в качественно-количественном отношении, отражающемся в показателе решаемости уголовных дел. ; The subject of the research is criminal proceedings in magistrates' courts of the Arkhangelsk government. The author studies legal grounds and jurisdiction of magistrates as well as the results of their actions in terms of criminal proceedings. There has been considered the issue of adapting the rules of the Criminal Procedural Charter to the legal space of the Arkhangelsk region in the context of discrete reformation of the judicial system. The author has elaborated the evolution of the regulatory legal acts (Temporal Rules) governing the functioning of justice of the peace. The aim of the investigation is in the definition of particulars of judicial proceedings of justices of the peace. The methodological base of the research is provided by the principles of historism, objectivism. In the course of choosing methods there has been applied a complex approach. In the course of the research the author has employed the methods of the science of law (the formal legal method, the comparative legal and the dogmatic methods); the history sciences (the comparative analysis) as well as the mathematics methods (the statistical analysis). The results of the research have shown that the institute of justices of the peace in this area had a number of specific features, such as combining by the justice of the peace both the functions of administering justice and the investigator's powers; as well as the specific nature of the jurisdiction covering criminal cases which differed from the similar bodies of the Russian Empire and had the similar characteristics with the jurisdiction of the Trans-Caucasian Region and the Siberian governments. The supplied statistical data testify that criminal cases used to constitute the significant part of the justices' of the peace activities. The research demonstrates the ties between of the legal status of justices of the peace and the effectiveness of passing sentences in criminal cases. The latter has made possible to draw the following conclusion combining several responsibilities by justice of the peace used to have a negative impact on the qualitative and quantitative rate of solving criminal cases despite the simplification of the interrogation and preliminary investigation proceedings.

Con esta Tesis Doctoral estudiamos la terminología geométrica en una etapa de gran desarrollo tanto lingüístico como científico: el Renacimiento. En el primer volumen ofrecemos un panorama de la ciencia matemática en el Siglo de Oro, desde los distintos ámbitos que contribuyen a su desarrollo. De este modo, revisamos las principales instituciones en las que se cultivó la geometría y examinamos las aportaciones de los autores más representativos. En la literatura científica renacentista en lengua castellana abundan las manifestaciones en torno a la utilidad y excelencia de la Geometría. Esta ciencia cede sus fundamentos a los ingenieros y técnicos de este periodo para resolver los nuevos problemas relacionados con la construcción, la navegación, la cosmografía, la ingeniería civil y militar, la artillería, etc.Por otro lado, ofrecemos un análisis detenido de los aspectos lingüísticos y léxicos. Analizamos el conjunto de los préstamos, los procedimientos morfológicos y semánticos; realizamos una clasificación por campos nocionales del vocabulario geométrico y revisamos los aspectos discursivos. El estudio filológico de esta terminología permitirá lograr un mayor conocimiento del léxico de la geometría aplicada y contribuir a completar uno de los vacíos en la lexicología histórica.El segundo volumen está compuesto exclusivamente por el Glosario de Geometría del Renacimiento. Le acompañan una serie de apéndices sobre variantes ortográficas, abreviaturas, siglas y marcas, además del relativo al corpus manejado, y un catálogo final de ilustraciones. Su elaboración responde a otro de los objetivos primordiales propuestos, ya que hasta el momento sólo contábamos con el Vocabulario matemático-etimológico (Madrid, 1862) y un estudio de El tecnicismo matemático en el Diccionario de la Academia Española (Madrid, 1873), realizados por Felipe Picatoste. Con este Glosario de Geometría pretendemos paliar la carencia de inventarios léxicos sobre el registro matemático en español. ; With this Doctoral Thesis, we study the geometric terminology during its stage of great development, both linguistically and scientifically: Renaissance. In the first volume we carry out a study of mathematics during the Golden Age, from various areas which contributed to its development. We surveyed the principal institutions in which Geometry was cultivated and we also examined the most representative authors of the era.In scientific literature in the Castillian language during the Renaissance manifestations about the utility and excellence of Geometry abound.This science permitted the engineers and technicians of this period to resolve the new problems related to construction, navigation, cosmography, civil and military engineering and artillery, etc. On the one hand, we give an analysis focusing on linguistic and lexical aspects. We analyse the borrowings, the morphological and semantic procedures; we carry out a clasification of notional fields of Geometry vocabulary and revise discourse aspects.The philological approach of this terminology we allow us to achive a greater knowledge of applied Geometry lexicon and contribute to the completion of one of the empty areas in historical lexicology.The second volume is exclusively dedicated to the Renaissance Geometry Glosary. Included also are a series of appendices about orthographic variants, abbreviations, acronyms, also authors and related works, and finally illustrations. Its creation responds to other principal objectives, since until now we only had the Vocabulario matemático-etimológico (Madrid, 1862) and the study about El tecnicismo matemático en el Diccionario de la Academia Española (Madrid, 1873), compiled by Felipe Picatoste.With this Geometry Glosary we intend to cover the lack of lexical inventories on mathematical register in Spanish.

