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On 6 September 2012, the writer Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio published a gallery in Le Nouvel Observateur, in reaction to the publication two weeks earlier at the Pierre-Guillaume De Roux editions of the trial entitled Shantom Language, followed by Anders Breivik's Literary Eloge. written by French publisher and writer Richard Millet.In this test, the author returns to the tuition held on the island of Utøya, Norway, on 22 July 2011, where the young Norwegian Anders Breivik merged sixty-nine young people together for the summer camp of the League of Young Labour (AUF), after having killed eight more people in the Labour Government district. With this ideological crime, which shocked and disrupted global public opinion, Anders Breivik wanted to 'advertise' the manifesto in which he advocated support for 'cultural conservatism', ultranationalism, right-wing populism, Islamophobia, Zionism, anti-feminism and blanced-nationalism. perceived as a provocative pamphlet, Richard Millet relies on the actions of Anders Breivik to denounce multiculturalism and warn of the loss of identity marks, the purity of origin and language. He says that he is struck by the "formal perfection" of the crimes of the Norwegian who prepared his acts without the police being aware of them at any time: acts which in his view justify a "literary praise". even if he went so far as to say that the deadly operation carried out by Anders Breivik was "no doubt what Norway deserved and what awaits our ever-blind societies", which, for him, makes Anders Breivik both a 'mayor' and a 'victim'. The strong reaction of J.M.G Le Clézio, all the more noticed, given that it is not common for the writer to intervene publicly in media controversy. is perfectly understood in the sense that Richard Millet denounces subjects that are just expensive to the author and recurring throughout his literary production, such as miswriting, interculturality, identity and alterability. In his text, entitled 'lugubre elucubration', J.M.G Le Clézio first wonders about ...

The Maynard, J. L., & Haas, M. L. (Eds.). 2022. The Routledge Handbook of Ideology and International Relations. Taylor & Francis.

In the article a source study basis of the research of the socio-political activity of one of the most famous characters of socio-political processes in Western Ukraine in the interwar period of the 20th century – Matvii Stakhiv is analysed. It is pointed out that there is a whole range of source materials for investigating M. Stakhiv's socio-political and scientific activity. The comprehensive study of Stakhiv's socio-political and scientific activity is impossible without the involvement of six groups of documents for the scientific circulation: 1) the materials of state authorities, provincial departments, county chief's and police about the political situation, the activities of political parties in Western Ukraine; 2) documents Ukrainian parties, their record keeping documents; 3) documents of Ukrainian emigre scientific and political institutions; 4) materials of the Ukrainian and Polish press; 5) memoirs and diaries of well-known socio-political figures, scientists and civil servants of the Second Polish Republic; 6) M. Stakhiv's scientific and scientific-journalistic studies. The authors have come to the conclusion that the combination of the mentioned sources with the multiplanned scientific literature makes it possible to characterize in detail not only M. Stakhiv's socio-political and scientific activity but also to investigate thoroughly socio-political life in Western Ukraine in the given period. ; У статті проаналізовано джерелознавчу базу дослідження громадсько-політичної діяльності одного з найвідоміших дійових осіб суспільно-політичних процесів Західної України у міжвоєнний період ХХ ст. – Матвія Стахіва. Відзначено, що для вивчення громадсько-політичної і наукової діяльності М. Стахіва існує цілий комплекс джерельних матеріалів. Зроблено висновок про те, що поєднання окреслених джерел із різноплановою науковою літературою дає змогу всебічно охарактеризувати не лише громадсько-політичну і наукову діяльність М. Стахіва, але й ґрунтовніше дослідити суспільно-політичне життя Західної України у зазначений період.

In this paper, by using the geometrical classification of the types of linear equations or systems of two equations, we determine a method for solving systems of linear equations. The analysis specifically refers to systems of linear equations that reduce to a quadratic system of the second or third order in which all determinants of the system are zero. The methodological significance of the method is also discussed.