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This report provides committee funding requests for the 109th Congress and authorizations for House committees in the 104th - 108th Congresses.

This report presents a brief overview of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) programs for veterans as well as some of the issues that have been or likely will be subjects of congressional attention during the 109th Congress. In particular, it outlines the veterans benefits provisions that have seen legislative action. Issues concerning the Veterans Health Administration and health care issues are discussed in a companion report, CRS Report RL32961, Veterans' Health Care Issues in the 109th Congress, by Sidath Viranga Panangala.

The U.S. Senate and the meaning of dysfunction / C. Lawrence Evans and Wendy J. Schiller -- Lending and reclaiming power : majority leadership in the House from the 1950s to Trump / John H. Aldrich and David W. Rohde -- Voters, candidates, parties, and issues in Congressional elections / Robert S. Erikson and Gerald C. Wright -- Partisanship, money, and competition : elections and the transformation of Congress since the 1970s / Gary C. Jacobson -- Women running, women winning : voter pPreferences in 2018 / Danielle M. Thomsen -- Black-Latino relations in Congress : examining institutional context and inter-minority group relations further / Rodney E. Hero and Robert R. Preuhs -- The dynamics of party government in Congress / Steven S. Smith and Gerald Gamm -- House parties, divided : intraparty organization in the contemporary Congress / Ruth Bloch Rubin -- The struggle to legislate in polarized times / Sarah Binder -- The war over judges in the Senate / Gregory Koger -- Enduring continuities in Congressional lawmaking / James M. Curry and Frances E. Lee -- Legislative styles and the dynamics of Congressional behavior / Tracy Sulkin -- The politics of the budget and appropriations process in a polarized Congress / Molly E. Reynolds -- Party, ideology, and legislative effectiveness in the U.S. Senate / Craig Volden and Alan E. Wiseman -- Congressional investigations in a polarized era or has polarization (and Trump?) broken the investigative check / Douglas L. Kriner and Eric Schickler -- How Congressional polarization is transforming the separation of powers / Nolan McCarty -- The 2020 Congressional elections in a time of Covid-19, economic turmoil, and Trump / Lawrence C. Dodd and Bruce I. Oppenheim.

Report on the immigration reform issues faced by the 111th Congress, with a focus on the multi-tiered immigration debate.

Recent events suggest continued congressional interest in campaign finance policy. This report provides an overview and analysis of 110th Congress legislation addressed in hearings or that has passed at least one chamber. The report also discusses two policy developments: Federal Election Commission nominations and a recent Supreme Court ruling that could affect future political advertising. As of the writing of this report, approximately 50 bills devoted largely to campaign finance have been introduced in the 110th Congress, but none have become law. This report contains a brief historical overview, campaign finance legislation in the 110th Congress, and recent developments.

This report provides brief legislative background for Older Americans Act programs expired at the end of FY1995. The report discusses issues with re-authorization and 106th Congress proposals.

Congressional decisions with redistributive effects are frequently made by unanimous or near unanimous coalitions, suggesting a norm of universalism. Simple expected-value arguments based on the rewards to legislators of the coalition of the whole & the uncertainties of minimal winning coalitions, however, do not directly describe how legislators make decisions, & thus fail to show why it is against members' self-interest to defect from a norm of universalism. Further, inefficiencies in legislation can only be explained by additional assumptions or appeals to secondary norms. An alternative model is proposed, based on constituency motivations, that establishes universalism as an optimal individual choice & accommodates inefficient legislation directly. 5 Figures, 18 References. Modified HA

This report discusses the legislation by the 104th Congress to increase overall adoption rates by prohibiting racial and other discriminatory practices in the adoption process. The report identifies this as a provision of the Small Business Job Protection Act, which will also increase minimum wage.