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This book is the first transnational history of rambling and mountaineering. Focussing on the critical turn-of-the-century era, it offers new insights into alpine development, attitudes to danger, cultures of time, internationalism and domesticity in the outdoors. It charts an emerging group of mass tourist activities, and argues that these thousands of walkers and climbers can only be understood within the context of the urban cultures from which most of them came. In doing so, it offers a fresh perspective on the relationship of alpinists and countryside enthusiasts to the modern world. Instead of an escape from or rejection of modernity, it finds that upland trampers and climbers contested what it meant to be modern, used those modern identities to make political claims on rural space and rural people, and sought to define what a more modern future society should be like

The Precipice is a powerful book... Ord's love for humanity and hope for its future is infectious' Spectator'Ord's analysis of the science is exemplary... Thrillingly written' Sunday TimesWe live during the most important era of human history. In the twentieth century, we developed the means to destroy ourselves - without developing the moral framework to ensure we won't. This is the Precipice, and how we respond to it will be the most crucial decision of our time.Oxford moral philosopher Toby Ord explores the risks to humanity's future, from the familiar man-made threats of climate change and nuclear war, to the potentially greater, more unfamiliar threats from engineered pandemics and advanced artificial intelligence. With clear and rigorous thinking, Ord calculates the various risk levels, and shows how our own time fits within the larger story of human history. We can say with certainty that the novel coronavirus does not pose such a risk. But could the next pandemic? And what can we do, in our present moment, to face the risks head on?A major work that brings together the disciplines of physics, biology, earth and computer science, history, anthropology, statistics, international relations, political science and moral philosophy, The Precipice is a call for a new understanding of our age: a major reorientation in the way we see the world, our history, and the role we play in it.

Preface / by Jem Bendell -- Introduction: We'll definitely need to tackle the subject one of these days... -- The accelerating vehicle -- When the engine dies (limits that cannot be crossed) -- Leaving the road (boundaries that can be crossed) -- Is the steering locked? -- Trapped in an ever more fragile vehicle -- The difficulties of being a futurologist -- Can we detect warning signs? -- What do the mathematical models say? -- A mosaic to explore -- And where do human beings fit into all this? -- Conclusion: Hunger is only the beginning -- Postface / by Yves Cochet.

"A blab droid is a robot with a body shaped like a pizza box, a pair of treads, and a smiley face. Guided by an onboard video camera, it roams hotel lobbies and conference centers, asking questions in the voice of a seven-year-old. "Can you help me?" "What is the worst thing you've ever done?" "Who in the world do you love most?" People pour their hearts out in response. This droid prompts the question of what we can hope from social robots. Might they provide humanlike friendship? Philosopher John Campbell doesn't think so. He argues that, while a social robot can remember the details of a person's history better than some spouses can, it cannot empathize with the human mind, because it lacks the faculty for thinking in terms of singular causation. Causation in Psychology makes the case that singular causation is essential and unique to the human species. From the point of view of practical action, knowledge of what generally causes what is often all one needs. But humans are capable of more. We have a capacity to imagine singular causation. Unlike robots and nonhuman animals, we don't have to rely on axioms about pain to know how ongoing suffering is affecting someone's ability to make decisions, for example, and this knowledge is not a derivative of general rules. The capacity to imagine singular causation, Campbell contends, is a core element of human freedom and of the ability to empathize with human thoughts and feelings"--

"This book brings fresh light to previously marginalized subject in German history. It is an original approach, up-to-date written without scholarly jargon, easily accessible to students, both at undergraduate and graduate. It is highly focused departing from the usual "histories" of a single country arguing for the "two German states", and the three political systems." - Prof. Dr. László Kürti, Institute of Applied Social Sciences, University of Miskolc, Hungary This books argues that nation-building and identity (re)construction in Germany from the Wilhelmine period until the present day has involved debates about and struggles over religion, education, sexuality and the arts, as well as the country's past. Contrasting three very different incarnations of Germany – the totalitarian Third Reich, the communist German Democratic Republic, and the democratic Federal Republic of Germany up to 1990 – this book examines their experiences with and responses to nonconformity, dissent, opposition, and resistance, and the role played by those factors in each case. It is worth stressing that what qualifies as nonconformity and dissent depends on the social and political context and, thus, changes over time. Like those in active dissent, opposition, or resistance, nonconformists are rebels (whether they are conscious of it or not), and have repeatedly played a role in pushing for change, whether through reform of legislation, transformation of the public's attitudes, or even regime change.

