Mit dem beginnenden 20. Jahrhundert wurde der Industriebetrieb zu einem paradigmatischen Ort der Moderne. Von der Gestaltung der Arbeitsverhältnisse schien nun weit mehr abzuhängen als nur eine möglichst effiziente Produktion: Es ging um das gesellschaftliche Ganze.Timo Luks analysiert industriebetriebliches Ordnungsdenken und Social Engineering als wirkmächtige Versuche, die Entfremdungs- und Desintegrationserscheinungen der Industriegesellschaft zu überwinden. Er zeigt, wie der Betrieb unter Rückgriff auf sozialökologische Denkweisen zu einer ebenso sozialen wie räumlichen »Umwelt« geworden ist.
Rēzekne Special Economic Zone (RSEZ) was established in 1997 as state stock company in order to promote trade, develop production and transport, as well as import and export of goods through Latvia. RSEZ administers state aid in form of tax allowances. During the 20 years of the history of RSEZ several substantial changes have taken place, determining overall development of RSEZ. In 2004 the legal status of the organization was changed due to amendments in legal acts of Latvia. It was reformed from a non-profit organization into a stock company. The ministry of Economics of the Republic of Latvia handed over its stocks of RSEZ to Rēzekne city; subsequently from 2004 to 2010 55% of the stocks were owned by Rēzekne City Council. Regardless of the fact that the control interest was owned by public institutions, RSEZ was a subject of private law and that contradicted the aim of the establishment of RSEZ i. e. promotion of regional development. It determined the necessity to make changes in the functioning of RSEZ. As a result the legal status of RSEZ was changed again in 2010 from stock company to joint municipal institution and amendments with regard to the territory of RSEZ were made. Simultaneously with the aforementioned transitions the economic and politic situation in the country changed – in 2004 Latvia became a member state of the European Union and harmonization of legal acts was performed in accordance with the requirements of the EU. Since 2004 several times substantial amendments have been made in the legal acts regulating the operation of RSEZ and overall its competitiveness and attractiveness for the investments has decreased. Nevertheless the last five years had been the most successful since the establishment of RSEZ. It is possible to distinguish two stages in the development of RSEZ 1) 1997–2010; 2) 2010 – up to nowadays. Altogether RSEZ enterprises (since 2001) have invested almost 150 million euros, from which 120 million euros had been invested in last 10 years and 80 million euros – in last 5 years. The turnover of RSEZ enterprises in 2016 was 84.5 million euros (70.5 million euros – in 2015). In comparison with 2009 the turnover of RSEZ enterprises has increased by 60 million euros or more than 3 times. In the recent years prospects of growth and investment attraction in Latvia and Europe are encumbered by political instability and slow economic growth of Eurozone. Certainly an important factor for investment attraction is developed and qualitative business infrastructure. Therefore significant is the role of the initiatives of municipalities related to implementation of EU Structural Fund financed projects in RSEZ territory as well as proactive work of RSEZ in investment attraction. The paper describes the RSEZ regulatory framework, activities and results achieved in the past, as well as future challenges. The research has been based on the database of RSEZ business research and analysis information system, as well as on the European Union and Latvian policy and development planning documents, laws and regulations. It was found that the RSEZ results and performance indicators have improved after the change of the legal status of RSEZ in 2010. RSEZ enterprises make an important contribution to the development of Rēzekne city and Rēzekne region.
The article reveals the conceptual defects of the designed and currently law-supported budget three-year plan — 2021–2023. Among them, the author includes the authorities' desire to continue using a rigid budget rule and the implementation of tax maneuvers. The author argues that there is a direct link between the effects of the budget rule and deceleration of the GDP growth in Russia. Overcoming the country-specific recession and the problem of excessive focus of the Russian economy on natural resource extraction should arguably be driven by an increased share of the government spending on its diversification, which requires a substantial relaxation or cancelling of the budget rule. The author concludes that the tax maneuver presents a barrier to curing the «Dutch disease» of the country's economy and therefore requires serious corrections while preserving excise duties on oil and gas exports and to the contrary, reducing the natural resource extraction tax rates.
У статті проаналізовано історичний досвід організації та діяльності міжнародних навчально-тренувальних місій для Сил оборони України, організованих країнами-партнерами, союзниками України під час російської агресії (2014–2023 рр.). Відзначено, що ці місії є складовою широкого міжнародного військового співробітництва України із країнами-союзниками. Допомога міжнародного співтовариства нашій країні озброєнням і військовою технікою вимагає налагодження навчання українських військовослужбовців для ефективного ведення сучасного бою, застосування стандартів НАТО. Висвітлено історію створення найбільших навчальних місій для ЗС України: американської «JMTG-U», канадської «UNIFIER» та британських «ORBITAL» та «Операції INTERFLEX». Відзначено, що міжнародні тренувальні місії відіграють важливу роль у підготовці військовослужбовців ЗС України для успішних та злагоджених дій на театрах сучасної російсько-української війни. Із початком війни ЗС України почали поглиблено вивчати особливості військових стандартів НАТО й встали на шлях запровадження цих стандартів у бойове повсякдення. Зроблено висновок, що навчальні місії зробили значний внесок у підвищення кваліфікації та підготовку фахових кадрів для Сил оборони Україні і мають важливе значення у підвищенні бойових спроможностей ЗС України у ході російсько-української війни.
