Suchergebnisse

A large number of publications are devoted to the problems of dental health of schoolchildren, which allows us to consider this area sufficiently studied. At the same time, the attitude of schoolchildren to oral health is changing every year, which is reflected in the survey among school-aged population. The data obtained in the survey of schoolchildren play an important role in assessing the epidemiological situation in the main group of dental diseases and the measures necessary for their prevention. In 2017 the government of Russian Federation published the resolution №394 on inclusion of measures on "Primary prevention of dental diseases among the population of the Russian Federation" in the state program of health care development for 2015-2020. The results of the survey of different population groups in the regions of the country are important for the implementation of this program. ; Проблемам стоматологического здоровья школьников посвящено большое количество публикаций, что позволяет считать достаточно изученным данное направление. При этом с каждым годом меняется само отношение школьников к здоровью полости рта, что находит отражение при проведении анкетирования среди детей школьного возраста. Данные, полученные при опросе школьников, играют важную роль в оценке эпидемиологической ситуации в основной группе стоматологических заболеваний и мерах, необходимых для их профилактики. В 2017 г. правительство РФ опубликовало постановление № 394 о включении мероприятий по вопросам «Первичной профилактики стоматологических заболеваний среди населения РФ» в государственную программу развития здравоохранения РФ на 2015—2020 гг. Для реализации данной программы имеют важное значение результаты анкетирования разных групп населения в регионах нашей страны.

Mobile traffic demand is expected to grow as much as eight-fold in the coming next five years, putting strain in current wireless infrastructures. Meanwhile the diversity of traffic and standards may explode as well. One of the most common means for matching these mounting requirements is through network densification, essentially increasing the density of deployment of operators' base stations in many small cells and handling timing critical traffic at the edge. In this paper we take a step in that direction by implementing a virtualized small cell base station consisting of multiple, isolated LTE PHY stacks running concurrently on top of a hypervisor deployed on a cheap, off-the-shelf x86 server and a shared radio head. In particular, we show that it is possible to run multiple virtualized base stations while achieving throughput equal or close to the theoretical maximum. In contrast to C-RAN (Cloud/Centralized Radio Access Network), our virtualized small cell base station has full stack at the edge so that a low latency high throughput front-haul, which is necessary in C-RAN architecture, is not needed. This approach brings all the flexibility and configurability (from network management point of view) that a software based implementation provides while the transparent architecture enables the possibility of multiple standards sharing the same radio infrastructure. ; The projects leading to this paper has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 67156 (Flex5Gware), no. 732174 (ORCA project) and no. 761536 (5G-Transformer).

Actas del III Congreso Internacional de Estudios de Género, Perspectivas y Retos de Futuro: Jóvenes Investigadores (Getafe, 13 - 15 de junio de 2018) organizado por el Instituto Universitario de Estudios de Género de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. ; El cine siempre ha funcionado como espejo y al mismo tiempo como referente de la realidad retroalimentando estereotipos machistas en ambos lados de la pantalla. La aparición de Internet y la democratización de creación y distribución de contenidos que ello ha supuesto dejan una puerta abierta para que la representación de otras realidades sea posible. Así, tratamos de averiguar si esta posibilidad está siendo aprovechada para generar series web que rompan con los estereotipos, que den voz a las mujeres y a sus historias, que reflejen realidades del colectivo LGBTIQ+ o que se centren en temas sociales, entre otras cosas, a través de un análisis feminista de algunas de ellas. ; Cinema has always worked as a mirror and at the same time, as a model for reality, feeding sexist stereotypes on both sides of the screen. The Internet's creation and the democratization of the contents' creation and distribution that came with that leaves an open door so the representation of other realities can be possible. We aim to determine whether this possibility is being used to allow webseries to break stereotypes, vocalise the female narrative, show the reality of LGBTIQ+ collective and focus on social topics, among other things, through a feminist analysis.

