Suchergebnisse

Despite the complicated and ambiguous concept of populism, researches of populism phenomena are spreading in the field of political sciences. Howe- ver, analysis of populism in baltic states region are still scarce. The aim of this article is to review the leading theoretical approaches of populism studies and to prove that the most relevant standpoint is to treat populism as a thin ideology, also to investigate political parties programs during the parliament election period of 2011-2012. Three criterions of populist ideology were adapted in this research. Results have shown that there were 10 populist ideology parties in baltic states: 4 in Lithuania, 3 in Latvia and 3 in Estonia. However, they have a very different significance in the political system. Three populist ideology parties entered national parliaments: "Order and Justice" and "Way of Courage" in Lithuania and Centre Party in Estonia. Moreover, Estonia has the greatest number of voters who choose populist ideology parties and this number is irrelevant in Latvia. This outcome could be explained by the fact that Estonian party system is the most consolidated, whereas political parties in Latvia generally lack concrete ideological stances.

Despite the complicated and ambiguous concept of populism, researches of populism phenomena are spreading in the field of political sciences. Howe- ver, analysis of populism in baltic states region are still scarce. The aim of this article is to review the leading theoretical approaches of populism studies and to prove that the most relevant standpoint is to treat populism as a thin ideology, also to investigate political parties programs during the parliament election period of 2011-2012. Three criterions of populist ideology were adapted in this research. Results have shown that there were 10 populist ideology parties in baltic states: 4 in Lithuania, 3 in Latvia and 3 in Estonia. However, they have a very different significance in the political system. Three populist ideology parties entered national parliaments: "Order and Justice" and "Way of Courage" in Lithuania and Centre Party in Estonia. Moreover, Estonia has the greatest number of voters who choose populist ideology parties and this number is irrelevant in Latvia. This outcome could be explained by the fact that Estonian party system is the most consolidated, whereas political parties in Latvia generally lack concrete ideological stances.

Despite the complicated and ambiguous concept of populism, researches of populism phenomena are spreading in the field of political sciences. Howe- ver, analysis of populism in baltic states region are still scarce. The aim of this article is to review the leading theoretical approaches of populism studies and to prove that the most relevant standpoint is to treat populism as a thin ideology, also to investigate political parties programs during the parliament election period of 2011-2012. Three criterions of populist ideology were adapted in this research. Results have shown that there were 10 populist ideology parties in baltic states: 4 in Lithuania, 3 in Latvia and 3 in Estonia. However, they have a very different significance in the political system. Three populist ideology parties entered national parliaments: "Order and Justice" and "Way of Courage" in Lithuania and Centre Party in Estonia. Moreover, Estonia has the greatest number of voters who choose populist ideology parties and this number is irrelevant in Latvia. This outcome could be explained by the fact that Estonian party system is the most consolidated, whereas political parties in Latvia generally lack concrete ideological stances.

The aim of the research "Lithuanian and Latvian Systems of Professional Orientation in 1990-2012" is to perform a comparative analysis between the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance systems and the service providers (institutions, responsible for vocational guidance service providing, their quality and development). The research report consists of 4 chapters. In the first one, there are analysed and compared the development of vocational guidance systems from 1900 till 2012 in both countries. In the second chapter, there are analysed and compared professional information structures, i. e. institutions, responsible for vocational guidance. In the third chapter, there are analysed and compared internet data bases of the Lithuanian and Latvian professional information. In the last chapter of the report, the legal documents regulating the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance are compared. The research is grounded on the assumption that despite the Lithuanian and Latvian common historical and political events, the vocational guidance systems are developed differently in both countries. The research showed that the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance systems are developed differently, because: the legislation is drafted of different character, it is oriented to different vocational guidance systems parts, etc. Even though there were certain similarities found: same projects, developed by the European Union funds, activity of some institutions, responsible for vocational guidance, etc. However, one assumption could not be confirmed, that the Lithuanian vocational guidance system is more elaborate than the Latvian, because, for example, in Lithuania, carrier consultants in universities were integrated since 2005, whereas in Latvia since 2008; in Latvia, manuals for carrier training for pupils of 7 - 12 grades and books for teachers were published in 2005 - 2006, whereas in Lithuania only in 2012 two methodical carrier training manuals were prepared, one for teachers and one for learners.

The aim of the research "Lithuanian and Latvian Systems of Professional Orientation in 1990-2012" is to perform a comparative analysis between the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance systems and the service providers (institutions, responsible for vocational guidance service providing, their quality and development). The research report consists of 4 chapters. In the first one, there are analysed and compared the development of vocational guidance systems from 1900 till 2012 in both countries. In the second chapter, there are analysed and compared professional information structures, i. e. institutions, responsible for vocational guidance. In the third chapter, there are analysed and compared internet data bases of the Lithuanian and Latvian professional information. In the last chapter of the report, the legal documents regulating the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance are compared. The research is grounded on the assumption that despite the Lithuanian and Latvian common historical and political events, the vocational guidance systems are developed differently in both countries. The research showed that the Lithuanian and Latvian vocational guidance systems are developed differently, because: the legislation is drafted of different character, it is oriented to different vocational guidance systems parts, etc. Even though there were certain similarities found: same projects, developed by the European Union funds, activity of some institutions, responsible for vocational guidance, etc. However, one assumption could not be confirmed, that the Lithuanian vocational guidance system is more elaborate than the Latvian, because, for example, in Lithuania, carrier consultants in universities were integrated since 2005, whereas in Latvia since 2008; in Latvia, manuals for carrier training for pupils of 7 - 12 grades and books for teachers were published in 2005 - 2006, whereas in Lithuania only in 2012 two methodical carrier training manuals were prepared, one for teachers and one for learners.