Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Introduction
In Colombia, research on health and conflict has focused on mental health, psychosocial care, displacement, morbidity, and mortality. Few scientific studies have assessed health system functioning during armed conflicts. In a new period characterized by the implementation of the peace agreement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) armed group, understanding the effects of armed conflict on the health system, the functions, and institutions shaped by the conflict is an opportunity to understand the pathways and scope of post-conflict health policy reforms. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effects of armed conflict on the health system, response, and mechanisms developed to protect medical missions during armed conflict in Colombia.

Methods
This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The qualitative guide collected information in four sections: (1) conflict and health system, effects and barriers in health service provision, (2) actions and coordination to cope with those barriers, (3) health policies and armed conflict, and (4) post-accord and current situation. Twenty-two people participated in the interviews, including eight policymakers at the national level and seven at the local level, including two NGOs and five members of international organizations. An academic project event in December 2019 and four focus groups were developed (World Cafe technique) to discuss with national and local stakeholders the effects of armed conflict on the health system and an analytical framework to analyze its consequences.

Results
The conflict affected the health-seeking behavior of the population, limited access to healthcare provision, and affected health professionals, and was associated with inadequate medical supplies in conflict areas. The health system implemented mechanisms to protect the medical mission, regulate healthcare provision in conflict areas, and commit to healthcare provision (mental and physical health services) for the population displaced by conflict.

Conclusion
The state's presence, trust, and legitimacy have significantly reduced in recent years. However, it is crucial to restore them by ensuring that state and health services are physically present in all territories, including remote and rural areas.

Abstract
Anthropization processes confront local wildlife with a new set of conditions that may lead to local extinctions or allow the expansion of some species. This is what happens with the coypu (Myocastor coypus) in gated communities in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (Argentina), where its rapid population growth results in continuous conflicts with the local inhabitants. The aim of this study was to document the daily and seasonal activity patterns and behavior of the coypu in an urban landscape within their natural distribution range. To achieve this, we conducted a camera-trap survey within areas occupied by the species from February to November 2018. The coypu activity was mainly crepuscular and nocturnal with variations between seasons. We found that the seasons with the greatest activity patterns overlap were winter and autumn (84%), while the least overlap was observed between summer and winter (53%). During the active periods, time spent on foraging behavior was dominant. Time dedicated to vigilance was greater in summer than in winter. This result, alongside an increase in nocturnal activity during summer, shows that coypu in this urban landscape shift its behavior when exposed to an increasing human activity. This study brings up more ecological data of this species, which is key to find alternative control methods within gated communities to lead to a harmonic relationship between inhabitants and the species in its native distribution.

How is religious controversy resolved? Although no definitive and agreed-on rule exists for determining constitutionally appropriate standards for sectarian behavior in the public workplace, an assessment of current research provides a framework to understand the diverse interests that this controversial issue engenders. This article traces the historical and legal evolution of the separation of church and state, provides a framework that more clearly defines salient issues, and poses recommendations for the public employer who faces the controversies created by the clash of secular and sectarian interests. In so doing, the article aims to provide both the public employer and employee with a deeper understanding of the complex issues concerning religious expression in the workplace.

Freedom of choosing/believing religion/credo is a right guaranteed by the state (Article 28 E point (2) UUD 1945). Nonetheless, that freedom has become a mere myth since the state involves in violation against the freedom of religion/credo towards the minorities in solving their conflict in several places, particularly in Central Java. This research investigates the responsibility of the state towards that conflict using normative and empiric law approach as problem-solving methods. The result of this research shows several things. First, there found unfairness in the state in solving conflict amongst religious people; Second, there found an involvement from certain religion follower (which supported by the state servant) in conflict amongst religious people and in other violation against the freedom of religion; Third, it has not been unclear the acts of responsibilty from the state about their behaviours; and Fourth, there found no any way for the victims towards state's behavior, to claim their rights. To solve the problem, it needs to be arranged in a normative or politic way about how the state takes responsible in dealing with conflict amongst religious people, either as a mediator or as the perpretator of discrimination or the offender of freedom of religion. Besides, we need also to find some ways for the victim to defend their rights and their freedom.Key words: freedom of religion, conflict, discrimination, responsibility of the state.

The end of the Cold War brought with it a growing optimism about the new world order. It was believed that the political project of liberal modernity (democracy, rights and freedom, individuality and rationality) would at last become a broader reality. The "new wars" which erupted in the 1990's curtailed some of this optimism, but at the same time turned out to be a key moment to expand this liberal project. In fact, notwithstanding the destruction brought on by these violent conlicts, their treatment as deviant behavior that must be put right has reinforced (1) the political program of liberal modernity as a path to peace and (2) the international consensus around this image. Peace-building emerged as the key strategy to bring modernity to such scenarios. However, despite ideological and functional goals, in practice the ontological modernity rhetoric of empowerment was transformed into a technical, hierarchical tool, becoming part of a broader governance framework. This article aims to explore the cumulative discourse produced by the interaction between the ideological and functional components of the political peace-building project. Not only do we argue that the self-sustaining mechanisms of this project can be more widely applied to a growing number of settings, but also that they have captured the minds of those who engage in the project's critical assessment. As such, we will irst focus on the terms and context which have allowed for this political project to gain its unique status. Secondly, we will address both the theory and policy program that have been designed to respond to scenarios of violent conlict. Finally, we will address some critical inferences regarding the project and illuminate the double process of normalization it fosters: materialistic on the one hand, hermeneutical on the other. This study aims, therefore, to contribute to a self-relective critical research agenda.

