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A UACES Microgrant Report   Europe has been facing a decade of crises. From the financial and refugee crises of the early and mid-2010s, to the Covid pandemic opening the new decade and the looming threat of climate change. These are some of the recurrent topics at the CES 29th International Conference of Europeanists, hosted […]
The post CES 29th International Conference of Europeanists – Europe's Past, Present and Future: Utopias and Dystopias appeared first on Ideas on Europe.

Foreword and acknowledgements -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Preface -- Executive summary -- Core climate policies and the case for policy alignment -- Scaling-up low-carbon investment and finance -- Implementing climate-friendly taxation practices -- Delivering innovation and skills for the low-carbon transition -- Removing international trade barriers -- Diagnosing misalignments for a more resilient future -- Reframing investment signals and incentives in electricity -- Opting for low-carbon urban mobility -- Strengthening incentives for sustainable land use

The Shire Valley Agricultural Project is a major ten year development programme being carried out by the Malawi Government in the Lower Shire Valley, with loan assistance from the International Development Association. It is an integrated rural development programme, incorporating a wide range of activities, and this atlas is an attempt to bring together a comprehensive series of maps depicting both the physical background of the area and development work in hand

Viele Menschenrechtsverträge geben den Mitgliedsstaaten die Möglichkeit, gewisse Rechte, zeitlich begrenzt zu derogieren, etwa im Fall eines Notstandes oder einer ähnlichen Krise. Diese Notstandsklauseln finden sich in modernen Menschenrechtsverträgen wie dem Internationalen Pakt über bürgerliche und politische Rechte, der Amerikanischen Menschenrechtskonvention oder der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurde der internationale Terrorismus zu einer immer größer werdenden Gefahr für die internationale Gemeinschaft und ist deswegen im Zusammenhang mit Staatsnotstand von großer Relevanz. Um festzustellen, ob terroristische Bedrohungen einen Notstand nach Artikel 15 EMRK rechtfertigen können, wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit zuerst die Derogation von Menschenrechten im Allgemeinen betrachtet. Der Zweck, sowie die Vor- und Nachteile einer Notstandsklausel werden erörtert. Im Hauptteil der Arbeit wird der Focus auf Artikel 15 EMRK gelegt. Die Diskussion möglicher Terrorismusdefinitionen und relevanter Rechtsprechung des EGMR, zusammen mit der Betrachtung der Entwicklung von Artikel 15 EMRK und einem Vergleich mit anderen Notstandsklauseln, ermöglichen es festzustellen, ob terroristische Bedrohungen einen Notstand nach Artikel 15 EMRK rechtfertigen. Weiters werden mögliche negative Auswirkungen, die ein Notstand auf Grund von Terrorismus, auf juristische Personen haben kann, betrachtet. ; Various human rights treaties include clauses, which allow a State to temporarily derogate from certain civil and political liberties in the event of an emergency or national crisis. Derogation clauses can be found in modern human rights treaties like the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the American Convention on Human Rights, and the European Convention on Human Rights. Throughout the decades terrorism has always posed a threat to the international community and has hence been a relevant issue in the context of derogation as an emergency measure. In order to evaluate whether terrorist threat can justify derogation according to Article 15 ECHR, this thesis provides an overview of derogation of human rights. The purpose, as well as advantages and disadvantages of derogation clauses are discussed. The core part of the thesis focuses on the derogation clause of the European Convention on Human Rights, which can be found in Article 15. Possible definitions of terrorism and an evaluation of relevant case law, as well as the discussion of the development of Article 15 ECHR and a comparison to other derogation clauses are provided, in order to analyze whether terrorism may justify derogation under Article 15 ECHR. Furthermore, the possible negative effects on legal entities, which are posed by emergency measurements to counter terrorism, are discussed under the aspect of recent developments. ; von Jana Magdalena Raith, BA ; Abstracts in Deutsch und Englisch ; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Diplomarbeit, 2016 ; (VLID)1506348

This Article analyzes how refugee lawyers in the United Kingdom navigate the tension between state power and international norms. Based on interviews with lawyers representing persons seeking asylum and other forms of refugee protection in the United Kingdom, the Article reveals how these lawyers successfully utilize international human rights treaties on behalf of their clients despite domestic policies making it more difficult for refugees to assert their rights. The Article argues that U.K. refugee lawyers play a critical role in the globalization struggle by encouraging state actors (in this case, the judiciary) to adhere to international norms that might otherwise go ignored in an anti-immigrant political climate. In so doing, these lawyers have helped to broaden the sources on which state power over immigration is based. The Article thus contributes to the literature on the devolution of state power in an era of globalization, as well as cause lawyering.