"This article is dedicated to application of theory and methodology of fractal geometry in historical research. The article represents the concrete historic issue mathematical model, specifically: the dynamics of the conscience and social environment modernization. On the basis of this model a computer program, which generates fractal images of attractors, attractor basins, and phase transformations of the social systems studied subject to user-entered numerical indicators of certain factors, has been developed. The article represents the principal approaches to the qualitative interpretation of the fractal images obtained." (author's abstract)

Obwohl es schon eine große Zahl soziologischer Untersuchungen der Arbeit in naturwissenschaftlichen Laboratorien gibt, wurde die professionelle Praxis der Mathematik bislang noch wenig erforscht. Ich möchte hier drei verschiedene methodologische Vorschläge unterbreiten, wie die Mathematik für die soziologische Forschung zugänglich gemacht werden kann: (1) LIVINGSTONs "demonstrative Soziologie"; (2) MERZ und KNORR-CETINAs "E-mail Ethnography" und (3) meine eigene Video-Ethnografie.

'Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick zum begrifflichen und theoretischen Hintergrund der Hochqualifiziertenmigration bzw. zum Brain Drain und grenzt das Ausmaß dieser Wanderungen, insbesondere jenes der österreichischen und ungarischen Hochqualifizierten und WissenschafterInnen in das Ausland ein. Im empirischen Teil erfolgt eine detaillierte Untersuchung über die Auswärtsmobilität der österreichischen und ungarischen MathematikerInnen, die im Bereich Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E) tätig sind. Das Fach Mathematik vermittelt weitgehend kulturunabhängige Qualifikationen und zeichnet sich durch eine Fachsprache aus, die vergleichsweise einfach international transferierbar ist. Somit können wichtige Aspekte im Zusammenhang mit Gründen, Verlauf und anderen Gesichtspunkten des Abgangs dieser WissenschafterInnen diskutiert werden, die in Handlungsempfehlungen für den Umgang mit dem Brain Drain münden.' (Autorenreferat)

What are the reasons why researchers may argue in favour of introducing methods that are considered more precise and systematic but also more abstract and binding in practice? The issue was examined on the basis of the experiences of two French archaeologists, Georges Laplace and Jean-Claude Gardin. As early as the 1950s, they were distinguished by their methodological proposals based on formalisation or calculation. However, they remain relatively isolated in the following decades, even though similar proposals are successful in English-speaking archaeology or in other disciplines. A biographical approach highlights the similarities and tensions between the epistemic and ethical, biographical and political criteria that characterise these experiences, which appear to be the most radical forms of contemporary aspiration for the modernisation and professionalisation of archaeology. ; International audience What are the reasons leading some researchers to advocate the application of certain methods on the ground that they are more precise and more systematic, even though they are also more abstract and more constraining than those currently in use? This question is examined here through a review of the evolution of the academic career of two French archaeologists, Georges Laplace and Jean-Claude Gardin. Their earliest works, dating from the 1950s, were characterized by the application of more abstract methodologies, based on formalization or on the use of computation. In the following decades, Laplace and Gardin's approach remained marginal in France, even though at the same time, similar perspectives were becoming popular not only among English-speaking archaeologists but also in other academic fields in France. The biographical perspective adopted in this paper allows us to highlight the parallel trajectories and the tensions existing between the epistemical, ethical, biographical, and political dimensions that shaped the careers of Laplace and Gardin. As such, their academic experiences appear as the most ...

International audience ; Fruit d'une large collaboration entre organismes et régions en 1997 et 1998, une typologie des peuplements feuillus a été mise au point et calibrée sur un échantillon de 1 154 points de sondage répartis sur 6 régions administratives : Bretagne, Pays-de-la-Loire, Centre, Île-de-France, Bourgogne et Champagne-Ardenne (Jenner et Rosa, 1998). Parallèlement, le Centre régional de la Propriété forestière (CRPF) de Bourgogne a souhaité coupler, lors du troisième passage de l'IFN dans la Nièvre (1996), inventaire typologique et IFN. Ce couplage a d'abord été fondé sur la typologie des peuplements établie pour la région Centre par Aubry et Druelle (1988), sur 543 placettes représentant 146 411 ha. Ses résultats ont été récemment transcrits et exprimés selon la typologie des peuplements feuillus. Cet article présente d'abord succinctement la typologie des peuplements feuillus. Il s'interroge ensuite sur le couplage entre inventaire typologique et IFN. Il présente enfin quelques résultats à partir de l'expérience tentée dans la Nièvre.