This text pretends to illustrate the reader about the main problems that were brought with the establisment of retention declarations presented without total payment, which have no effects, from the tax administration point of view. In the beginning, it was thought that retention agents would be persuaded to present his declarations ith payment. However, it became an obstacle for collecting taxes and it also promoted tax evasion. The legislator established the declarations without effects with the purpose of acelerate collecting taxes thinking about a voluntary compliance. Although, it seems that the legislator forgot that besides voluntary compliance it was needed that the tax administration counts with collecting tools and at the same time it was an opportune moment to evaluate the tax determination procedure. ; El presente artículo analiza problemas que trajo consigo la consagración de la ineficacia de las declaraciones de retención en la fuente presentadas sin pago total desde el punto de vista de la administración tributaria. El mecanismo, que en un principio se creyó que persuadiría a los agentes de retención para presentar sus declaraciones con pago total, terminó convirtiéndose en un obstáculo para la gestión de cobro de la administración tributaria y propició la evasión del impuesto retenido. El legislador contempló la ineficacia con el fin de acelerar el recaudo del impuesto partiendo del cumplimiento voluntario. No obstante, al parecer, olvidó que, además del cumplimiento voluntario, era necesario que la administración contara con herramientas de cobro y que, igualmente, era oportuno revisar el proceso de determinación del impuesto.

Intellectual Property has become the main factor that adds value to companies today, hence it is important the correct control of its "intangible assets". This article will delve into the particularities of the process of foreign investment in Cuba and the contribution of intangibles to the mixed companies by one of the partners for its creation, with destination to the social capital. At the same time, it deepens in the need to correctly handle, in the contractual phase, the elements related to the liquidation of these contributed intangible assets, institution that will be analyzed from the doctrinal, legislative and judicial point of view, carrying out a study of the literature, the norms and the sentences dictated by Cuban institutions. ; La propiedad intelectual se ha convertido en el principal factor que agrega valor a las empresas hoy día, de aquí la importancia del correcto control de estos "activos intangibles". Este artículo se adentrará en las particularidades del proceso de inversión extranjera en Cuba y en el aporte de intangibles a la empresa mixta por uno de los socios para su constitución, con destino al capital social. A la vez, profundiza en la necesidad de manejar correctamente, en la fase contractual, los elementos relativos a la liquidación de estos activos intangibles aportados, institución que se analizará desde el punto de vista doctrinal, legislativo y judicial, realizando un estudio de la literatura, las normas y las sentencias dictadas por instituciones cubanas.

[EN] The historic center of Marinilla, National Monument since 1959, is located sixty minutes from Medellin at San Nicolas Valley. It has exceptional landscape conditions, highly productive lands, and a large percentage of the water reserve that supplies the region and the country, giving the territory an economic center character since the colony. These physical values make part of collective imagination as a recreation area and an opportunity for development in the 1960s, according to the construction of large national infrastructure works. At the same time, it was object of armed conflict in the 1980s and 1990s, and more recently, directly related to the spatial dynamics of the region: unplanned urban expansion, changes in land use and vegetation cover, with effects on the cultural landscape. In a post-conflict situation, the economic strategies of different actors trust on tourism as a social-spatial management strategy to improve the territory. However, the identity of rurality shows spatial imbalances without recognizing elements of historical construction whose legacies must be revealed to ensure equitable development. To do this, we propose an approach from the cultural landscape in a revision of the historical, symbolic and relational transformation through five systems (anthropic, productive, political, symbolic and spatial), analyzing competitiveness, tourism, landscape and social management, in different scales and during three historical moments. ; Montoya, C.; Escobar-Ocampo, LM.; Vélez-Venegas, CM. (2018). Marinilla´s cultural landscape and spacial characterization (Colombia). En 24th ISUF International Conference. Book of Papers. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 87-96. https://doi.org/10.4995/ISUF2017.2017.6201 ; OCS ; 87 ; 96

