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Harry Braverman's "degradation thesis" is only one aspect of Marx's analysis of the labor process. A close reading of Chapters 13 to 15 of Capital Vol. 1, based on English and Japanese preceding studies, shows a dual system of work organization under the capitalist mode of production: concentrated and dispersed. Today's information and communications (ICT)-based work organization could be seen as an example of the latter, i.e., an online-controlled putting-out system. The concentrated work organization has two types: the automation-oriented model consists of mechanized processes maintained by unskilled labor. In contrast, the craft-oriented model is a set of mechanized work that requires different kinds of skilled labor. These definitions urge us to reconsider the general law of capitalist accumulation and the traditional strategy regarding class struggle.

This conclusion provides a comparative survey of the main findings of this special issue and suggests avenues for further research. It shows that the security–stability nexus through which the EU approaches the Southern Mediterranean has experienced some measure of reframing in the wake of the Arab uprisings. While leading the EU towards a more inclusive approach, this partial frame redefinition has on the whole translated into forms of highly selective engagement. This conclusion suggests that this mismatch between the change in frame definition and its enactment in different policy areas can be accounted for with reference to four factors: institutional sources of policy rigidity, time lag, issue politicization and the willingness of Mediterranean partners to engage with the EU.

This conclusion provides a comparative survey of the main findings of this special issue and suggests avenues for further research. It shows that the security–stability nexus through which the EU approaches the Southern Mediterranean has experienced some measure of reframing in the wake of the Arab uprisings. While leading the EU towards a more inclusive approach, this partial frame redefinition has on the whole translated into forms of highly selective engagement. This conclusion suggests that this mismatch between the change in frame definition and its enactment in different policy areas can be accounted for with reference to four factors: institutional sources of policy rigidity, time lag, issue politicization and the willingness of Mediterranean partners to engage with the EU.

This conclusion provides a comparative survey of the main findings of this special issue and suggests avenues for further research. It shows that the security–stability nexus through which the EU approaches the Southern Mediterranean has experienced some measure of reframing in the wake of the Arab uprisings. While leading the EU towards a more inclusive approach, this partial frame redefinition has on the whole translated into forms of highly selective engagement. This conclusion suggests that this mismatch between the change in frame definition and its enactment in different policy areas can be accounted for with reference to four factors: institutional sources of policy rigidity, time lag, issue politicization and the willingness of Mediterranean partners to engage with the EU.

Generating Images of Stratification is a self-contained presentation of a theoretical research program that deals with a significant explanatory problem relating to social inequality and that constructs generative theoretical models in doing so. In more detail: -Self-contained presentation - In respect to the background sociological facts and theoretical ideas and also the formal methods the book provides clear and simple accounts accompanied by examples. - A theoretical research program - The emphasis is on theory development, involving a series of theoretical models constructed within a core framework of principles and methods. - Deals with a significant explanatory problem relating to social inequality - We know from research that how people perceive the stratification system of a society depends upon their position in that system. So the problem is: What process generates this regularity and thereby explains empirical generalizations about the social structuration of images? - Constructs generative theoretical models - The book is an extended presentation of "generative theory" in sociology, a formal method of producing effective theoretical explanations. Generating Images of Stratification is of interest to mathematical sociologists and formal theorists in sociology; sociologists interested in social stratification; methodologists, both in sociology and in other fields; philosophers of social science; and theoretical scientists and mathematicians who are interested in applying their analytical tools to social science topics

International audience ; Afin de continuer notre état des lieux sur les recherches de sciences sociales actuellement menées sur les cadres et les ingénieurs, il nous semblait important de consacrer davantage de place aux jeunes chercheurs, qu'ils soient doctorants ou post-doctorants, afin de valoriser leurs travaux et de permettre au réseau de s'élargir vers d'autres institutions de recherche. Cette journée était aussi l'occasion de faire un point sur les domaines d'étude qui sont investis par les jeunes chercheurs et ceux qui restent encore peu explorés. Cette journée a rencontré un réel succès, puisque douze jeunes chercheurs nous ont présenté leurs travaux de sociologie, de sciences de gestion, mais aussi de sciences politiques et d'ethnologie.La matinée était consacrée aux thèses qui s'intéressent plus particulièrement à l'évolution de l'activité de travail des cadres. La question des outils de gestion appliqués à cette population, et particulièrement de la gestion par les objectifs, des contraintes qu'elles génèrent, de l'évaluation des résultats, de la légitimité du management a été abordée par plusieurs communications. La modification des métiers et des statuts a également été interrogée, à partir de la population des chercheurs en entreprise et du statut atypique des cadres intérimaires. De façon plus large, la matinée se clôturait sur l'effet de ces mutations des structures de production sur le rapport au travail des cadres et la manière dont les sciences sociales peuvent l'étudier.L'après-midi a été centrée autour de la question de l'identité problématique de différents groupes professionnels, et pas seulement des ingénieurs, notamment autour de l'évolution de la fonction d'encadrement. Cette notion d'encadrement a été interrogée à partir d'enquêtes statistiques sur la frontière cadres / professions intermédiaires, ou à partir de l'étude de cadres d'un secteur particulier : l'éducation spécialisée. L'effet des modifications techniques sur l'identité professionnelle a également été évoqué à partir de ...