Maternal filicide has been discussed in the medical, mental health, and child abuse fields, yet little research exists with a criminal justice/law enforcement perspective. Nevertheless, criminal justice professionals responsible for investigation and prosecution of these offenders often must give attention to unique behavioral, social, and psychological dynamics not considered in many other types of cases. The Federal Bureau of Investigation's (FBI) Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) III - Crimes Against Children identified, collected, and reviewed law enforcement case files in which a biological mother killed her child(ren). Collectively, the cases involve 213 biological mothers who killed 265 children, and are comprised of neonaticide, infanticide, and filicide cases. Data analysis revealed that the offenders ranged in age from 12-46 years, and many were unmarried, unemployed, and had a history of violence. Many of the victims were three years of age or younger, did not live with their biological fathers at the time of their deaths, and had a history of maltreatment most often perpetrated by their mothers. In addition, traditional weapons such as a firearm or knife were used less often compared to asphyxiants and blunt force instruments. The authors explore the tenets of female violence, the mother-child dynamic and mental disorders, and address the complexities associated with investigating and prosecuting maternal filicide offenders. ? Joy Lynn E. Shelton, B.A, is a Crime Analyst in the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit III- Crimes Against Children. She joined the unit in 1999 and serves as the Principal Researcher for the maternal filicide study and co-researcher for the Suicide Among Child Sex Offenders and Residential Child Abduction projects. She has co-authored several academic articles and law enforcement guides on the topic of neonaticide - the killing of a child within 24 hours of birth and Child Sex Offender Suicide. In addition, she provides analytical and operational support for other crimes against children research and investigations. Mrs. Shelton presents at a wide-variety of national training venues and is a frequent presenter at the FBI's National Academy at Quantico, VA.Supervisory Special Agent (SSA) Tia A. Hoffer has a doctoral degree in Clinical Psychology, and prior to her work with the FBI, she conducted psychological assessments, individual, and group psychotherapy. She has been with the FBI since 1998 and is currently assigned to the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU) III, which deals specifically with Crimes Against Children. SSA Hoffer provides operational support to federal, state, and local law enforcement through case consultations and on-site deployments. She has trained criminal justice and mental health professionals in matters involving child abductions, child homicides, and sexual victimization of children. She is the Principal Investigator on research projects including Suicide among Child Sex Offenders, Criminal Histories of Animal Cruelty Offenders and the General Assessment Questionnaire Validation project.Mrs. Muirhead joined the Federal Bureau of Investigation as a research contractor in November of 2005 where she provided statistical expertise on long-term, multi-year projects to the National Center for the Analysis Violent Crime's Behavioral Analysis Units. Projects included but were not limited to: Targeted Violence in Institutions of Higher Education; Lone Offender; Islamic Radicalization; General Assessment Questionnaire (GAQ): Personality Assessment Tool; Best Practices in Homicide Investigations; Child Abduction Homicide; False Allegation of Child Abduction; Sexual Exploitation of Children; Characteristics of Sexual Homicide; Characteristics of Serial Homicide. In February 2009, Mrs. Muirhead accepted a position as the Research Coordinator for the Behavioral Analysis Units and continues to serve as the program manager for applied social science research projects conducted by or in support of the NCAVC. Specifically, she formulates, develops and evaluates research projects pertaining to the operations of the NCAVC and its personnel. The NCAVC conducts studies on the ecology of crime and other social/behavioral areas applicable to criminology. Mrs. Yvonne Muirhead attended the University of Texas at San Antonio, Texas where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics in December 1998. In May 2004, she received a Master of Science degree in Statistics. She holds memberships with the American Statistical Association - San Antonio Chapter, Homicide Research Working Group and the Futures Research Working Group.

ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government implemented bold learning at various levels of education, from kindergarten to university. There is a possibility that the applied learning can result in low student interest in learning. This is because the learning process carried out only transfers recordings of learning patterns to WhatsApp text messages, so there is no other innovation to help students' interest in learning become better. As teachers we must be able to make interesting learning media according to the characteristics of students, where one of the learning media is to make animated films that students can see and do while studying at home. The purpose of this activity is to help and train junior high school teachers in making animated film learning media using the Toontastic 3D application so that it can support students' interest in learning. The method used in the implementation of this service activity is to use the method of discussion and question and answer, demo, and expository. Participants in this service activity are partners of MGMP SMP in Muaro Jambi in the field of mathematics as many as 35 teachers and 20 students. The instrument used in this service is a teacher motivation response questionnaire after training and a student interest response questionnaire after learning with learning media in the form of animated films. Based on the results of the training, it was obtained that most of the teachers who participated were very satisfied and happy with this training, this can be seen from the teacher's motivation, most of the teachers answered on average the statements given agreed and strongly agreed agree category. Furthermore, student learning interest can also be said to be good, this can be seen based on the results of the student learning interest questionnaire where the average student on a positive statement is in the agree and strongly agree category, while in the negative statement questionnaire on average are in the category of