Suchergebnisse

Ressourcen-Konflikte - unter diesem Motto steht der 49. Deutsche Historikertag in Mainz vom 25. bis 28. September 2012. Mit Ressourcen-Konflikte greifen die Veranstalter ein Thema auf, das nicht nur in den Geschichtswissenschaften Konjunktur hat: So zeigen Debatten um Ressourcenknappheit, Verteilungsgerechtigkeit oder "Sustainability", dass die Politik ständig nach probaten Strategien und Institutionen sucht, um Ressourcen-Zugang und Ressourcen-Verteilung organisieren und schließlich Konfliktvermeidung gewährleisten zu können. Dass politische Macht selbst auf möglichst wertvollen und ausreichenden - materiellen wie immateriellen - Ressourcen beruht, ist dabei so offenkundig wie historisch belegt. Angesichts wirtschaftlicher und ökologischer Krisen stellt sich die Frage nach Steuerungsmöglichkeiten heute wieder besonders dringlich. Folgerichtig "boomt" auch in den Sozialwissenschaften die Forschung, die sich theoretisch und empirisch mit Fragen zu Ressourcen-Konflikten auseinandersetzt; so beispielsweise im Bereich der Wirtschaftssoziologie, der politischen Ökonomie oder in der Friedens- und Konfliktforschung. Die hier vorliegende GESIS-Servicepublikation aus der Reihe Recherche Spezial möchte die Perspektive des Historikertages gleichzeitig verengen und erweitern: Verengen, indem sie sich ganz auf die "klassischen" materiellen Ressourcen wie die natürlichen Rohstoffvorkommen, Atmosphäre und Ökosysteme konzentriert. Die Forschungsdiskussion wird neben dem fast schon traditionellen Schwerpunkt Öl derzeit sehr stark durch die knappe Ressource Wasser als dem prägenden "Konfliktstoff des 21. Jahrhunderts" beherrscht. Erweitert wird die Perspektive durch den dezidiert "sozialwissenschaftlichen Blick". Wenn der Historikertag der Historizität des Themenkomplexes Ressourcen-Konflikte nachgeht, dann möchte die vorliegende Literatur- und Forschungsdokumentation die thematische Bandbreite von Ressourcen-Konflikte im Bereich der Sozialwissenschaften aufzeigen. Dies erfolgt grob aufgeteilt in sechs Literaturabschnitte: Theorie - Geschichte - Knappheit - Nachhaltigkeit - politische Steuerung sowie Konflikte & Krieg.

The most important categories of scientific &/or quasi-scientific works & sources on the contemporary military that have appeared in socialist states are outlined, & it is pointed out that major characteristics of these works stem largely from the peculiarities of the socialist political systems & their dominant ideologies. The great imbalance between the immense quantity &, on average, low scientific quality of the works is discussed, along with the relationship between this production & Marxism. HA

When Chingiz Aitmatov's Plakha first appeared in Novyi mir in 1986 many readers here were astounded at the uncanny ability of this established author to ride the wave of the future. This sensational novel, with its stark portrayal of the drug trade, exploitation of the environment, and social alienation in the Soviet Union, was seen by many as the ultimate expression of newfound creative freedoms under Mikhail Gorbachev. For all its seeming novelty, however, Aitmatov's venture into the area of exposé literature has not been an isolated incident. Plakha is only one of a number of recent Soviet novels that focus exclusively on the ills of contemporary Soviet society.The appearance of exposé literature under glasnost could be viewed simply as a direct effect of the loosening of controls under Gorbachev. Its emergence at this time, however, is actually the result of a whole complex of factors, only one political. Soviet literature has already dealt with such issues as the environment, impending nuclear catastrophe, and a disappearing national memory. These issues, in fact, form the thematic core of the trend of fantastic literature that immediately preceded glasnost and ushered in fundamental changes in Soviet literary discourse. This article is an attempt to examine four Soviet novels that appeared before the era of glasnost. My purpose is to elucidate the nature of the changes occurring in Soviet literature in the mid-1970s and early 1980s and the contribution of this literature to glasnost.

Abstract. One of the most effective mechanisms for obtaining an overview of the general direction of political science in a particular country is an examination of the output of its journal literature. This article lists the contents of the 1996 issues of selected European political science journals from a range of European countries (normally, those published by national political science associations) and comments on their content. Recent developments in three types of publishing on the world wide web are also reviewed and the relevant addresses are supplied. First, print journals increasingly maintain a minimal presence on the web, but in certain cases this extends a good deal further, to include abstracts or even the full texts of selected articles and links to related resources. Second, European governments are now all represented on the web in one form or another, though they vary greatly in terms of the range of governmental institutions covered and in the volume of documentation available. Third, the huge increase in political coverage on the web makes the indexing of this material all the more important, and we offer a listing of the major guides to national political science resources.

One of the most effective mechanisms for obtaining an overview of the general direction of political science in a particular country is an examination of the output of its journal literature. This article lists the contents of the 1996 issues of selected European political science journals from a range of European countries (normally those published by national political science associations) and comments on their content. Recent developments in three types of publishing on the world wide web are also reviewed and the relevant addresses are supplied. First, print journals increasingly maintain a minimal presence on the web, but in certain cases this extends a good deal further, to include abstracts or even the full texts of selected articles and links to related resources. Second European governments are now all represented on the web in one form or another though they vary greatly in terms of the range of governmental institutions covered and in the volume of documentation available. Third, the huge increase in political coverage on the web makes the indexing of this material all the more important, and we offer a listing of the major guides to national political science resources. (European Journal of Political Research / FUB)