This work was supported by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC), Directorate of Sustainable Resources, Unit D.4 Economics of Agriculture and DG DEVCO as part of the TS4FNS (Technical Support for Food and Nutrition Security) project (contract JRC 154328). ; Peer reviewed ; Publisher PDF

Evidence to inform assessment of needs of children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) in health settings is limited. A Swiss hospital-based medico-legal consultation for adult victims of violence also detects children's exposure to IPV and refers cases to the Pediatrics Child Abuse and Neglect Team. Based on a conceptual ecological framework, this study examined the nature and circumstances of children's exposure to IPV described in accounts collected by nurses in consultations with adult IPV victims. From 2011 to 2014, 438 parents (88% female) of 668 children aged 0 to 18 sought medico-legal care from the Violence Medical Unit in Lausanne Switzerland following assaults by intimate partners (85% male). As part of the consultation, nurses completed a semi-structured questionnaire with victimized parents, recording their answers in the patient file. Victims' statements about the abuse, their personal, family and social contexts, and their children's exposure to IPV were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and qualitative thematic content analyses were conducted to identify, from the victimized parents' accounts, elements useful to understand the nature and circumstances of children's exposure and involvement during violent events. Parent statements on specific violent events described children being present in 75% of the cases. Children were said to be exposed to, and responded to, severe physical violence, serious threats and insults, in the context of repeated assaults and coercive control. Families, especially mothers, were often coping with additional socio-economic vulnerabilities. Implications for further developing assessments of children living with IPV, especially in health settings were identified.

When Mary Shelley began writing The Last Man in 1824 in the wake of her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley's untimely death, she drew from her close circle of family and friends as models for her main characters. Although it is tempting to view this novel as an autobiographical expiation of the profound sorrow that overwhelmed Shelley at her husband's death, to do so is to underestimate her prescient political insight and to risk overlooking the complex implications of class and rank that suffuse the position of the narrator, Lionel Verney. While Shelley's emotions give a passionate appeal to this novel, her intellectual ideas infuse the novel's powerful critique of British governance. The Last Man is narrated in a political framework in which war and the clash of empires, parliamentary and republican conflict, turbulent revolution, and social and political corruption arrange the fates of the characters. In addition, the plague that silently and invisibly takes over Western Europe and England serves as a spectral process of corrosive malignity from outside, ensnaring all efforts to fix a domestic English system that is collapsing around individuals and the collective.

When Mary Shelley began writing The Last Man in 1824 in the wake of her husband Percy Bysshe Shelley's untimely death, she drew from her close circle of family and friends as models for her main characters. Although it is tempting to view this novel as an autobiographical expiation of the profound sorrow that overwhelmed Shelley at her husband's death, to do so is to underestimate her prescient political insight and to risk overlooking the complex implications of class and rank that suffuse the position of the narrator, Lionel Verney. While Shelley's emotions give a passionate appeal to this novel, her intellectual ideas infuse the novel's powerful critique of British governance. The Last Man is narrated in a political framework in which war and the clash of empires, parliamentary and republican conflict, turbulent revolution, and social and political corruption arrange the fates of the characters. In addition, the plague that silently and invisibly takes over Western Europe and England serves as a spectral process of corrosive malignity from outside, ensnaring all efforts to fix a domestic English system that is collapsing around individuals and the collective.

"This book explores the changing approaches to urban common good in Central and Eastern Europe after 1989. The question of common good is fundamental to urban living, however understanding of the term varies depending on local contexts and conditions, particularly complex in countries with experience of communism. In cities east of the former Iron Curtain the once ideologically imposed principle of common good became gradually devalued throughout the 20th century due to the lack of citizen agency, only to reappear as a response to the ills of neoliberal capitalism around the 2010s. The book reveals how the idea of urban common good has been reconstructed and practiced in European cities after socialism. It documents the paradigm shift from city as a communal infrastructure to city as a commodity, which lately has been challenged by the approach to city as a commons. These transformations have been traced and analysed within several urban themes: housing, public transport, green infrastructure, public space, urban regeneration, and spatial justice. A special focus is on the changes in the public discourse in Poland and the perspectives of key urban stakeholders in three case-study cities of Gdańsk, Kraków and Łódź. The findings point to the need for drawing from best practices of the socialist legacy, with its celebration of the common. At the same time, they call for learning from the mistakes of the recent past, in which the opportunity for citizen empowerment has been unseized. The book is intended for researchers, academics, and postgraduates, as well as practitioners and anyone interested in rediscovering the inherent potential of urban commonality. It will appeal to those working in human geography, spatial planning, and other areas of urban studies"--

International audience ; A witness of Syrian refugee's suffering exiled in Lebanon: the conception of self‑sacrifice to the crossroads between politics and religion. Syrian refugees' exile in Lebanon allows providing a dynamic ethnography of sufferings. Refugees are a long‑time topic for academic research on Middle East but their sufferings are indirectly tackled through memory. The current suffering of Syrian refugees is managed by humanitarian actors who leave no room for social aspects of suffering. The study of social suffering reveals modern and secular assumptions in psychological management of trauma. Suffering is conceived in secular terms as passive and individual whereas refugees give a collective and/or religious signification which reveal active relations to suffering. This conception allows political self‐sacrifice. Thus the study of suffering paves the way for a larger analysis of relations between religion and politics at stake in engagement. ; L'exil des réfugiés syriens au Liban permet de produire une ethnographie des souffrances. Si la recherche sur le Moyen‑Orient s'intéresse depuis longtemps aux réfugiés, leurs souffrances sont étudiées indirectement en termes de mémoire. Au présent, elles sont principalement l'objet d'une gestion humanitaire et psychologique qui ne laisse aucune place à ses aspects sociaux. Étudier la souffrance sociale révèle les présupposés modernes et séculiers de l'approche traumatique qui réduit la souffrance à une expérience individuelle et passive. Pourtant, la dimension collective et/ou religieuse dans laquelle les réfugiés inscrivent leurs souffrances leur permet de la vivre activement. Cette conception offre les conditions de possibilité pour le sacrifice de soi en politique. Ainsi, l'étude de la souffrance nous permet d'élargir notre compréhension des relations entre religieux et politique au coeur de l'engagement.