strongly disagree and disagree. . Therefore, it can be said that this training in making animated films as a learning medium can provide good motivation for teachers and good learning interest for students during the covid-19 pandemic. ABSTRAK Masa pandemic covid-19, pemerintah menerapkan pembelajaran secara daring di berbagai jenjang Pendidikan mulai dari TK sampai perguruan tinggi. Tidak menutup kemungkinan selama pembelajaran daring diterapkan dapat mengakibatkan minat belajar siswa rendah. Hal tersebut dikarenakan proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan hanya memindahkan pola pembelajaran yang dibuku ke pesan teks WhatsApp saja, sehingga tidak adanya inovasi lain untuk membantu minat belajar siswa menjadi lebih baik. Sebagai pengajar kita harus bisa membuat media pembelajaran yang menarik sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa, dimana salah satu media pembelajaran tersebut adalam pembuatan film animasi yang dapat dilihat dan di toton oleh siswa selama belajar dirumah. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk membantu dan melatih guru SMP dalam pembuatan media pembelajaran berbentuk film animasi menggunakan aplikasi toontastic 3D sehingga dapat mendukung minat belajar siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah menggunakan metode diskusi dan tanya jawab, demonstrasi, dan ekspositori. Peserta kegiatan dalam pengabdian ini adalah mitra MGMP SMP di Muaro Jambi pada matapelajaran matematika sebanyak 35 orang guru dan 20 orang siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah angket respon motivasi guru setelah pelatihan dan angket respon minat siswa setelah belajar dengan media pembelajaran berbentuk film animasi tersebut. Berdasar hasil pelatihan diperoleh bahwa kebanyakan guru-guru yang ikut merasa sangat puas dan senang dengan adanya pelatihan ini, hal tersebut dilihat dari angket respon (motivasi) guru menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan guru rata-rata menjawab pernyataan yang diberikan pada kategori Setuju dan Sangat Setuju. Selanjutnya minat belajar siswa juga dapat dikatakan baik, hal tersebut dilihat berdasarkan hasil angket minat belajar siswa dimana rata-rata siswa pada pernyataan positif berada pada kategori setuju dan sangar setuju, sedangkan pada angket pernyataan negatif rata-rata pada kategori sangat tidak setuju dan tidak setuju. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan pembuatan film animasi sebagai media pembelajaran ini dapat memberikan motivasi yang baik bagi guru dan minat belajar yang baik bagi siswa dimasa pandemic covid-19.

Sébastien Le Clerc (1637-1714) appears to be one of the most singular artists of Louis XIV's reign. A prolific draughtsman and engraver, he was driven by a remarkable ambition towards his art. Shortly after his arrival in Paris in 1665, he joined the Gobelins under the direction of Charles Le Brun, and soon integrated the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. After having been made aware of the rhetoric developed within the institution in order to recognise painting and sculpture as liberal arts, Le Clerc sought to enhance the practice of engraving by stressing the intellectual work it required. Over the years, he expressed his desire to compete with painting, a view that was radically different from the dominant conception which considered engraving as being submitted to the other arts. Besides his career as an engraver, Le Clerc showed a growing interest in literary practices. Since he originally wished to become a military engineer, he wrote treatises on fortification and on applied geometry. His position as a professor of perspective at the Academy then led him to write textbooks on various subjects and to study optics as the basis of perspective. Besides his prints, his ability to converse on mathematics and physics generated a certain fascination among his contemporaries far beyond the small circle of print connoisseurs. At the end of the 17th century, Le Clerc gradually transformed his studio into a place of learned sociability, and began to fulfil his ambition to become a philosopher by publishing treatises on cosmology and optics. The nature of the interactions between artistic and scientific practices in Le Clerc's work is a quite exceptional phenomenon in Western history. It can thus shed light on some aspects of the complex relationship between art and science during the Grand Siècle, and the way in which this relationship may foreshadow the dichotomy we today know. ; Sébastien Le Clerc (1637-1714) apparaît comme l'un des artistes les plus singuliers du siècle de Louis XIV. Dessinateur et graveur extraordinairement prolifique, il se distingue également par une remarquable ambition à l'égard de son art. Peu après son arrivée à Paris en 1665, il intégra les Gobelins sous la direction de Charles Le Brun, puis fut rapidement reçu à l'Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. Sensibilisé à la rhétorique développée au sein de l'institution pour élever la peinture et la sculpture au rang des arts libéraux, Le Clerc chercha alors à valoriser la pratique de la gravure en insistant sur le travail intellectuel qu'elle requérait. Au fil des années, il manifesta clairement le souhait de rivaliser avec la peinture, s'opposant alors radicalement à la conception dominante qui considérait la gravure comme étant au service des autres arts. En parallèle à cette carrière, Le Clerc démontra un intérêt de plus en plus marqué pour la pratique littéraire. Initialement désireux de devenir ingénieur militaire, le graveur rédigea dans ce but un traité de fortification puis un ouvrage de géométrie pratique. Ce fut ensuite sa charge de professeur de perspective à l'Académie qui le conduisit à rédiger des manuels sur différents sujets, tout en le poussant à étudier l'optique en tant que fondement de la perspective. Ses estampes et sa capacité à converser sur des sujets de mathématique ou de physique générèrent une certaine fascination chez ses contemporains qui outrepassa rapidement le petit cercle des seuls amateurs de gravure. À la fin du XVIIe siècle, Le Clerc transforma progressivement son atelier en un lieu de sociabilité savante, et entreprit alors de réaliser sa prétention à devenir un savant à part entière en publiant des traités de cosmologie et d'optique. La nature des interactions entre pratique artistique et pratique scientifique dans l'œuvre de Le Clerc constitue un phénomène tout à fait exceptionnel au sein de l'histoire occidentale. Elle permet alors d'éclairer certains aspects des rapports complexes qu'entretiennent l'art et la science durant le Grand Siècle, et la manière dont se présage la dichotomie que l'on connaît aujourd'hui.