HauptbeschreibungSeit Jahrhunderten leben in den Ländern Europas Menschen unterschiedlicher Religionen zusammen. Dabei können sich nationale und religiöse Zugehörigkeit wechselseitig verstärken, aber auch schwere Konflikte erzeugen. Europa bietet eine Art Labor der Geschichte, um die schwierige Beziehung zwischen Nation und Religion zu untersuchen, denn die christlichen Konfessionen, das Judentum und auch der Islam prägen die Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmung Europas bis in die Gegenwart. Die Autorinnen und Autoren des Bandes betrachten die religiöse Durchdringung nationaler Leitbilder im 19. und 2.
Considers arms sales by the U.S., Germany, and private corporations, to India, Pakistan, and Iran. The testimony of William J. Handley, Lucius D. Battle, and Lt. Gen. Joseph F. Carroll has been entirely deleted. ; Stuart Symington, subcommittee chairman. ; Cover title. ; Considers arms sales by the U.S., Germany, and private corporations, to India, Pakistan, and Iran. The testimony of William J. Handley, Lucius D. Battle, and Lt. Gen. Joseph F. Carroll has been entirely deleted. ; Mode of access: Internet.
A letter from Laurence L Doggett to Charles A. Palmer dated June 22, 1916. In the letter, Dr. Doggett responds to the previous letter Palmer sent him. In the letter he talks about Frank G. Armitage and Mark G. Glanvill. ; Charles A. Palmer grew up in Ottawa, Ontario, and graduated from the Silver Bay Summer School in 1909. He served as the physical director and then general secretary for the St. Johnsbury YMCA (Vermont). Palmer then traveled back to Canada, where he attended the Quebec Provisional Military School. After graduating with a captain's commission, he served as captain and adjutant to the Highland Cadet Battalion. Palmer graduated from Springfield College in 1916, before he was called to fight with the 5th Pioneers, Overseas Battalion. During the war, he was promoted to captain. After the war, Palmer taught physical education and coached at Stadium High School in Tacoma, Washington. His swimming team and tennis team both won several state championships. During this time, he also coached the Tacoma YMCA team on to win several Pacific Northwest championships. He died on June 25, 1945.
Indicators and their composite indices have been embraced as development tools for guiding humanity toward a sustainable destination. In response, public and private organizations have generated hundreds of these metrics, making their application overwhelming to policymakers, planners, and scientists. Past reviews have revealed that a majority of common development indices have theoretical or quantitative shortcomings, supporting that there is no consensus regarding their theoretical basis, design, use, thresholds-of-effect, or validation. In response, this study was designed around four guiding research questions: (i) What are the underlying development themes within a collection of established sustainability indices, and what distinguishes winning locations from losing ones? (ii) Are the three major divisions of sustainability (economic growth, social equity, environmental integrity) equally represented by current sustainable development measuring initiatives? (iii) Could just a few common and freely available indicators capture all present dimensions of sustainable development? (iv) Would a new sustainable development mega-index research paradigm improve humanity's ability to assess progress toward sustainability? Those questions were investigated using data from 30 mostly contiguous Western Hemisphere nations and three amassing methodological objectives. First, 31 known indices were reduced into underlying dimensions (factors) of sustainable development. Next, those factors were combined (aggregated) into the first mega-index of sustainable development (MISD). Finally, 11 common development indicators were explored regarding collinearity and explanatory power of the sustainable development dimensions and MISD. Seven latent dimensions (sub-metrics) captured over 85% of the variation of the original 31 indices, with socioeconomic themes dwarfing environmental ones. The factors conveyed: (F1) socioeconomic well-being synergies; (F2) economic freedom and democracy; (F3) environmentally efficient happiness; (F4) ecosystem wellbeing; (F5) peace to economic vulnerability tradeoff; (F6) natural resources protection; and (F7) environmental stewardship and risk resilience. MISD is the geometric mean of the seven sub-metrics,which were directed toward sustainability, and rescaled (normalized) 0 (worst case) to 100 (best case). Geographically, this study ranked Belize best overall, followed by Guyana, Panama, Uruguay, and Canada; Barbados ranked worst, preceded by Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Mexico, and Cuba. Winning countries were characterized by low population density, increased forestland, decreased urban, and larger country area. Child mortality and population growth rate remained negative predictors of socioeconomic conditions; however per-capita CO2 sacrificed ecological integrity for improved human well-being. Mega-index creation will serve as an important scientific stepping-stone for improving accuracy and simplifying valuations of sustainable development, thus others should follow. ; Shaker, R. R. (2018). A mega-index for the Americas and its underlying sustainable development correlations. Ecological Indicators, 89, 466-479.
The Annual Report of the Province of Manitoba for the year ended March 31, 2003 completes the government's accountability reporting for the year. The Report includes a review of this year's results relative to the government's budget. It also contains economic statistics and indicators of the financial health of the Province. Included in this Annual Report is Volume 1 of the Public Accounts. ; Manitoba, Office of the Minister of Finance. (2003). Province of Manitoba Annual Report for the Year Ended March 31, 2003. Winnipeg: Office of the Minister of Finance, 2003.
