Suchergebnisse

Esta investigación aborda el tipo de relaciones comunicativas que median entre docentes y alumnado en la etapa de Secundaria. Mediante un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, y a través de la tradición narrativa-biográfica han sido analizadas 20 narrativas distribuidas en 4 centros públicos en donde los docentes describen y significan las propias relaciones comunicativas con el alumnado destacando dimensiones y dificultades relevantes, su forma de gestionarlas y formación demandada. A partir de los resultados, se visibiliza en este grupo de participantes la persistente proyección de un modelo comunicativo basado en una perspectiva comunicativa sustentada bajo un modelo de racionalidad instrumental, unidireccional que si bien transforma prácticas convencionales de enseñanza y aprendizaje puede correr el riesgo de reducir la relación comunicativa pedagógica a una interacción abstracta, desmotivadora pero especialmente pasivizadora del rol del alumnado al no alentar a una pedagogía de la participación como base de un aprendizaje igualitario, democrático y ético. ; This study examines the type of communicative relations that exist between teachers and students in secondary education. Using a qualitative life story approach, we analysed 20 narratives obtained from teachers working in four state schools, in which they described and signified their communicative relations with students, highlighting relevant dimensions and difficulties, how they managed these and the training required. The results revealed that participants persistently projected a communicative model based on a one-way model of instrumental rationality, which although it may transform conventional teaching and learning practices can also reduce teachers' communicative relations to an abstract interaction, rendering students passive and demotivated since this model does not foster participatory education based on egalitarian, democratic and ethical learning.

This study examines the type of communicative relations that exist between teachers and students in secondary education. Using a qualitative life story approach, we analysed 20 narratives obtained from teachers working in four state schools, in which they described and signified their communicative relations with students, highlighting relevant dimensions and difficulties, how they managed these and the training required. The results revealed that participants persistently projected a communicative model based on a one-way model of instrumental rationality, which although it may transform conventional teaching and learning practices can also reduce teachers' communicative relations to an abstract interaction, rendering students passive and demotivated since this model does not foster participatory education based on egalitarian, democratic and ethical learning. ; Esta investigación aborda el tipo de relaciones comunicativas que median entre docentes y alumnado en la etapa de Secundaria. Mediante un enfoque metodológico cualitativo, y a través de la tradición narrativa-biográfica han sido analizadas 20 narrativas distribuidas en 4 centros públicos en donde los docentes describen y significan las propias relaciones comunicativas con el alumnado destacando dimensiones y dificultades relevantes, su forma de gestionarlas y formación demandada. A partir de los resultados, se visibiliza en este grupo de participantes la persistente proyección de un modelo comunicativo basado en una perspectiva comunicativa sustentada bajo un modelo de racionalidad instrumental, unidireccional que si bien transforma prácticas convencionales de enseñanza y aprendizaje puede correr el riesgo de reducir la relación comunicativa pedagógica a una interacción abstracta, desmotivadora pero especialmente pasivizadora del rol del alumnado al no alentar a una pedagogía de la participación como base de un aprendizaje igualitario, democrático y ético.

The article analyses international legal acts that regulate the labour relations of certain categories of workers, as well as related problems. Their distinctive feature is the age that a person has reached at the time of entering into such a legal relationship. The peculiarities of such regulation are determined; its characteristic features are specified. Due to the fact that age is one of the legal facts that affect the legal status of the employee, an attempt is made to distinguish between age groups of employees and to identify features of their legal status in the employment relationship. The methodological basis of the study includes general and special methods of cognition. The dialectical method examines the problems of legal regulation of international norms on the use of hired labour of minors and the elderly and their relationship with a number of trends that have different effects on international labour law. Formal-logical and systematic methods are used to study the content of international legal acts governing labour relations of minors and the elderly. The main result of the study is the regulation in international legal acts of relations concerning the use of hired labour of minors and the elderly, improving its conditions, protection against discrimination and creating conditions for the free exercise of their ability to work within national laws, for comparative legal analysis and finding ways to improve existing systems. The article also pays attention to the content, significance and features of the basic principles for the use of hired labour of minors and the elderly, the establishment by member states of the minimum age for employment.

In light of the challenges that all cities face today, food is offered as a prism through which to read and intervene on various areas that affect the quality of life of the population: circular economy, urban metabolism, social relations, economies, and food quality. In the Roman context, in recent years, numerous initiatives have revitalized the debate on food and brought the discussion to the center of the interest of an ever-increasing number of citizens. However, these experiences appear unrelated and there is a lack of coordination and political coherence. Faced with this evidence, starting from a territorial analysis, this contribution analyzes the process that led a local group of stakeholders to formulate a proposal for a food policy for the city of Rome. The proposal contains a series of possible actions that aim, on the one hand, to recompose the relations between the city and its territory, with a view to re-localization and re-territorialization of agro-food productions and, on the other hand, to reconnect the economic and social relations that the industrialization of food chains has compromised. The network analysis of the bottom-up process, which mainly investigates networking and negotiation skills between various interests, is carried out and related to a careful analysis of the food system in the Roman context. Furthermore, an overview of the state of the art of urban food policies in Italy has been provided to better contextualize the study case. The findings show actors and topics involved in the process, identifying further development towards a more comprehensive participatory process for a systemic food strategy at the metropolitan level.