Zu den großen und drängenden Herausforderungen gehört ein rasches und entschlossenes Handeln, das das Zusammenwachsen der EU fördert, einschließlich der Gründung einer demokratisch kontrollierten europäischen finanzpolitischen Instanz. Die Europäische Zentralbank verschafft den Euroländern weiterhin Zeit, institutionelle Reformen durchzuführen, die den Euroraum als Ganzes stärken. Die stark expansive Geldpolitik ist noch erforderlich, weil die Fiskalpolitik in den Euroländern neutral ausgerichtet ist und kein Verlass auf einen stabilisierenden Eingriff im Falle einer konjunkturellen Abschwächung besteht. In Deutschland werden die nationalen und die europäischen Fiskalregeln derzeit bei weitem übererfüllt. Die entscheidende Herausforderung besteht darin, den Investitionsstau zu überwinden und künftig ein hohes, konjunkturunabhängiges Niveau öffentlicher Investitionen zu gewährleisten. Mit Blick auf die gestiegene Ungleichverteilung in Deutschland wären Erleichterungen bei der Allgemeinverbindlicherklärung von Tarifverträgen und eine Stärkung des Bildungssystems Schritte in die richtige Richtung. ; Swift and decisive action is imperative to promote European integration. This includes setting up a European fiscal institution subject to democratic control. The European Central Bank continues to buy time for policymakers. It should be used to implement reforms geared towards strengthening the euro area. The very expansionary stance remains necessary given the neutral aggregate fiscal stance in the euro area and the fact that the ECB cannot rely on fiscal policy to step up to the plate should the economy falter. In Germany, the requirements of the European and national fiscal rules are not only met but rather considerably exceeded. At the same time, public investment remains too low to compensate for the past undersupply of public infrastructure. The key challenge here is to raise investment to a higher level and maintain that level throughout the business cycle. Raising investment in the educational system is furthermore necessary to address higher inequality in Germany as is a relaxation of requirements necessary to declare collective bargaining agreements generally applicable.

Der Aufschwung der Weltkonjunktur hat in diesem Jahr etwas an Fahrt verloren. Nach einer schwachen Entwicklung zu Jahresbeginn folgte zwar ein recht kräftiger Anstieg der Weltproduktion im zweiten Quartal, jedoch überzeichnet dieser wohl die zugrunde liegende konjunkturelle Dynamik. Auch beginnt sich die Konjunktur international stärker zu differenzieren, als dies im vergangenen Jahr der Fall gewesen war. Zudem sind die Abwärtsrisiken gestiegen. Die von den Vereinigten Staaten ausgehenden Handelskonflikte und ein Rückzug von Finanzinvestoren aus den Schwellenländern belasten derzeit den Ausblick. Am Ölmarkt könnte die anstehende Umsetzung der Iran-Sanktionen für einen weiteren Preisschub sorgen. Für das Jahr 2018 erwarten wir dennoch nach wie vor einen Anstieg der Weltproduktion um 3,8 Prozent, für 2019 haben wir die Prognose etwas - um 0,1 Prozentpunkte - auf 3,5 Prozent reduziert. Im Jahr 2020 dürfte der Zuwachs 3,4 Prozent betragen. Trotz der allmählichen Verlangsamung des konjunkturellen Fahrttempos wird die gesamtwirtschaftliche Kapazitätsauslastung in den meisten fortgeschrittenen Volkswirtschaften hoch bleiben. So wird sich der Preisauftrieb nicht nur vorübergehend aufgrund des kräftigen Ölpreisanstiegs verstärken, sondern auch in der Grundtendenz, denn die Kerninflation wird wohl allmählich anziehen. ; The global economy is losing steam. After a weak start in the beginning of this year, world production accelerated again in the second quarter of 2018. However, the recent expansion probably overstates its underlying momentum. At the same time, the expansion is becoming less even as compared to last year. In addition, global economic prospects remain subject to significant downside risks in light of increasing trade tensions, investors withdrawing funds from emerging markets, and uncertainty concerning the effect of renewed Iran sanctions on oil prices. Our forecast for global growth in 2018 nevertheless remains unchanged at 3.8 percent; for 2019 we slightly revise downwards-by 0.1 percentage points-to 3.5 percent. In 2020 world output is expected to rise by 3.4 percent. Despite the gradual global economic slowdown, capacity utilization in advanced economies will remain high. As a consequence, inflationary pressures will gradually increase beyond the current temporary pick-up of inflation stemming from higher oil prices.

