Suchergebnisse

The social sciences make use of historical evidence for several purposes: testing general models, identifying trends, estimating values for certain quantities that were not explicitly measured in the past, & providing models that can be compared or contrasted with the present. Historians normally approach evidence skeptically, using methods comparable to those of lawyers; the branches of history closer to the social sciences emphasize other concerns, notably the generation of data by inference from indirect evidence, due to the impossibility of exhaustive study & proof. The social sciences have moved away from historical & evolutionary approaches to essentially static abstract models, but actual human life seldom meets the static assumptions of these approaches. A nonreductionist but evolutionary approach, exemplified by the methods of Karl Marx, offers a more productive synthesis of history & social science. Such an approach has the fundamental effect on the social sciences of introducing questions of change, dynamic interaction, & transformation; its use requires several levels of analysis, avoidance of excessive reductionism, analysis of complex interactions among distinct but interacting societies, & recognition that predictions apply only under certain conditions. Unlike the social sciences, history cannot select specific aspects of human life for separate study, but must synthesize human life into a totality; if this is done consciously, history can be a source of structure for the social sciences. W. H. Stoddard.

As straightforward as its title, How to Build Social Science Theories sidesteps the well-traveled road of theoretical examination by demonstrating how new theories originate and how they are elaborated. Essential reading for students of social science research, this book traces theories from their most rudimentary building blocks (terminology and definitions) through multivariable theoretical statements, models, the role of creativity in theory building, and how theories are used and evaluated. Authors Pamela J. Shoemaker, James William Tankard, Jr., and Dominic L. Lasorsa intend to improve

The various soc sci's have not, so far, contributed equally to the development of peaceful cooperation through UNESCO. This is due, in part, to the fact that the sci's have varied in degree of their acceptance into the structures of the U's, &, in part, by the fact that the various sci's differ in the degree to which they can free themselves from an ideological context & concentrate on problems which are chiefly technical in nature. In this latter respect, pol'al sci is at a serious disadvantage. Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.

Objective: This article advances understanding of social work science by examining the content and methods of highly utilized or cited journal articles in social work. Methods: A data base of the 100 most frequently cited articles from 79 social work journals was coded and categorized into three primary domains: content, research versus nonresearch, and, for research articles only, method used. Results: Findings show that knowledge utilization occurs on a conceptual level (related to professional developments, theory, and service needs of specific populations) as well as an instrumental level (such as related to intervention effectiveness). Fifty-one percent of highly cited articles were empirical and, of these, 33% relied on descriptive methods, 45% on explanatory methods, and 22% on control methods used primarily to study intervention effectiveness. Conclusion: Operationalizing the utilization of scientific knowledge in terms of the demand for specific journal articles reveals the content and methodological domains that characterize extant social work science. Six strategies in research, practice, and education are proposed to advance the further development of social work science.

• Summary: This article is based on an analysis of the German debate on the need and possibilities of developing a science of social work (see Göppner and Hämäläinen, 2003, 2004). Basic elements of a programme for developing a science of social work are discussed. • Findings: The results have been enormously influential in demonstrating that the confusion regarding the theoretical foundation of social work may inconvenience social work practice as well as the development of the field as a functional system. • Applications : It is argued that the need for avoiding theoretical atomism and incoherence can be met more adequately through developing a science of social work than by confusing a number of theories.

Errata at end of text of vol. 2. ; Author's name appears on t.p. on separate volumes. ; v. 1. Etudes sur les constitutions des peuples libres -- v. 2-3. Etudes sur l'économie politique. ; Mode of access: Internet.

