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Since the early 1980s, the eighteenth-century beginnings of German
mass
migration to North America have been the subject of intense research and
writing. In spite of the multifaceted results of this research on both
sides
of the ocean, the textbook explanation of early German Atlantic migration
has demonstrated a striking persistence. To quote from one of the best
English-language textbooks on German social history, 'from about
1750
on, over-population fuelled…the beginnings of the exodus to North
America'. This interpretation is exactly where scholars such as Wolfgang
von Hippel stood more than a decade ago, and it dovetails with the
migration theories of German population sociology of the 1970s. But is
it right? And what alternative explanations are available? The most
important alternative to the received approach is offered by the concept
of
networks. As Charles Tilly put it, 'categories stay put, networks
move'.
If emigrants moved along lines of contacts and information, we do not
need to refer to strong push or pull factors in order to explain why they
were 'uprooted' from the territorial categories to which they
belonged.
Chain migration can be interpreted as a self-generating and self-sustaining
process, a system in itself. In this perspective, migration becomes more
and more likely because of flows of information, credit or capital between
the areas involved in migration – contacts created by migration cause
additional migration.

The following compilation consists of doctoral dissertations
completed in political science during 2006 and 2007 in the United
States. APSA seeks to maintain complete data on dissertations and if
your name does not appear please let us know so that it can be added
to our database.

Security may be classified into 2 areas: information security, & personnel security. The former is based upon the fact that certain levels of information are of such vital importance to weapons development & national security that the information itself must be sharply circumscribed. The latter stems from a recognition that certain marginal personnel are subject to external pressures to reveal information & certain others because of poor judgment may inadvertently reveal secret information through `loose talk'. Most criticism of the security system is predicted on the abuse of individual rights. It is suggested that a more valid criticism is the lack of a defined purpose. The opinion is offered that more is lost to the national security than gained by the rigid classification of information. The development of an anti-submarine device was so delayed in WWII because of the restriction of information that it never made a `kill'. Personnel security has been accompanied by inappropriate adman due to poorly equipped investigators & contradicto y rulings. Extraneous pol'al issues. involving scape-seating & the suspicion of making jobs available by removing incumbents have further confused the security system. The channelizing of public fears & anxiety into discrimination against the `security risk' has resulted in the abridgement of individual econ & civil rights & liberties. Security is a necessity. But only a properly organized security system will afford protection & assure the full utilization of sci'fic personnel. `...the first step in solving these problems should be a thorough re-evaluation of the meaning & purpose of the security program in this country.' AAAPSS.

Vol. 1: Liberalisation and internationalisation. - 2004. - XIII,317 S. : Tab., Lit. S. 281-317. - ISBN 2-86978-124-5; Vol. 2: Knowledge and society. - 2004. - XII, S. 321-657 : graph. Darst., Tab., Lit. S. 619-650. - ISBN 2-86978-125-3

Evaluierungsstudie zur Beteiligung von Frauen an Entwicklungsprojekten am Beispiel von Swasiland

Sci & technology are major change agencies now operating on a global scale. The narrowing interval between sci'fic discovery, technological implementation, & soc use has increased the general rate of change. Our monitoring & accounting procedures for the diff'ial rates of such changes in various sectors of society, & for their short-& long-term consequences, are presently inadequate. The available indicators in these areas tend to be quantitative rather than qualitative. To provide more positive measures of soc progress, & earlier warning of the soc & environmental effects of new sci'fic-technical developments, present indicator procedures need to be redesigned. Such extended & qualitative indicators will further require integration, & interpretation, within a comprehensive system of soc accounting. Modified HA.

The author considers the deep transformations suffered by Latin American social sciences after the changes occurred in world economy, which in turn gave way to the establishment of neoliberal regimes; and analyses the crisis of alternative projects of development and social change, which favored the growth of defeatist and conformist views in intellectual and academic groups previously engaged to the option of a radical transformation of our societies. She proposes a critique of neoliberal regimes based in their weaknesses, false promises of growth and in their failure to acquire a more equitative insertion of our economies in world system; and argues in favour of the establishment of some principles that can allow the restructuring of social sciences through options of democratic change and dignification of collective life in Latin America. ; En el trabajo se plantean las profundas transformaciones que han sufrido las ciencias sociales latinoamericanas a partir, por una parte, de los cambios en la economía mundial, que dieron lugar a la implantación de regímenes neoliberales y, por otra, de la crisis de visiones alternativas de desarrollo y cambio social que favorecieron la proliferación de perspectivas derrotistas y conformistas en sectores intelectuales y académicos antes comprometidos con la opción de una transformación radical de nuestras sociedades. La autora propone la crítica al régimen neoliberal basándose en sus debilidades, falsas promesas de crecimiento y en su fracaso para lograr una inserción más equitativa de nuestras economías en el sistema mundial; establece algunos elementos que pueden dar lugar a una restructuración de las ciencias sociales en función de opciones de cambio democrático y de dignificación de la vida colectiva en América Latina.

1. The Idea of Science in Husserl and the Tradition -- 2. Comments on Henry Margenau's 'Phenomenology and Physics' -- 3. Life-World as Built World -- 4. Indirect Mathematization in the Physical Sciences -- 5. Of Exact and Inexact Essences in Modern Physical Science -- 6. Husserl's Phenomenology and the Ontology of the Natural Sciences -- 7. Parts, Wholes and the Forms of Life: Husserl and the New Biology -- 8. Critical Realism and the Scientific Realism Debate -- 9. Realism and Idealism in the Kuhnian Account of Science -- 10. The New Relevance of Experiment: A Postmodern Problem -- 11. The Problem of Experimentation -- 12. Toward a Hermeneutic Theory of the History of the Natural Sciences -- Bibliography of Phenomenological Philosophy of Natural Science -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Topics.

This article provides an overview of the elements necessary to build a sustainable research data infrastructure. I argue that it needs the financial and intellectual engagement of a community of practice. Most attention has been paid to researchers and policy-makers, but a third group—government programmatic agencies—must be a focal point since they act as both data producers and as policy implementers. I also discuss possible business models that are both consistent with serving the needs of multiple stakeholders and that are not completely dependent on the largesse of the public purse.