The present study analyzes the problem of representation politics from the studies of the visual and the visual. Starting off of the illustrations of candidates published in a corpus of Chilean magazines of the beginning of the century, work install the question by the permanent questioning of the media to the very constitution of this social agency. The doubts and uncertainties that the installation of an electoral democracy are collected by a series of caricaturists between 1906 and 1920, in a genre particular of illustrated magazines. In this article, we analyze the most significant images of this corpus, which express at the same time the virtues and vices of the candidate's exercise, as well as the tensions that accompany the appearance of electoral democracy in the Chilean political landscape. ; El presente estudio analiza el problema de la representación políticadesde los estudios de lo visual y la visualidad. Partiendode las ilustraciones de candidatos publicadas en un corpus derevistas chilenas de principios de siglo, el trabajo instala la preguntapor el cuestionamiento permanente de los medios de comunicacióna la constitución misma de esta agencia social. Lasdudas e incertitudes que supone la instalación de una democraciaelectoral son recogidas por una serie de caricaturistas entre 1906y 1920, en un género particular de revistas ilustradas. En este artículose analizan las imágenes más significativas de este corpus,que expresan al mismo tiempo las virtudes y vicios del ejerciciodel candidato, así como las tensiones que acompañan la apariciónde la democracia electoral en el paisaje político chileno.

Nas últimas décadas, gênero e sexualidade circunscreveram um inovador campo de crescente produção intelectual, tornando-se ao mesmo tempo foco significativo de incidência política para antropólogas e antropólogos no Brasil. Com vistas a iluminar disputas em jogo no contexto brasileiro atual, em que o conhecimento que produzimos vem sendo duramente atacado, revisitaremos alguns documentos de posicionamento público, divulgados pelo Comitê de Gênero e Sexualidade da Associação Brasileira de Antropologia (ABA) ao longo dos últimos anos. Propomos uma reflexão sobre o tipo de conhecimento que temos produzido sobre gênero e sexualidade, como ele tem impactado o debate público acerca dessas questões e como tem afetado os modos como nossa própria prática científica vem sendo socialmente percebida e avaliada. ; In the last decades, gender and sexuality have circumscribed an innovative field of increasing intellectual production, becoming at the same time a significant focus of political action for anthropologists in Brazil. In order to put into perspective the disputes that are at stake in the current Brazilian context – in which the knowledge we produce has been severely attacked – we will revisit some documents of public positioning, published by the Gender and Sexuality Committee of the Brazilian Association of Anthropology (ABA) over the last few years. We propose a reflection on the kind of knowledge we have produced about gender and sexuality, how it has impacted the public debate about these issues and how it has affected the ways in which our own scientific practice has been socially perceived and evaluated.

Le XIXe siècle a été, en Europe, "le" siècle de la démocratisation de l'enseignement primaire. Les méthodes pédagogiques et l'aménagement des classes ont été débattus. Les maîtres ont gagné un statut; les établissements des édifices. L'architecture scolaire a été inventée. Chaque pays a suivi sa voie et son rythme propres, tout en s'appuyant sur son passé; la France et l'Allemagne, ou plus précisément ses différentes régions, n'ont donc pas toujours fait les mêmes choix. Aussi est–il intéressant d'observer les évolutions des écoles à Strasbourg, dans une ville qui a successivement dépendu de ces deux pays. Mais avant de se pencher sur ces édifices, prenons un peu d'altitude pour embrasser, d'un rapide coup d'oeil, le paysage institutionnel et culturel dans lequel s'est développée l'architecture scolaire en France et en Allemagne. ; 19th century was, in Europe, "the" century of the democratization of primary education. The pedagogical methods and the layout of classrooms were debated. The teachers have gained a status; the buildings facilities. School architecture was invented. Each country has followed its own path and pace, while relying on its past; France and Germany, or more precisely its different regions have thus not always made the same choices. It is also interesting to observe the developments of schools in Strasbourg, in a city that has successively depended on these two countries. However before examining these buildings, let us take an overview to embrace a quick glance, at the institutional and cultural landscape in which the school architecture has developed in France and Germany.

Recent political instabilities and conflicts around the world have drastically increased the number of people seeking refuge. The challenges associated with the large number of arriving refugees have revealed a deep divide among the citizens of host countries: one group welcomes refugees, whereas another rejects them. Our research aim is to identify factors that help us understand host citizens' (un)willingness to help refugees. We devise an economic game that captures the basic structural properties of the refugee situation. We use it to investigate both economic and psychological determinants of citizens' prosocial behavior toward refugees. In three controlled laboratory studies, we find that helping refugees becomes less likely when it is individually costly to the citizens. At the same time, helping becomes more likely with the refugees' neediness: helping increases when it prevents a loss rather than generates a gain for the refugees. Moreover, particularly citizens with higher degrees of prosocial orientation are willing to provide help at a personal cost. When refugees have to exert a minimum level of effort to be eligible for support by the citizens, these mandatory "integration efforts" further increase prosocial citizens' willingness to help. Our results underscore that economic factors play a key role in shaping individual refugee helping behavior but also show that psychological factors modulate how individuals respond to them. Moreover, our economic game is a useful complement to correlational survey measures and can be used for pretesting policy measures aimed at promoting prosocial behavior toward refugees.

