Suchergebnisse

This paper applies the international environmental negotiations framework (IENF) and the multiple streams framework (MSF) to analyze the influence of Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) and International Development Agencies (IDAs) in the development and implementation of the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade agreement (FLEGT) and the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) regimes in Cameroon. Deforestation, forest degradation, and illegal logging are critical issues in forest management in many forest-rich countries around the world. In attempt to curtail illegal logging, global forest governance in the past few years has witnessed the development of a number of timber legality regimes including FLEGT. In the same light, the international community has recently seen the emergence of the REDD+ regime to fight against global warming and climate change. Based on sixty-eight interviews in Cameroon with representatives of NGOs and IDAs, government officials, the timber industry, and members of forest communities, as well as eleven informal conversations, and more than sixty documents, the paper finds that NGO and IDA influence on the FLEGT and REDD+ regimes in Cameroon has been growing in three areas: stakeholder participation, project development, and institutional development. Thus, the increasing influence of NGOs and IDAs will pave the way for future interventions on social, cultural, economic, and environmental issues, including land tenure, carbon rights, benefit distribution, equity, Free, Prior and Informed consent, legality, and stakeholder process, related to the FLEGT and REDD+ regimes in Cameroon.

This analysis of a sample of territorial or border disputes 30 years after the ‎beginning of Yugoslavia's disintegration is informed by a pluri-angle analytical‎ framework. With territorial disputes, a single reading of the phenomenon ‎by international law with its established principles and standards of peaceful‎ dispute settlement can be insufficient. More often than not, territorial disputes‎ not only relate to territorial sovereignty per se, but also to issues of nation-‎building and statehood, identity narratives, ontological security, and‎(perceived) legitimacy as to whether a border is 'just'. In the context of EU enlargement, ‎the level of power (a)symmetry between actors also plays a role. ‎Looking at the case studies (i) Croatia v. Slovenia, (ii) Serbia v. Croatia, and (iii)‎Serbia v. Kosovo, this paper demonstrates why States sometimes do not comply ‎with EU conditionality and that the behaviour of State actors is by no means ‎irrational, but can well sustain a dispute and/or pose a threat to dispute settlement‎ by international law.‎

The development of Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) in Kulonprogo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), is the intention of the central government and regional governments to increase economic growth, develop regional infrastructure, and develop the social life of the community. The development of the YIA is also expected to provide great benefits for the development of tourism, so an air transportation infrastructure improvement is needed. The construction of this international airport has had socio-economic impacts on the lives of surrounding communities, both positive and negative impacts. The purpose of this study is to understand and describe how the socio-economic impact of YIA Airport development and how the strategies can be carried out by the government to overcome the impact of the development. This research uses descriptive method with a qualitative approach to explore the meaning of a phenomenon that occurs. Data collection techniques carried out by observation, direct interviews, documentation, and triangulation, so that data and information can be obtained that support the purpose of the study.

In 1948, the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the first international text recognising universal human rights for all; the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 25 recognises the right to an adequate standard of living, which includes the right to health and medical care. On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Declaration, this article presents an overview of the main developments that have been made towards understanding the content and implications of the right to health, as well as an analysis of some specific advancements that aim to facilitate the enforcement thereof. These include: a) the implication of private entities as responsible for right to health obligations; b) the Universal Health Coverage goal, proposed by the World Health Organization and included as one of the Sustainable Development Goals; and c) the individual complaints mechanism introduced by the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (adopted on the 10th December 2008, 60 years after the UDHR).

The UK detention of former Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet in 1998 was hailed at the time as an unprecedented demonstration of the possible efficacy of 'global civil society' networks in holding former heads of state to account for crimes against humanity. This article nonetheless questions the concept, as well as the practical efficacy, of globalised civil society action or 'human rights lawyering' as a trigger for the prosecution of past human rights violations. Based on extensive field research, the article argues that domestic factors, including domestic actor pressure and national judicial change, have proved more significant than international law or international activism in recent re-irruptions of the human rights accountability issue in Latin America's Southern Cone. The case of El Salvador, meanwhile, shows that transnational initiatives, while occasionally successful in their own right, have not been able to interrupt or foreshorten domestic post-transitional trajectories to the extent of independently creating favourable accountability conditions.

This paper analyses the impact of intensified international competition on the German corporate governance system by investigating corporate governance & corporate strategy at Bosch. Being a non-listed but highly internationalised company, the case study of Bosch allows one to disentangle the effects of financial & product market globalisation. In order to assess theoretical claims about convergence of German corporate governance towards Anglo-Saxon patterns or continuing divergence -- put forward by convergence theory & the "Varieties of Capitalism" approach -- four dimensions of corporate governance & strategy are investigated: internationalisation strategy, industrial relations, portfolio policy & product market strategy. The paper argues that international competition in isolation leads to a reinforcement of traditional features of German corporate governance. It finds that Bosch has internationalised vigorously, but followed its traditional style of internationalisation, that co-management of the employees has not come under pressure, that long-pursued diversification attempts have been continued & that Bosch has deepened its product market specialisation. Adapted from the source document.

Examines political and security issues involved in the relationship between the region and the European Union; 12 articles. Based on contributions to a conference on 'The Mediterranean in the new evolving international order: domestic, regional and international interests,' held on Sept. 11-13, 2002 at the University of Mainz, Germany. Contents: Security-building in the Mediterranean after September 11, by Annette Jünemann; Reshaping the agenda? the internal politics of the Barcelona process in the aftermath of September 11, by Richard Gillespie; Repercussions of the emerging European security and defence policy on the civil character of the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, by Annette Jünemann; Gender and security in the Mediterranean, by Cilja Harders; The EMP and Morocco: diverging political agendas? by Said Haddadi; A two-level game: Spain and the promotion of democracy and human rights in Morocco, by Laura Feliu; The external dimension of sub-national governments: dealing with human rights at the Barcelona and Valencia Euromed Civil Fora, by Eduard Soler i Lecha.