The South Caucasus continues to be critically important to Eurasian security. The outbreak of fighting in April 2016 between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the breakaway republic of Nagorno-Karabakh introduced new uncertainty and confrontation to the region. Russia's policies here are crucial, as they are in the region's other ethno-political conflicts, in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Sergey Markedonov offers an insider's perspective on the Kremlin's involvement in the region, highlighting its security concerns and stressing that Russia is not taking a universal approach to all of the post-Soviet conflict zones. While the "Western" political and expert community often assumes that territorial revisionism is a kind of idée fixe within Russia, this is far from the case. Each situation demands an individual response from Moscow, as it weighs and pursues its own interests. This in turn explains the improbability of "Crimean situations" multiplying in the South Caucasus. The region undoubtedly harbors risks of confrontation - not only between Russia and the countries of the immediate region but also with such large powers as the US, the EU, Turkey, and Iran - but it also holds several opportunities for cooperation.

Transform team dynamics with practical, real-world tools for sustainable change Fix Your Team is the manager's essential and practical guide to diagnosis and intervention. Packed with expert insight acquired over decades of experience in workplace relations and conflict resolution, this book systematically addresses problems with team dynamics and provides a blueprint for moving forward. Authors Rose Bryant-Smith and Grevis Beard bring a unique combination of legal nous, conflict management expertise, emotional intelligence and business experience to provide a wealth of valuable insights, with robust tools designed for easy implementation. This book offers diagnostic guidance to help you analyse existing issues with confidence, and a clear framework for removing the dysfunction. It includes practical scenarios we can all relate to, and actionable guidance on building buy-in, executing the strategy and looking after yourself through tough transformations. By tackling problems early and providing employees with the opportunity to improve their working relationships, managers, human resources and other internal advisors demonstrate their commitment to productivity, genuine care for employees and dedication to a healthy and ethical working environment. People working in dysfunctional teams will understand better what is going on, and understand what options exist for improvement.-Diagnose team problems and learn what tools are available to help -Determine the best use of resources and choose an implementable fix -Develop a business case for intervention, and get support from the top -Build morale, productivity and collaboration within the team -Upskill employees to ensure sustainable improvements -Build accountability in everyone for a positive workplace culture In today's competitive environment, managers need to bring out the best in everyone. Team dysfunction affects productivity at all levels, and it's contagious - managers must stop the problem before it spreads, to prevent larger and more pervasive issues down the road. Remediating team issues reduces legal and safety risks, but it goes deeper than that. Solving problems before they become public or impact other areas of the business improves the team's respect for managers and leadership, reducing unnecessary turnover and resignations of good staff. Fix Your Team is a groundbreaking handbook for management looking to improve team dynamics, with practical solutions for productivity-killing, unethical and distracting issues. It gives all managers and internal advisors the confidence, strategies and solutions they need to repair tricky, toxic and troubled teams to create a great workplace.

The French labor market is characterized by high unemployment, a very strong segmentation and a high degree of conflict. This thesis returns, in four articles, to the origins of this situation and the public policies that can remedy it. ; Le marché du travail français se caractérise par un chômage élevé, une segmentation très forte et un degré de conflit important. Cette thèse revient, dans quatre articles, sur les origines de cette situation et sur les politiques publiques pouvant y remédier.

The French labor market is characterized by high unemployment, a very strong segmentation and a high degree of conflict. This thesis returns, in four articles, to the origins of this situation and the public policies that can remedy it. ; Le marché du travail français se caractérise par un chômage élevé, une segmentation très forte et un degré de conflit important. Cette thèse revient, dans quatre articles, sur les origines de cette situation et sur les politiques publiques pouvant y remédier.

The French labor market is characterized by high unemployment, a very strong segmentation and a high degree of conflict. This thesis returns, in four articles, to the origins of this situation and the public policies that can remedy it. ; Le marché du travail français se caractérise par un chômage élevé, une segmentation très forte et un degré de conflit important. Cette thèse revient, dans quatre articles, sur les origines de cette situation et sur les politiques publiques pouvant y remédier.

The French labor market is characterized by high unemployment, a very strong segmentation and a high degree of conflict. This thesis returns, in four articles, to the origins of this situation and the public policies that can remedy it. ; Le marché du travail français se caractérise par un chômage élevé, une segmentation très forte et un degré de conflit important. Cette thèse revient, dans quatre articles, sur les origines de cette situation et sur les politiques publiques pouvant y remédier.

The French labor market is characterized by high unemployment, a very strong segmentation and a high degree of conflict. This thesis returns, in four articles, to the origins of this situation and the public policies that can remedy it. ; Le marché du travail français se caractérise par un chômage élevé, une segmentation très forte et un degré de conflit important. Cette thèse revient, dans quatre articles, sur les origines de cette situation et sur les politiques publiques pouvant y remédier.