Suchergebnisse

We leven in tijden van toenemend rechtsextremisme, racisme en populisme. Daarom rijst de vraag: is het oude nationaalsocialisme nu eigenlijk wel verwerkt of overwonnen, zoals vaak wordt geponeerd? Is het in de 21e eeuw inderdaad minder relevant in het onderwijs en de herdenkingscultuur? Gregor Langfeld onderzoekt deze kwesties voor de huidige kunstwereld. Hij laat zien hoe de nationaalsocialistische tweedeling tussen nazikunst en ontaarde kunst na 1945 werd voortgezet, maar met een omgekeerde waardering. Enerzijds zijn door deze zwart-witvisie bepaalde kunstvormen en kunstenaars nog altijd merkwaardig taboe of juist gecanoniseerd. Anderzijds dreigt in een recente tegenbeweging de wel tentoongestelde nazikunst niet ingebed te worden in haar fascistische context. Daarnaast is er het zeer actuele probleem van roofkunst en restitutie. Nederlandse musea erkennen nog te weinig hoezeer de verrijking van hun collecties verbonden is met de Holocaust, en in de discussie over de teruggave van kunstwerken liggen antisemitische argumenten op de loer

The principle of equity plays an important role in the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement. Equity is considered in the assessment of where Parties stand collectively, and the Global Stocktake informs Parties how they can increase ambition and address equity in their new Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). This paper discusses several concepts which can guide the distribution of mitigation efforts, adaptation actions, and means of implementation and support, namely the concepts of responsibility, capabilities, egalitarianism and sufficientarianism. The application of one concept only may not be sufficient to ensure equitable and ambitious climate action. In all areas of climate action, it is critical to take into account individual capabilities, which are different from country to country. It is important to use all available capabilities and opportunities and to increase them. Support plays a critical role in enhancing and facilitating the use of available capabilities. The outputs and outcomes of the Global Stocktake should address the importance of building trust and making a convincing case that a Party's response to climate change, including its new NDC, is fair and ambitious. In their new NDC targets, Parties should take into account their contribution to climate change, e.g., measured in greenhouse gas emissions per capita. In addition, Parties with high capabilities (e.g., measured in gross domestic product per capita) should make use of their resources to pursue ambitious climate action and to provide support to Parties with limited capabilities.

As a Party to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (⁠UNFCCC⁠), since 1994 Germany has been obliged to prepare, publish and regularly update national emission inventories of greenhouse gases. Pursuant to Decision 24/CP.19, all Parties listed in ANNEX I of the ⁠UNFCCC⁠ are required to prepare and submit annual National Inventory Reports (NIRs) containing detailed and complete information on the entire process of preparation of such greenhouse-gas inventories. The purpose of such reports is to ensure the transparency, consistency and comparability of inventories and support the independent review process.