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This paper examines recent developments in the law and policy of the Republic of Congo regarding the environment, energy, and natural resources. It focuses on developments during the year 2020. In this regard, the first part presents the various aspects of international environmental law that have been incorporated into the national legislation and thus enrich it. The second part, on the other hand, deals with national legislation on agriculture, fisheries, land ownership, energy, and natural resources.

В статье в свете современных тенденций развития международного частного права анализируются основные, по мнению автора, проблемы законодательства по коллизионным вопросам Республики Беларусь. Определяются общие подходы к разработке нового белорусского законодательного акта в данной сфере. = The author analyses the main problems of the Republic of Belarus confl ict law legislation in the light of contemporary tendencies of international private law. The common approaches to the new legislative act development in this sphere are defi ned.

Highly volatile electricity prices are becoming a more frequent and unwanted characteristic of modern electricity wholesale markets. But low demand elasticity, mainly the result of a lack of incentives and consumers' inability to control demand, means that consumer behaviour is not reflected in the cost of energy. This study analyses the impact of price-responsive demand and shows how pricing, policy and technology can be used to inform consumer behaviour and choice. Informed choice and market-based valuation of electricity supply will ensure liberalised markets are competitive, efficient, less volatile and able to provide long term security of supply.

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has been high on the environmental policy agenda of many countries due to its rapidly increasing volume and concerns over its toxicity and the critical metals it holds. To date, 59 countries have passed laws for WEEE management (excluding State level legislation in the USA and Canada). Most of these laws are based on the principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR) but their treatment of allocation of responsibility and system operation differ considerably. This study reviews the implementation models of EPR which are classified into two broad groups: producer compliance schemes and governmental funds. The advantages and disadvantages of each model are analyzed and a synthesis proposed for Thailand in the form of a step-wise hybrid model, considering local conditions. A new draft law, the Act on the Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Other End-of-Life Products, differs from earlier drafts solely based on the governmental-fund model. Under the proposed system, producers of designated products would have an opportunity to develop their compliance plans individually or collectively. This would allow them to channel their experiences of working with EPR in other countries to the implementation of Thai WEEE management schemes. The compliance plans have to outline how they intend to support the free take-back obligations stipulated in the draft law. Collection targets can be added to improve system performance in the later years. Unlike a typical producer-led system, the government retains the power to levy product fees into the National Environmental Fund. This ensures the leverage in the case that the producer's plans fail to function in a developing country context. Revenues would then be earmarked to support investments and campaigns to achieve the objectives of this law.

The vast development in the socio, economic and political spheres of the contemporary society makes governance more demanding and cumbersome which necessitated the rational for a system of administration where Governmental powers and functions can legally be delegated to individuals and or corporate bodies otherwise known as administrative bodies to carry out the functions and powers of Government in modern society. Every power and functions of Government and its agencies are traceable to the Constitution which creates the power and functions or an enabling law created by the said Constitution where such powers and functions are expressly spelt out. Administrative agencies saddled with the responsibility of performing the functions of Government must be properly created and must at all-time act within the scope of power created by the enabling law. Abuse by the administrative agencies in the exercise of their functions is inevitable, and hence this research through doctrinal methodology also examined the system of law that oversees the internal operations of Government agencies through developments of administrative law principles like rule of law and judicial review that have evolved over time by statute and by judicial pronouncements. Albeit various theories in administrative law like red, green and amber light have emerged over the years with conflicting arguments, nonetheless the court are always ready to grant remedies to an aggrieved citizen whenever the administrative agencies exceed or abuse its powers.

The objective of this study was to analyse the correlations among the sports psychological profile, competitive anxiety, self-confidence and the flow state of young football players. Additionally, potential distinctions based on age category, competitive level and field position were explored. This study included 328 participants divided into two groups: Group 1, 14–15 year olds, and Group 2, 16–18 year olds (M = 15.85; SD = 1.44). Data were collected by using the Psychological Inventory of Sports Execution (IPED), the Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R) and the Flow State Scale (FSS). The findings revealed positive associations between the sports psychological profile and self-confidence, as well as with the flow state. Conversely, competitive anxiety demonstrated negative relationships with the sports psychological profile, self-confidence and the state of flow. Moreover, superior scores were observed in the analysed variables for the older age category and higher competitive level, with no notable disparities based on field positions. These results underscore the interplay of psychological factors in the performance of football players and underline distinctions among players according to their category (age and level). This emphasises the importance of scrutinising these variables in athletes to comprehend their profiles and enable targeted interventions aimed at enhancing their psychological resources for competitive scenarios.