It is considered a comparative study of castles within the mountains of Leon and the Távora-Côa watershed from 10th to middle 11th Centuries. Two areas which had in common their recognition to the authority regnante in Legione from the second decade of 10th Century. A political reality whose uniformity was supported by structuralist historiography, although it only can be appreciated if we consider texts emanated from central power in a literal way. Utilizing writing sources from the period combined with the deficient archaeological register, we try to alight on functions castles in these regions could have. At the same time, typology and identity of powers who were acting from all these centres are questioned. ; Se plantea un estudio comparativo entre los castillos de la montaña leonesa y los situados en el interfluvio Távora-Côa, desde los inicios del siglo X hasta mediados del siglo XI. Se trata de dos zonas que guardan en común su reconocimiento hacia la autoridad regnante in Legione desde la segunda década del siglo X, una realidad política cuya uniformidad, tantas veces defendida por la historiografía institucionalista, únicamente se deja ver si tomamos los textos elaborados por el poder central al pie de la letra. A través de las fuentes documentales y del todavía muy deficiente registro material, se intenta dar luz sobre las funciones que los castillos de ambas regiones pudieron ejercer. Al mismo tiempo que se plantea la pregunta sobre la tipología y la identidad de los poderes activos en estos centros.

Critical Theory linked to the tradition of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt has often been periodized considering successive generations of thinkers who encouraged her. From this temporary cut, the so-called "third generation" of Critical Theory renewed its main research incorporating the German tradition of thinking developments of French post-structuralism. In the same direction, a representative of the "fourth generation", Juliane Rebentisch, located in the theories of Claude Lefort and Jacques Rancière new ways of addressing problems of the German idealism, such as aesthetic appearance, its always difficult link with politics. The objective of our work is to unravel the central thesis of Rebentisch regarding his reinterpretation of the aestheticization of politics. ; La Teoría Crítica ligada a la tradición del Instituto de Investigación Social de Frankfurt ha sido frecuentemente periodizada teniendo en cuenta las sucesivas generaciones de pensadores que la animaron. Desde este recorte temporal, la llamada "tercera generación" de la Teoría Crítica renovó sus principales líneas de investigación incorporando a la tradición alemana de pensamiento los desarrollos del posestructuralismo francés. En esta misma dirección, una representante de la "cuarta generación", Juliane Rebentisch, encuentra en las teorías de Claude Lefort y Jacques Rancière nuevas formas de abordar problemas propios del idealismo alemán, tal como el de la apariencia estética, en su vínculo siempre conflictivo con la política. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es desentrañar la tesis central de Rebentisch en lo que concierne a su reinterpretación de la estetización de la política.

The American War of Independence (1775-1783) spelled crisis for the British West Indies. Trade embargos between rebelling and loyal territories, losses to American pirates and hostilities with other European states left the Crown's tropical Atlantic colonies short of the imported supplies that normally sustained their populations and commerce. Historians have studied the dynamics and consequences of these developments in considerable detail, at both regional and local scales, but have tended to focus on economic, social and political dimensions of the subject matter. Although some investigations have highlighted that climate variability compounded agricultural and subsistence problems in certain locations, the role of climate has rarely been subject to the same level of scrutiny. The present paper addresses this theme by focusing on the Lesser Antillean island of Antigua and the severe drought which gripped the colony during the war period. Through extensive analysis of original, largely unpublished archival sources, the implications of deficient rainfall for human livelihoods, fiscal stability and governmental crisis management are examined. By supplementing findings with evidence from other episodes of warfare which coincided with extreme climate phenomena in the late 1700s and early 1800s, it is argued that successive years of drought were pivotal in defining the severe human and economic losses sustained in Antigua during the American independence conflict. The critical agency of this weather event must, however, be understood as the product of its dynamic interaction with the precarious backdrop of a colonial regime under profound socio-economic and geopolitical stress.