International audience ; Criminology today is riddled with much controversy, either because of its institutionalization, because of its development as part of a thriving security market or as loans that were made in very recent criminal laws. Criminology was approached in a picaresque and colorful way or as a way to address a real criminological phenomenon to be analyzed. In any case, this "social science" raises questions that are real problems for society. In focusing on the genesis of this knowledge, we would like here to show precisely the sociological dimension of these writings, close to anthropology, practiced mainly by doctors, some jurists interested in the social scope and the impact of their work on the possible transformations of the world. ; La criminologie a aujourd'hui une actualité traversée par de nombreuses controverses, que ce soit sur son institutionnalisation, son développement dans le cadre d'un marché de la sécurité florissant, ou les emprunts qui y ont été faits lors de lois pénales assez récentes . La criminologie a été abordée sous une forme picaresque et colorée or, il y a un vrai phénomène criminologie à analyser, tant cette "science sociale" relève des questions qui sont de réels problèmes de société. En s'attachant à la genèse de ce savoir, nous voudrions ici précisément montrer la dimension sociologique de ces écrits, proches de l'anthropologie, portés plutôt par des médecins, quelques juristes intéressés par le social et par l'impact de leurs travaux sur les possibles transformations du monde. ; A criminologia hoje é atravessada por muita controvérsia, seja em razão de sua institucionalização, em razão de seu desenvolvimento como parte de um próspero mercado de segurança ou de empréstimos que foram feitos em leis criminais bastante recentes. A criminologia foi abordada de forma picaresca e colorida ou como forma de abordar um fenômeno criminológico real a ser analisado. De toda forma essa "ciência social" levanta questões que são problemas reais da sociedade. Ao focarmos na gênese ...

International audience ; Criminology today is riddled with much controversy, either because of its institutionalization, because of its development as part of a thriving security market or as loans that were made in very recent criminal laws. Criminology was approached in a picaresque and colorful way or as a way to address a real criminological phenomenon to be analyzed. In any case, this "social science" raises questions that are real problems for society. In focusing on the genesis of this knowledge, we would like here to show precisely the sociological dimension of these writings, close to anthropology, practiced mainly by doctors, some jurists interested in the social scope and the impact of their work on the possible transformations of the world. ; La criminologie a aujourd'hui une actualité traversée par de nombreuses controverses, que ce soit sur son institutionnalisation, son développement dans le cadre d'un marché de la sécurité florissant, ou les emprunts qui y ont été faits lors de lois pénales assez récentes . La criminologie a été abordée sous une forme picaresque et colorée or, il y a un vrai phénomène criminologie à analyser, tant cette "science sociale" relève des questions qui sont de réels problèmes de société. En s'attachant à la genèse de ce savoir, nous voudrions ici précisément montrer la dimension sociologique de ces écrits, proches de l'anthropologie, portés plutôt par des médecins, quelques juristes intéressés par le social et par l'impact de leurs travaux sur les possibles transformations du monde. ; A criminologia hoje é atravessada por muita controvérsia, seja em razão de sua institucionalização, em razão de seu desenvolvimento como parte de um próspero mercado de segurança ou de empréstimos que foram feitos em leis criminais bastante recentes. A criminologia foi abordada de forma picaresca e colorida ou como forma de abordar um fenômeno criminológico real a ser analisado. De toda forma essa "ciência social" levanta questões que são problemas reais da sociedade. Ao focarmos na gênese ...

International audience ; Criminology today is riddled with much controversy, either because of its institutionalization, because of its development as part of a thriving security market or as loans that were made in very recent criminal laws. Criminology was approached in a picaresque and colorful way or as a way to address a real criminological phenomenon to be analyzed. In any case, this "social science" raises questions that are real problems for society. In focusing on the genesis of this knowledge, we would like here to show precisely the sociological dimension of these writings, close to anthropology, practiced mainly by doctors, some jurists interested in the social scope and the impact of their work on the possible transformations of the world. ; La criminologie a aujourd'hui une actualité traversée par de nombreuses controverses, que ce soit sur son institutionnalisation, son développement dans le cadre d'un marché de la sécurité florissant, ou les emprunts qui y ont été faits lors de lois pénales assez récentes . La criminologie a été abordée sous une forme picaresque et colorée or, il y a un vrai phénomène criminologie à analyser, tant cette "science sociale" relève des questions qui sont de réels problèmes de société. En s'attachant à la genèse de ce savoir, nous voudrions ici précisément montrer la dimension sociologique de ces écrits, proches de l'anthropologie, portés plutôt par des médecins, quelques juristes intéressés par le social et par l'impact de leurs travaux sur les possibles transformations du monde. ; A criminologia hoje é atravessada por muita controvérsia, seja em razão de sua institucionalização, em razão de seu desenvolvimento como parte de um próspero mercado de segurança ou de empréstimos que foram feitos em leis criminais bastante recentes. A criminologia foi abordada de forma picaresca e colorida ou como forma de abordar um fenômeno criminológico real a ser analisado. De toda forma essa "ciência social" levanta questões que são problemas reais da sociedade. Ao focarmos na gênese ...