Institutionalized type of organized crime is the most perfidious type in the contextof general concept of a system corrupted foreign policy, continually led by the mostpowerful countries in the world to achieve geo-strategic (geo-economic, geo-political andmilitary) long-term interests in mega capital. It is about an old practice of imperialism andtoday's ex-territorial neo-colonialism. Novelty is that the author theoretically shaped thelevel of organized crime, with scientifically valid arguments. 46 Moreover, in order toimplement such policies, all multilateral political, security and financial organizations, andeven the international courts have been used as instruments. This policy of the mostpowerful countries in the world today has a dominant influence on the internationalpolitical and economic relations. Ultima ratio of this policy is military intervention, with orwithout approval of the UN Security Council, as well as the secret logistics in organizingcivil wars, inter-ethnic conflicts and other various armed riots, state putsch and terroristattacks on sovereign states situated thousands miles away from the aggressor country.Nevertheless, we are witnessing notorious empirical examples from the contemporaryinternational reality of applied methods of "double criteria" for the very similar occurrences,harsh interference in the internal affairs of sovereign countries whose governments do notconverge with the global politics of the dominant power. It is a blatant violation ofprincipals of international public law, even its full suspension. To rationalize these attacks,various excuses are used for alleged prevention of humanitarian disasters, protection ofhuman rights and freedoms and so on.Not even the citizens of great power countries aren't protected from subtledirected terrorist attacks in whose territory the attacks are conducted, if it is in the interestto fabricate public opinion in order to undertake farther steps in the context of the generalconcept of a systematically corrupted politics. There are indisputable scientific evidencesthat by methods of mathematics, physics and chemistry prove that the alleged terroristattacks on September 11, 2001 in New York could not be organized without the logistics of46 About the new typology of organized crime and especially the theoretical new concept, theoretically launched for the firsttime, see: Miodrag Labovic & M. Nikolovski, Organised crime and corruption, Faculty of security, Skopje, 2010, pp. 66-9756the American intelligence services.47 Collateral damage of all these violent "export ofdemocracy" and state terror, expressed in thousands of murdered children, women andolder people, goes beyond any damages that might be done by any other type of organizedcrime. On the contrary, the institutionalized type of organized crime as aggressive war orstate terror remains the "grey zone" of legal restricts in the international documents andnational legislative of the countries in the world.This type of organized crime excludes the individual criminal law liability, betweenother things, since these acts are not treated as an execution of criminal offences by thehighest representatives of those countries, but as a legitimate conduct of foreign policy.Even more, unseen precedent is sought so to exempt the commanders from any criminalresponsibility, as well as the other representatives of the armed forces of the United Statesin front of the International Criminal Court, by which, all the other parties involved in armedconflicts around the world are found to be in a very unequal position. From that point ofview, this type of most perfidious organized crime insofar represents a sociological hiddencrime, and not a crime in the criminal law meaning. Therefore, this crime is unrecognizable,not only for ordinary citizens, but also for the great part of the experts and scientificcommunity.48 The way out of this situation, cannot be found in the apocalyptically fatalisticpredictions or expectations for spontaneous reallocation of historic dominant world powerin the new multi-polar or bipolar world. The way out must be sought in the neutralization ofthe causes that led to the general concept of a system corrupted politics whoseconsequences is institutionalized organized crime and the rapid growth of internationalterrorism. In that context, the new avant-garde scientific notion should play an importantrole, by strengthening the awareness and by creating pressure on all levels for new andfairer international order, distribution of work and incomes.Key words: Institutionalized organized crime, general concept of system corruptedforeign policy, terrorism

Ali E. Abbas (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is an associate professor in the Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. He received an M.S. in electrical engineering (1998), an M.S. in engineering economic systems and operations research (2001), a Ph.D. in management science and engineering (2003), and a Ph.D. (minor) in electrical engineering, all from Stanford University. He worked as a lecturer in the Department of Management Science and Engineering at Stanford and worked in Schlumberger Oilfield Services, where he held several international positions in wireline logging, operations management, and international training. He has also worked on several consulting projects for mergers and acquisitions in California, and cotaught several executive seminars on decision analysis at Strategic Decisions Group in Menlo Park, California. His research interests include utility theory, decision making with incomplete information and preferences, dynamic programming, and information theory. Dr. Abbas is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). He is also an associate editor for the Decision Analysis and Operations Research journals of INFORMS. Email: aliabbas@illinois.edu . Kash Barker (" Decision Trees with Single and Multiple Interval-Valued Objectives ") is an assistant professor in the School of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Oklahoma. He holds a Ph.D. in systems engineering from the University of Virginia, where he was a research assistant in the Center for Risk Management of Engineering Systems, and B.S. and M.S. degrees in industrial engineering from the University of Oklahoma. His primary research interests lie in modeling interdependent economic systems and decision making for large-scale system sustainment, with research funded by the National Science Foundation, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Army Research Office. Email: kashbarker@ou.edu . J. Eric Bickel (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus " and " A Simulation-Based Approach to Decision Making with Partial Information ") is an assistant professor in the Graduate Program in Operations Research (Department of Mechanical Engineering) at the University of Texas at Austin. In addition, Professor Bickel is a fellow in both the Center for International Energy and Environmental Policy (CIEEP) and the Center for Petroleum Asset Risk Management (CPARM). His research interests include the theory and practice of decision analysis and its application in the energy and climate-change arenas. His work has addressed the modeling of probabilistic dependence, value of information, scoring rules, calibration, risk preference, decision education, decision making in sports, and climate engineering as a response to climate change. Prior to returning to academia, Professor Bickel was a senior engagement manager for Strategic Decisions Group. He has consulted around the world in a range of industries, including oil and gas, electricity generation/transmission/delivery, energy trading and marketing, commodity and specialty chemicals, life sciences, financial services, and metals and mining. Professor Bickel is the vice president/president-elect of the Decision Analysis Society and an associate editor for Decision Analysis. He holds an M.S. and Ph.D. from the Department of Engineering–Economic Systems at Stanford University. Email: ebickel@mail.utexas.edu . Vicki M. Bier (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is a full professor in the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where she is currently department chair and also directs the Center for Human Performance and Risk Analysis. She is also the past president of the Decision Analysis Society and is an associate editor for Decision Analysis. Her research interests include applications of operations research, risk analysis, and decision analysis to problems of homeland security and critical infrastructure protection. Email: bier@engr.wisc.edu . Samuel E. Bodily (" Multiplicative Utilities for Health and Consumption ") is the John Tyler Professor of Business Administration at the University of Virginia's Darden School. He has published textbooks and more than 40 articles in journals ranging from Harvard Business Review to Management Science. His publications relate to decision and risk analysis, multiattribute utility, forecasting, strategy modeling, revenue management, and eStrategy. Along with Casey Lichtendahl, he was runner-up for the 2012 Decision Analysis Publication Award. He has edited special issues of Interfaces on Decision and Risk Analysis, and Strategy Modeling and Analysis. Professor Bodily has published well over 120 cases, including a couple of the 10 best-selling cases at Darden. He received the Distinguished Casewriter Wachovia award from Darden in 2005 and three other best case or research Wachovia awards. Professor Bodily is faculty leader for the executive program Strategic Thinking and Action. He is the course-head of and teaches in a highly valued first-year M.B.A. course in decision analysis; has a successful second-year elective, Management Decision Models; and has taught eStrategy and Strategy. He is a past winner of the Decision Sciences International Instructional Award. He has served as chair of the INFORMS Decision Analysis Society. He has taught numerous executive education programs for Darden and private companies, has consulted widely for business and government entities, and has served as an expert witness. Professor Bodily was on the faculties of MIT Sloan School of Management and Boston University and has been a visiting professor at INSEAD Singapore, Stanford University, and the University of Washington. He has Ph.D. and S.M. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a B.S. in physics from Brigham Young University. Email: bodilys@virginia.edu . David V. Budescu (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is the Anne Anastasi Professor of Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology at Fordham University. He held positions at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and the University of Haifa, and visiting positions at Carnegie Mellon University, University of Gothenburg, the Kellogg School at Northwestern University, the Hebrew University, and the Israel Institute of Technology (Technion). His research is in the areas of human judgment, individual and group decision making under uncertainty and with incomplete and vague information, and statistics for the behavioral and social sciences. He is on the editorial boards of Applied Psychological Measurement, Decision Analysis (associate editor), Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition (2000–2003), Multivariate Behavioral Research, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes (1992–2002), and Psychological Methods (1996–2000). He is past president of the Society for Judgment and Decision Making (2000–2001), fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, and an elected member of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychologists. Email: budescu@fordham.edu . John C. Butler (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is a clinical associate professor of finance and the academic director of the Energy Management and Innovation Center in the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin, the outgoing secretary/treasurer of the INFORMS Decision Analysis Society, and an associate editor for Decision Analysis. Professor Butler received his Ph.D. in management science and information systems from the University of Texas at Austin in 1998. His research interests involve the use of decision science models to support decision making, with a particular emphasis on decision and risk analysis models with multiple-performance criteria. Professor Butler has consulted with a number of organizations regarding the application of decision analysis tools to a variety of practical problems. Most of his consulting projects involve use of Visual Basic for Applications and Excel to implement complex decision science models in a user-friendly format. Email: john.butler2@mccombs.utexas.edu . Enrico Diecidue (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is an associate professor of Decision Sciences at INSEAD (France) and holds a Ph.D. from the CentER (Center for Economic Research), Tilburg University, the Netherlands. Since 2001 he has been a resident faculty member at INSEAD, except for 2008–2009 when he was