In light of the challenges that all cities face today, food is offered as a prism through which to read and intervene on various areas that affect the quality of life of the population: circular economy, urban metabolism, social relations, economies, and food quality. In the Roman context, in recent years, numerous initiatives have revitalized the debate on food and brought the discussion to the center of the interest of an ever-increasing number of citizens. However, these experiences appear unrelated and there is a lack of coordination and political coherence. Faced with this evidence, starting from a territorial analysis, this contribution analyzes the process that led a local group of stakeholders to formulate a proposal for a food policy for the city of Rome. The proposal contains a series of possible actions that aim, on the one hand, to recompose the relations between the city and its territory, with a view to re-localization and re-territorialization of agro-food productions and, on the other hand, to reconnect the economic and social relations that the industrialization of food chains has compromised. The network analysis of the bottom-up process, which mainly investigates networking and negotiation skills between various interests, is carried out and related to a careful analysis of the food system in the Roman context. Furthermore, an overview of the state of the art of urban food policies in Italy has been provided to better contextualize the study case. The findings show actors and topics involved in the process, identifying further development towards a more comprehensive participatory process for a systemic food strategy at the metropolitan level.

In 2013, the European Union (EU) concluded its first comprehensive trade agreement with a Southeast Asian partner. The EU-Singapore agreement (EUSFTA) was meant as a blueprint for further negotiations in the region and indeed it was paralleled by trade talks between the EU and other members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Given the significant challenges and roadblocks the EU faced in concluding both inter-regional and bilateral trade deals in Asia prior to the EUSFTA, the conclusion of this agreement can be understood as a significant success. However, this success has come at the cost of a shift in EU external relations away from the promotion of its own foundation norms of human rights, rule of law and democracy. This shift has had a deleterious effect on the EU's legitimacy, founded on upholding these norms, both internally and in the Asian region. As a blueprint agreement, the EUSFTA can be analyzed to understand how this shift in the EU's external relations will shape the EU's wider trade policy in East Asia as well as the future of EU-Asia trade relations. This working paper will explore these negotiations and argue that the EU unbundled trade policy from its rights-based foreign policy in the EUSFTA. We argue that this creates significant opportunity for Singapore and other Asian states, but also presents a critical risk to the EU's foundation norms, which were compromised in the EU's negotiation of the EUSFTA. ; This research has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 770680, RESPECT project.

The article examines how street vendors in Abuja, Nigeria are experiencing and responding to the attempts to restrict their access to public space. Modernist planning and the increasing trend in the privatization of public space is limiting the amount and types of public spaces available to street vendors. Drawing largely on primary research, the article reports that street vendors are responding by adopting a range of spatial, relational and temporal tactics. Specifically, it cites the Ready-to-Run tactic, relocating to relatively more secure sites, informal relations and networks and operating at certain times of the day. Access to the street and mobility are key factors that shape the types of tactics adopted. Vendors prioritize proximity to the street in order to maximize access to potential customers. The highly mobile vendors are more likely to adopt spatial and temporal tactics, while the less mobile tend to rely on informal relations and networks. Furthermore, in the absence of formal organizing, individual agency is more prevalent. Where collective agency exists, it is often a response to an immediate challenge. Gender and age influence the experiences of vendors and the tactics adopted. The Abuja case is a notable example of the link between modernist planning, particularly the master plan approach and socio-spatial exclusion. As a city built from scratch, the plan laid the foundation for socio-spatial exclusion by planning the poor out of the city. The plan remains at the centre of contemporary urban politics, notably the relations between the state and informal workers.

Trabajo presentado en el CVPR Workshop on Text and Documents in the Deep Learning Era (CVPRW), celebrado online del 14 al 19 de junio de 2020 ; Text Spotting in the wild consists of detecting and recognizing text appearing in images (e.g. signboards, traffic signals or brands in clothing or objects). This is a challenging problem due to the complexity of the context where texts appear (uneven backgrounds, shading, occlusions, perspective distortions, etc.). Only a few approaches try to exploit the relation between text and its surrounding environment to better recognize text in the scene. In this paper, we propose a visual context dataset 1 for Text Spotting in the wild, where the publicly available dataset COCO-text [40] has been extended with information about the scene (such as objects and places appearing in the image) to enable researchers to include semantic relations between texts and scene in their Text Spotting systems, and to offer a common framework for such approaches. For each text in an image, we extract three kinds of context information: objects in the scene, image location label and a textual image description (caption). We use state-of-the-art out-of-the-box available tools to extract this additional information. Since this information has textual form, it can be used to leverage text similarity or semantic relation methods into Text Spotting systems, either as a post-processing or in an end-to-end training strategy. ; This work is supported by the KASP Scholarship Program and by the he Spanish government under projects HuMoUR TIN2017-90086-R and Mar´ıa de Maeztu Seal of Excellence MDM-2016-0656.