284Sovereign and organizational immunity — Foreign States — International organizations — Whether OPEC a "foreign State" for purposes of service of process under the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 — Whether OPEC amenable to service of process under the International Organizations Immunities Act — Whether price fixing activities of OPEC and its member States were "commercial activity" for purposes of amenability to suit under the 1976 Act — Whether OPEC member States were "persons" subject to liability for restrictive trade practices under Section 1 of the Sherman Act — The law of the United States

AbstractExploring English intelligibility in linguistically diverse environments, such as China, is crucial for improving cross-cultural dialog and tailoring language instruction to address the phonetic hurdles of non-native speakers. This research employed a phonetic experimental methodology to assess the intelligibility of English spoken by college students from the Bashu dialect region of Southwest China to an international audience. Data from 40 intermediate English-proficient students in Sichuan and Chongqing were analyzed using open-ended questionnaires and evaluative scales. The findings revealed that the influence of the Bashu dialect significantly impeded the accurate articulation of specific English phonemes, thereby exerting an impact on the international intelligibility of their spoken English. Notably, notwithstanding their conspicuous accents, the research concluded that the English enunciated by these students generally retained intelligibility for global audiences. The study identified a spectrum of pronunciation challenges, encompassing issues with phonetic sounds, recurrent mispronunciations, and variances in accent and prosody, collectively contributing to an overarching influence on intelligibility. Grounded in international listener feedback, this study proffers strategies to augment the intelligibility of spoken English among Chinese learners originating from dialect-specific regions, thereby fostering the amelioration of their communicative skills and bolstering their confidence when engaging with global audiences.

he accountancy management inline with the IFRS provides quality and trustworthy information for financial statement users and provides the comparison with similar companies at international level. The importance of creating the closing financial statements inline with the IFRS grows with the development of cross-border trade, cooperation and competition within the business environment where the prevailing economical element are the small and medium sized enterprises (SME). The support of SME and their bussiness activities at the national and international market is the target of national politics and politics of the EU. To help the international comparison the IFRS for SME and many other programs were created to support the SME funding within the EU. The Czech Republic doesn't allow to assemble and public the closing financial statement inline with the IFRS. The access to the funds is therefore complicated, the economic indicators show different values when assembling the closing financial statement inline with the IFRS or inline with Czech accounting standards (CAS). The seven SMEs out of different bussiness sectors focusing on cross-border trade are illustrative of the current situation in the Czech Republic. ; peer-reviewed

International audience The regime of international responsibility of States has been questioned by philosophers of international law. Their main critique pertains to the fairness of the burden of its implementation on blameless individuals in that State, and especially to the fairness of their secondary (mostly financial) liability under domestic or international law (e.g., through taxation in order to pay war reparations). This has been coined the Individualist Challenge to State responsibility. This essay starts by debunking that challenge, before taking the discussion a step further to discuss a related (albeit yet unmade) argument of fairness that one may refer to, by analogy, as the Statist Argument. The Statist Argument would endorse the fairness of the current regime of international responsibility of international organizations (IOs), and in particular the absence of secondary liability of member States of a responsible IO. Addressing the Individualist Challenge and Statist Argument together, and understanding why regimes of international responsibility law and our moral intuitions about them each pull in different directions, are the two aims of this essay. The essay turns the Statist Argument on its head and argues that secondary liabilities of member States actually amount to a requirement of fairness to the individuals in those States. It thereby contributes to taking further the debate about the reform of IO responsibility law by drawing on arguments in moral and political philosophy, on the one hand, and does so from the integrative perspective of the moral interests of the individual by discussing both State and IO responsibility law together, on the other ; Rivista di filosofia del diritto (ISSN 2280-482X) Fascicolo 1, giugno 2017 Ente di afferenza: Università statale di Milano (unimi) Copyright c by Società editrice il Mulino, Bologna. Tutti i diritti sono riservati. Per altre informazioni si veda https://www.rivisteweb.it Licenza d'uso L'articoloè messo a disposizione dell'utente in licenza per ...