Suchergebnisse

Most agricultural research organizations strive to address societal challenges and contribute to positive societal impacts. Fulfilling this ambition involves embedding a culture of impact in organizational culture, which, in our view, entails three main elements: understanding the role of the research community in contributing to impacts over the long term within the systems in which it operates; equipping researchers to support positive change; and implementing strategies that allow the culture of impact to percolate at various levels of the organization. To build just such a culture, in the past 8 years, Cirad, the French Agricultural Research Center for International Development, embarked on a transformational process, from which we draw key lessons. Building a culture of impact requires fostering transdisciplinary dialogue on the multiple roles of researchers, on their contribution to societal impacts, and on the relevance of this reflection. This involves adapting from pre-existing visions, interactions, and practices. Formalization in the organization's strategy and the action of leading change agents foster its institutionalization. Strengthening capacity to build shared visions of change and collective processes in research design, implementation, and evaluation while respecting the diversity of profiles and approaches in the organization favors appropriation. This requires adequate funding at the project, institutional and funding bodies level, and targeted communication to ensure buy-in by internal and external change agents. We argue that a culture of impact is a reflective culture and long-term dynamics that aims to overcome the dichotomy between research and development and bring agricultural research closer to societal needs.

Organisée du 30 août au 1er septembre 1993 à Genève, ville qui fut le «berceau» du droit humanitaire, la Conférence internationale pour lprotection des victimes de la guerre a constitué un événement majeur de la vie internationale. Les diplomates de la quasi-totalité des nations ont eu alors l'occasion non seulement d'examiner les problèmes généraux du droit international humanitaire, mais aussi de dèbattre de ce qu'il convient de faire pour relever les défis actuels, notamment l'escalade des conflits armés et les violations du droit international humanitaire.

The article considers the issues of international cooperation of states in the field of information security, including Ukraine and the European Union. The preconditions for the formation of the international information security system and the role of the UN in its provision, legal approaches to the regulation of this interaction are analyzed. ; У статті розглядаються питання принципів міжнародної взаємодії держав у сфері безпеки, в тому числі України та Євросоюзу. Аналізуються передумови становлення системи міжнародної безпеки та роль ООН в її забезпеченні, правові підходи до регулювання цієї взаємодії.

A lot has been debated upon the nature of federalism in India. A few consider it quasifederal, few consider it federal and a few others consider it federal with a centralizing tendency. India's obligation to abide by the International law is one of the pointers that have led to the debate of the state not being an independent unit in the Indian federal system. Federalism in India would be discussed with reference to India's obligation in the International order with special mention to TRIPS (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Law). Obligations under TRIPS had led to the amendment of the Patent Act which has impacted the agricultural and pharmacy sector both of which fall within the ambit of the State unit and not the Center. Whether India's obligation under Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) usurps the power from states that they are entitled to have under the Constitution of India? On the other hand, noncompliance with the State's International obligations would tarnish the image of the State in the global order due to violation of the principle of Pacta Sunt Sevaranda. This article critically analyses India's treaty-making power under the Constitution and stresses on the need for the procedure to be compliable with the principle of federalism by incorporating the State units in the treaty- making process.