In light of the challenges that all cities face today, food is offered as a prism through which to read and intervene on various areas that affect the quality of life of the population: circular economy, urban metabolism, social relations, economies, and food quality. In the Roman context, in recent years, numerous initiatives have revitalized the debate on food and brought the discussion to the center of the interest of an ever-increasing number of citizens. However, these experiences appear unrelated and there is a lack of coordination and political coherence. Faced with this evidence, starting from a territorial analysis, this contribution analyzes the process that led a local group of stakeholders to formulate a proposal for a food policy for the city of Rome. The proposal contains a series of possible actions that aim, on the one hand, to recompose the relations between the city and its territory, with a view to re-localization and re-territorialization of agro-food productions and, on the other hand, to reconnect the economic and social relations that the industrialization of food chains has compromised. The network analysis of the bottom-up process, which mainly investigates networking and negotiation skills between various interests, is carried out and related to a careful analysis of the food system in the Roman context. Furthermore, an overview of the state of the art of urban food policies in Italy has been provided to better contextualize the study case. The findings show actors and topics involved in the process, identifying further development towards a more comprehensive participatory process for a systemic food strategy at the metropolitan level.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to analyze the patient's rights in relation to the epidemiological evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in Romania, balancing the humanitarian principles by which the detention of an individual for health reasons, must be carried out in the least restrictive manner and the legislative evolution that regulates in Romania the action of the invested authorities with taking the indispensable measures to reduce the risk of infection. To this end, the study proposes to debate the protective foundations underlying the rulings of the European Court of Human Rights regarding patients' rights in relation to coercive measures aimed at public health issues, foundations that are supported in the recent jurisprudence of the Romanian Constitutional Court, invested in solving problems regarding the unconstitutionality of the measures adopted by the authorities in reaction to the epidemiological evolution. In this sense, is developed the hypothesis according to which the compulsory hospitalization, considered as a form of detention, must be a last resort solution. In this context, the present study is of increasing importance in relation to the legislative uncertainties found both nationally and in the European regulatory environment, the methods used consisting in conducting qualitative analyzes of the national and international regulatory framework and of the jurisprudence found in constitutional but also humanitarian forums, leading to the prescription according to which democratic states are required to provide protective guarantees to their citizens, who must be protected from interference with the rights to liberty and privacy, when are subject to medical procedures assimilated to detention. KEYWORDS: patients' rights, compulsory hospitalization, unconstitutionality, freedom restrictions, contagious diseases

There are many different theories and approaches in international relations studies. They emerge as tools to understand world politics as well as to prevent the occurrence of wars and conflicts. Poststructuralism is one of them. This article addresses the practical relevance of poststructuralism in international politics. It looks at the role of poststructuralism, which provides a novel view on international issues in the globalized era. There are three major focuses of this paper. First, the discussion on the concept of sovereignty and state in a modern world. Second, the role of discourse in the poststructuralism theoretical framework. Third, the function of poststructuralism as a meta-theoretical critique in international relations. This article concludes that poststructuralism is practically useful in the study of international politics. Keywords: poststructuralism, theory, international politics, international relations. Abstrak Ada beragam teori dan pendekatan yang digunakan di dalam studi ilmu hubungan internasional. Teori dan pendekatan tersebut muncul sebagai alat untuk memahami kondisi peepolitikan dunia dan juga untuk mencegah terjadinya peperangan dan konflik. Poststrukturalisme adalah salah satunya. Tulisan ini membahas relevansi secara praktikal dari poststrukturalisme dalam politik internasional. Tulisan ini melihat peranan poststrukturalisme yang memberikan pandangan baru terhadap isu-isu internasional di zaman globalisasi. Ada tiga fokus utama dari tulisan ini. Pertama, pembahasan mengenai konsep kedaulatan dan negara di zaman modern. Kedua, peranan wacana dalam kerangka teori poststrukturalisme. Ketiga, fungsi poststrukturalisme sebagai kritik metateori di ilmu hubungan internasional. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari tulisan ini adalah poststrukturalisme memiliki manfaat secara praktikal dalam studi politik internasional. Kata kunci: poststrukturalisme, teori, politik internasional, ilmu hubungan internasional.