Foundations: Affect and the Expression of Emotions on the Internet: An Overview of Current Research -- An Obscure Object of Communicational Desire: The Untold Story of Online Chat -- Big Social Data Approaches in Internet Studies: The Case of Twitter -- Collaboration Between Social Sciences and Computer Science: Toward a Cross-Disciplinary Methodology for Studying Big Social Data from Online Communities -- Critical Internet Studies -- Digital Activism Within Post-Fordism: Interventions Between Assimilation and Exclusion -- Digital Folklore -- Historical Web as a Tool for Analyzing Social Change -- How Computer Networks Became Social -- Lessons from Internet Art About Life with the Internet -- Networks of Change: The Sociology of Network Media -- After networks: A theory of online fields -- Researching Affordances -- Research Programs as a Tool to Map Internet Studies -- Science and Medicine on YouTube -- Spatial Analysis Meets Internet Research -- Combating the Live-Streaming of Child Sexual Abuse and Sexual Exploitation: A Need for New Legislation -- What Media Logics Can Tell Us About the Internet?- Introduction – Foundations -- Telephone Interviewing as a Qualitative Methodology for Researching Cyberinfrastructure and Virtual Organizations -- Degree Programs in Internet Studies or Internet Research -- Research Ethics, Vulnerability, and Trust on the Internet -- Logics and Legacy of Anonymous -- Feminized Digital Sociality and Online Philanthropy -- Research Centers or Institutes in Internet Research or Internet Studies. Futures: Introduction -- Blended Data: Critiquing and Complementing Social Media Datasets, Big and Small -- Big Data Approaches to the Study of Digital Media -- Big Capta?- Constitutive Surveillance and Social Media -- Convergence, Internet, and Net Neutrality Policy: What the Future Holds for the Internet and Online Content -- Cryptographic Media -- Deep Data: Analyzing Power and Influence in Social Media Networks -- Digitally Researching Islam -- Disguised Propaganda from Digital to Social Media -- Ethics of Social Media Research: State of the Debate and Future Challenges -- The Future of Crowdsourcing Through Games -- Fuzzy Limits: Researching Discourse in the Internet with Corpora -- How to Compare Different Social Media: A Conceptual and Technical Framework -- Legislating for Internet "access"-ability -- New Media, Religion, and Politics: A Comparative Investigation into the Dialogue between the Religious and the Secular in France and in Vietnam -- Nexus Analysis as a Framework for Internet Studies -- Lifelogging: Recording Life Patterns Tied to Daily Internet Usage -- Paradoxes of the Cyber Party: The Changing Organizational Design of the British Labour Party -- Smart Contracts as Evidence: Trust, Records, and the Future of Decentralized Transactions -- Affective Flux of Feminist Digital Collectives, or What Happened to the Women's March of 2017 -- Today's Internet for Tomorrow's Cities: On Algorithmic Culture and Urban Imaginaries

1.On the threshold of old age: perceptions of the elderly in Athenian red-figure vase-painting /Nicholas A. Harokopos --2.The transformation of the bride in Attic vase-painting /Victoria Sabetai --3.Transitory nudity: life changes in Etruscan art /Bridget Sandhoff --4.Cultural manoeuvring in the elite tombs of Ptolemaic Egypt /Sara E. Cole --5.Octavian transformed as pharaoh and as Emperor Augustus /Erin A. Peters --6.Ethnic identity, Social identity, and the aesthetics of sameness in the funerary monuments of Roman freedmen /Devon Stewart --7.Greater in death: the transformative effect of convivial iconography on Roman cineraria /Carrie L. Sulosky Weaver --8.A viewer walks into a tomb: transformation in the Cubiculum Leonis /Ethan Gannaway --9.Protoplasts and prophets: the stucco reliefs in the Orthodox Baptistery in Ravenna /Rachel Danford.

Introduction; 1 Islamic Movements and the Secular State in India; 2 Muslim Citizenship Politics and the Popular Front of India; 3 Framing Muslim Victimhood: The Politics of Grief and Protection; 4 Hindu Self-Defence against Muslim Troublemakers; 5 Islamic Pragmatism and Legal Education: Appeal of the Popular Front of India; 6 Value Politics, Illiberal Agendas and Modernity in India; 7 Conclusion -- Has Secular Politics Failed?

Authority and Control in the Countryside looks at the economic, religious, political and cultural instruments that local and regional powers in the late antique to early medieval Mediterranean and Near East used to manage their rural hinterlands. Measures of direct control - land ownership, judicial systems, garrisons and fortifications, religious and administrative appointments, taxes and regulation - and indirect control - monuments and landmarks, cultural styles and artistic models, intellectual and religious influence, and economic and bureaucratic standard-setting - are examined to reconstruct the various means by which authority was asserted over the countryside. Unified by its thematic and spatial focus, this book offers an array of interdisciplinary approaches, allowing for important comparisons across a wide but connected geographical area in the transition from the Sasanian and Roman to the Islamic period.0Contributors: Arezou Azad and Hugh Kennedy, Sobhi Bouderbala, Michele Campopiano, Alain Delattre, Jessica Ehinger, Simon Ford, James Howard-Johnston, Elif Keser-Kayaalp, Marie Legendre, Javier Martinez Jimenez, Harry Munt, Annliese Nef and Vivien Prigent, Marion Rivoal and Marie-Odile Rousset, Gesa Schenke, Petra Sijpesteijn, Peter Verkinderen, Luke Yarbrough, Khaled Younes