a visiting professor at Wharton and 2010–2011 when he was on sabbatical at the Erasmus School of Economics (the Netherlands). His main research interests are in individual decision making under uncertainty, health decisions, and experimental economics. He is interested in the role of regret, aspiration levels, and time in individual decisions. His current research is also addressing the role of groups in complex and ambiguous decisions. Professor Diecidue's research has appeared in leading journals in economics and management. He is on the editorial board of Journal of Risk and Uncertainty and is an associate editor for Decision Analysis. He teaches M.B.A., executive M.B.A., and executive participants on topics such as uncertainty, data and judgment, decision making under uncertainty, risk management, and management decision making. He has won teaching awards at INSEAD and Wharton. Email: enrico.diecidue@insead.edu . Robin L. Dillon-Merrill (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is an associate professor in the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University. Professor Dillon-Merrill seeks to understand and explain how and why people make the decisions that they do under conditions of uncertainty and risk. This research specifically examines critical decisions that people have made following near-miss events in situations with severe outcomes (i.e., hurricane evacuation, terrorism, NASA mission management, etc.). She has received research funding from the National Science Foundation, NASA, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Homeland Security through the University of Southern California's National Center for Risk and Economic Analysis for Terrorism Events. She has served as a risk analysis and project management expert on several National Academies Committees, including the review of the New Orleans regional hurricane protection projects and the application of risk-analysis techniques to securing the Department of Energy's special nuclear materials. She is an associate editor for Decision Analysis. Email: rld9@georgetown.edu . Raimo P. Hämäläinen (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is a professor of operations research and director of the Systems Analysis Laboratory at Aalto University, Finland. He received his M.Sc. and Dr. Tech. degrees in systems theory and applied mathematics from the Helsinki University of Technology. His research interests include decision analysis, risk and game theory, and experimental economics, as well as dynamic optimization with aerospace applications. He is widely known for his work in environmental decision making and energy policy. He is the designer of widely used decision analysis software, including the first Web-based value tree software, Web-HIPRE; Smart-Swaps; and the Joint Gains negotiation support system. He has recently introduced the concept of Systems Intelligence, which opens a new perspective to organizational learning and personal growth. He is on the editorial board of a number of journals, including Decision Analysis (associate editor), European Journal of Operational Research, Journal of Group Decision and Negotiation, and EURO Journal on Decision Processes. Dr. Hämäläinen has received the Edgeworth-Pareto Award of the International Society for Multiple Criteria Decision Making. He is also the honorary president of the Finnish Operations Research Society. Email: raimo.hamalainen@aalto.fi . Ralph L. Keeney (" Value-Focused Brainstorming ") is a research professor emeritus at the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University. His education includes a B.S. in engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, and a Ph.D. in operations research from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research interests are in the areas of decision making and risk analysis. He has applied such work to important personal decisions and as a consultant for private and public organizations addressing corporate management problems, environmental and risk studies, and decisions involving life-threatening risks. Prior to joining the Duke faculty, Professor Keeney was a faculty member in Management and Engineering at MIT and at the University of Southern California, a research scholar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria, and the founder of the decision and risk analysis group of a large geotechnical and environmental consulting firm. Professor Keeney is the author of many books and articles, including Value-Focused Thinking, Decisions with Multiple Objectives, coauthored with Howard Raiffa, and Smart Choices, coauthored with John S. Hammond and Howard Raiffa, which has been translated into 15 languages. Dr. Keeney was awarded the Ramsey Medal for distinguished contributions in decision analysis by the Decision Analysis Society and is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering. Email: keeney@duke.edu . L. Robin Keller (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is a professor of operations and decision technologies in the Merage School of Business at the University of California, Irvine. She received her Ph.D. and M.B.A. in management science and her B.A. in mathematics from the University of California, Los Angeles. She has served as a program director for the Decision, Risk, and Management Science Program of the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF). Her research is on decision analysis and risk analysis for business and policy decisions and has been funded by NSF and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Her research interests cover multiple attribute decision making, riskiness, fairness, probability judgments, ambiguity of probabilities or outcomes, risk analysis (for terrorism, environmental, health, and safety risks), time preferences, problem structuring, cross-cultural decisions, and medical decision making. She is the outgoing Editor-in-Chief of Decision Analysis, published by the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS). She is a Fellow of INFORMS and has held numerous roles in INFORMS, including board member and chair of the INFORMS Decision Analysis Society. She is a recipient of the George F. Kimball Medal from INFORMS. She has served as the decision analyst on three National Academy of Sciences committees. She has been appointed to the editorial board of the new EURO Journal on Decision Processes. Email: lrkeller@uci.edu . Anton Kühberger (" Explaining Risk Attitude in Framing Tasks by Regulatory Focus: A Verbal Protocol Analysis and a Simulation Using Fuzzy Logic ") is