The article states the foreign policy activities of Ukraine during 1994–1999 to be aimed at the practical implementation of the strategic foreign policy priority – integration into the EU in the context of geopolitical realities. The foundations of the European integration policy of Ukraine began to be laid during this period. It was the time when the process of forming the juridical basis of Ukraine – EU cooperation began. The legal basis for relations was the Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union. It was noted that the partnership dialogue between the parties was further developed in the framework of the annual meetings of the Ukraine–EU summit. The Polish press paid considerable attention to the establishment of partnership relations between Ukraine and the EU, giving them a detailed comment. Based on the analysis of the Polish leading publications, it was found that Ukraine– U have gone from initial political declarations and the provision of technical and financial assistance from the EU to a wide range of cooperation. For a case study of the process of formation and development of relations between Ukraine and the EU, based on materials from leading Polish publications, the historical descriptive method was used. To determine the role of Polish periodicals in covering the content of the European vector of Ukraine's foreign policy, such general scientific methods as systemic, informational, semiotic were used. The system method in combination with the problem-chronological one allowed to consider the formation and development of Ukraine's integration into European structures as an integral dialectical process.

In this article Gestational Surrogacy will be read as a procreative practice that acquires legitimization in narcissistic societies: societies where the typical features of narcissistic personality are encouraged and rewarded, also in individuals who do not suffer from clinical narcissism, and are promoted as values guiding the expression of the self and relational modalities. By applying Christopher Lasch's theory and by drawing from the dominant representation of gestational surrogacy in the United States, I will argue that this practice is legitimized as a process aimed to the control of the individual's own destiny, and to the achievement of a project for the acquisition of social status (biological parent) regardless the limits of the body and of the partner relation. The goal of 'becoming parent' enabled by gestational surrogacy is not a desire sprang from self- consciousness and experience of the self, rather it is orientated by experts, and is pursued through an hyper-rationalized process enabled by technology and utilitarian relations, which gives priority to the achievement of the goal over the acknowledgement of the other (the surrogate and the child). Narcissism is usually put in relation with an increased anti-procreative attitude, which is understood as a lack of interest in contributing to the projection of humanity into the future. This article aims to contribute to Sociological scholarship of narcissism by applying this concept to a practice of 'planned reproduction', in light of the new meanings acquired by procreation, childhood and parenthood. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 792464

History and the emotions linked to the past have been a source of conflicts. In particular, the different interpretations of events – or the impossibility to talk about these "white spots" – bring tensions between groups within society, but also among various countries. Indeed, the past leaves traces on politics. It can also be selected as a tool for legitimising action (cf. Lavabre, 1992 and her distinction between the weight and the choice of the past). In International Relations, the past can be used for various goals (cf. Rosoux, 2001). Memory can also be misused (Lavabre, 2000) or abused (Todorov, 1995). How do states address these uses of the past in bilateral relations and how do they try to limit these actions? To tackle this politicisation of the past, historical commissions have been created – already in the interwar period, but mostly as from the 1950's and especially the 1970's – in order to create a dialogue on history and to appease bilateral relations. This contribution is based on two case-studies: the Polish-German Schoolbook Commission, established in 1972 and the Polish-Russian Group for Difficult Matters, created in 2002 and reactivated in 2008. The corpus, collected within the framework of my PhD, is composed of 54 interviews, archives, as well as additional sources such as participant observations, discourses, the press and opinion polls on reconciliation in Poland. Historical commissions are created in the aim of rapprochement, if not reconciliation. In this paper I want to precise the scope and limits of these commissions and insist on the variables explaining their (non-) continuity and (non-) success on overcoming traumatic historical experiences.

History and the emotions linked to the past have been a source of conflicts. In particular, the different interpretations of events – or the impossibility to talk about these "white spots" – bring tensions between groups within society, but also among various countries. Indeed, the past leaves traces on politics. It can also be selected as a tool for legitimising action (cf. Lavabre, 1992 and her distinction between the weight and the choice of the past). In International Relations, the past can be used for various goals (cf. Rosoux, 2001). Memory can also be misused (Lavabre, 2000) or abused (Todorov, 1995). How do states address these uses of the past in bilateral relations and how do they try to limit these actions? To tackle this politicisation of the past, historical commissions have been created – already in the interwar period, but mostly as from the 1950's and especially the 1970's – in order to create a dialogue on history and to appease bilateral relations. This contribution is based on two case-studies: the Polish-German Schoolbook Commission, established in 1972 and the Polish-Russian Group for Difficult Matters, created in 2002 and reactivated in 2008. The corpus, collected within the framework of my PhD, is composed of 54 interviews, archives, as well as additional sources such as participant observations, discourses, the press and opinion polls on reconciliation in Poland. Historical commissions are created in the aim of rapprochement, if not reconciliation. In this paper I want to precise the scope and limits of these commissions and insist on the variables explaining their (non-) continuity and (non-) success on overcoming traumatic historical experiences.