Suchergebnisse

Processed cheese from cow's milk is one of the most consumed dairy products worldwide. Since this product is defined as ready-to-eat, foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes can represent a health concern for susceptible populations. In this study, the individual and combined kinetic behaviour of four L. monocytogenes serogroups (namely, 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c and 4b) persistently isolated from a Spanish cheesemaking factory was modelled on grated cheese at different isothermal conditions (4 and 12 °C) during a 120-days period. The serogroup variability was characterized over the storage time by the isolation and identification of the different serogroups in the cocktail containing the four strains. This processed cheese did not support the growth of L. monocytogenes during storage. Survival patterns described by the log-linear type model indicated a high variability of L. monocytogenes serotypes at the tested temperatures: L. monocytogenes serogroup 4b showed a more rapid decrease rate at 4 °C than at 12 °C, while the opposite trend was found for the rest of serogroups and the L. monocytogenes cocktail containing all the strains. Survival rate of L. monocytogenes serogroup 1/2c at 4 °C was 0.007 log CFU/d being the most resistant serotype while at 12 °C, serogroup 1/2a showed the lowest survival rate (0.011 log CFU/d), thus showing a prolonged survival at this temperature. This study highlights the potential implications of L. monocytogenes contamination in processed cheese and shows that serogroup variability should be considered when evaluating survival patterns in contaminated products. Finally, the predictive models developed here could be useful to assist food operators to set specific storage conditions and formulations to avoid L. monocytogenes growth and survival in grated cheeses. ; European Union (EU) funded Integrated Project PROMISE (project number 265877; 7th Framework Programme)

27, [1] p. ; 22 cm. (8vo) ; Attributed to Seabury by T.R. Adams. Sometimes attributed to Isaac Wilkins. ; Place of publication and printer's name supplied by Adams, who notes two states: "one with the first line of text on page 3 ending 'you' and the other with it ending 'to.'" ; "Postscript."--p. [28], dated Dec. 16, 1774. In response to Alexander Hamilton's Full vindication of the measures of the Congress.

This article is based on the recently discovered text of accounting documentation led by the Papal secret accountant Pietro Giovanni Aleotti. He kept records of income and expenses of Papal chambre connected with the campaign of Papal army that was sent from Italy to Germany by Pope Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) in the frame of the first period of so called Smalkaldic War (1546–1547). The author publishes this unique source in extenso and completes the edition by the detailed analysis of the incomes and expenses of this documentation. The analysis is extended by three partial texts dealing with 1) so called Jewish tax that was announced by Paul III in the financial support of military campaign, 2) credit granting of this campaign by the bank house of Benvenuto Olivieri in connection with the collection of Papal tithe in the Romagna region and 3) staffing of the commanding officers of Papal army during this campaign (in the attachment one can find a reconstruction of the officers' staff with identification of the most important commanders). In the conclusion the author tries to determine the real motives why Paul III decided to také part in this campaign. In comparison to the previous works the author accents mainly the efforts of the Farnese family to raise their prestige at the end of the pontificate of Paul III and their immediate financial interests that are reflected in the account documentation. ; Základem této studie je autorem nově objevený text účetní dokumentace, kterou vedl tajný papežský účetní Pietro Giovanni Aleotti. Jedná se o evidenci příjmů a výdajů papežské komory, související s tažením papežské armády, kterou vyslal do Německa papež Pavel III. (Alexandr Farnese) v rámci první fáze tz. Šmalkaldské války (1546-1547). Autor připojil tento text v plné edici, kterou provází detailní obsahová analýza. Vedle ní se autor zaměřil na tři dílčí témata, kterých se tento pramen týká: 1) vyhlášení tzv. Židovské daně, ze které mělo být toto tažení finančně podpořeno; 2) úvěrové financování tohoto tažení prostřednictvím bankovního domu Benvenuta olivieriho v souvislosti s výběrem papežských desátků v provincii Romagna; 3) složení velitelského sboru papežskén armády v tomto tažení (rekonstrukce je uvedena v samostatné příloze). V závěru se autor pokouší přesněji specifikovat motivy, které vedly papeže Pavla III. k účasti na této vojenské kampani. Na rozdíl od předchozích prací na toto téma se autor více zaměřuje na rodové zájmy Farnesiů, snahu o posílení jejich společenské prestiže a bezprostřední finanční zájmy.

"Serial no. 107-119." ; Shipping list no.: 2003-0176-P ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche ; Includes bibliographical references ; Mode of access: Internet.