a professor of psychology at the University of Salzburg, Department of Cognition and Development, and a member of the Center of Neurocognitive Research at the University of Salzburg. His research interests include the following areas: judgment and decision making, in particular framing, and the role of risk, ambiguity, and uncertainty in decision making; thinking and reasoning, in particular counterfactual thinking and the notion of rationality; and social cognition, in particular the foundation of the understanding of oneself and others either by a theory of mind or by simulation. In addition, he is interested in the development of scientific methods such as verbal protocol analysis and in understanding the role statistics for the accumulation of knowledge. He is a member of the editorial board of several scholarly journals and currently is vice-dean of the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the University of Salzburg. Email: anton.kuehberger@sbg.ac.at . Kenneth C. Lichtendahl Jr. (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus " and " Multiplicative Utilities for Health and Consumption ") is an assistant professor of business administration at the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia. He is an associate editor for Decision Analysis. He received his Ph.D. in decision sciences from the Fuqua School of Business at Duke University. His research focuses on decision analysis, Bayesian statistics, game theory, and dynamic programming. Email: lichtendahlc@darden.virginia.edu . Jason R. W. Merrick (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is a professor in the Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research at Virginia Commonwealth University. He has a D.Sc. in operations research from George Washington University. He teaches courses in decision analysis, risk analysis, and simulation. His research is primarily in the area of decision analysis and Bayesian statistics. He has worked on projects ranging from assessing maritime oil transportation and ferry system safety, the environmental health of watersheds, and optimal replacement policies for rail tracks and machine tools. He has received grants from the National Science Foundation, the Federal Aviation Administration, the U.S. Coast Guard, the American Bureau of Shipping, British Petroleum, and Booz Allen Hamilton, among others. He has also performed training for Infineon Technologies, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, and Capital One Services. He is an associate editor for Decision Analysis and the EURO Journal on Decision Processes. Email: jrmerric@vcu.edu . Luis Vicente Montiel (" A Simulation-Based Approach to Decision Making with Partial Information ") is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Texas at Austin. His main research interest is mathematical modeling for optimization under uncertainty, with a special interest in decision analysis and simulation learning for optimization. His current research is dedicated to providing a theoretical and practical framework for approximating joint distributions under partial information. Luis has a Ph.D. in operations research from the University of Texas, an M.S. in financial engineering from Columbia University, and an M.S. in management science and engineering from Stanford University. Email: lvmontiel@utexas.edu . Jay R. Simon (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") is an assistant professor in the Defense Resources Management Institute of the Naval Postgraduate School. He holds a Ph.D. in operations and decision technologies from the Merage School of Business at the University of California, Irvine, an M.S. in management science and engineering, and a B.S. in mathematical and computational science from Stanford University. His primary research interest is multiattribute preference modeling, particularly involving outcomes that occur over time, space, or groups of people. His current and recent work includes a prostate cancer decision model, preference models for health decisions, preferences over geographical data, altruistic utility modeling, and multiattribute procurement. He is an associate editor for Decision Analysis and is the webmaster and social media officer for the Decision Analysis Society of INFORMS. Email: jrsimon@nps.edu . Christian Wiener (" Explaining Risk Attitude in Framing Tasks by Regulatory Focus: A Verbal Protocol Analysis and a Simulation Using Fuzzy Logic ") received his doctorate from the University of Salzburg, Austria. His first research area was the application of the EEG in connection with dyslexia. Later he moved to the area of social cognition, where his research was focused on framing and especially the simulation of decision-making behavior using a fuzzy-logic expert system. Since the completion of his dissertation, he has been working as a clinical psychologist with developmentally delayed children. Email: christian.wiener@gmx.at . Kaycee J. Wilson (" Decision Trees with Single and Multiple Interval-Valued Objectives ") completed M.S. and B.S. degrees in the School of Industrial and Systems Engineering at the University of Oklahoma in 2012 and 2010, respectively. Her primary interests lie in healthcare operations and reliability-based decision making, and she holds a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. Email: kaycee.j.wilson-1@ou.edu . George Wu (" From the Editors: Brainstorming, Multiplicative Utilities, Partial Information on Probabilities or Outcomes, and Regulatory Focus ") has been on the faculty of the University of Chicago's Booth School of Business since September 1997. His degrees include an A.B. (applied mathematics, 1985), an S.M. (applied mathematics, 1987), and a Ph.D. (decision sciences, 1991), all from Harvard University. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of Chicago, Professor Wu was on the faculty at Harvard Business School. Professor Wu worked as a decision analyst at Procter & Gamble prior to starting graduate school. His research interests include descriptive and prescriptive aspects of decision making, in particular decision making involving risk; cognitive biases in bargaining and negotiation; and managerial and organizational decision making. Professor Wu is a coordinating editor for Theory and Decision, an advisory editor for Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, on the editorial boards of Decision Analysis (associate editor) and the Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, and a former department editor of Management Science. Email: wu@chicagobooth.edu .