Suchergebnisse

A study to analyze the emotional factors, esp hostility (H), affecting internat'l decision-making. 2 historical decisions, occurring in the 6-week period prior to WWI, were selected: the Austrian ultimatum to Serbia, & the Russian decision to mobilize the entire Russian armed forces. Concern was focused on 3 aspects of H: (1) behavioral effects of feelings of persecution; (2) effects of perceiving H in the environment, regardless of who was seen as the object; (3) effects of being hostile. 6 hyp's were formulated: the more the leader sees himself as the object of H, (A) the more often he will make hostile statements, (B) the more states he sees as hostile toward himself, (C) the more hostile states he sees, (D) the less often he will make statements of goals or policy, (E) the more H the leader perceives in the environment, the fewer policy statements he will make, & (F) the more hostile statements the leader makes, the more H he will perceive in his environment. In analyzing the 2 historical decisions chosen, it was discovered that (a) perceiving itself as the object of H does not necessarily affect a state's behavior in these 2 ways: it does not necessarily make a state more or less hostile nor influence it to issue more or less policy statements; (b) a feeling of persecution is related to a state's perception of many hostile states in the environment, & to its perception that many diff states are hostile to itself; (c) perception of H does not affect the stating of policy; & (d) a state which is behaving in a hostile manner tends to see other states as hostile. D. Coonerman.

Air law - concept and definitions -- Historical evolution of air law -- Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago, 1944) -- International legal regime of the air space -- International legal regime of aircraft and its operation -- Legal regime of international air transport -- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) -- Legal management of aviation security -- International unification of private air law through ICAO -- Appendices -- Bibliography of documents -- Index

'Frauenrechte sind Menschenrechte: simpel und einleuchtend ist diese abstrakte Gleichung. Während Jahren war sie jedoch nicht selbstverständlich: die internationalen Menschenrechte orientierten sich jahrzehntelang an primär männlichen Lebensmustern und Vorstellungen menschlicher Würde. Die Konsequenzen dieser Gleichung wurden zudem in der gerichtlichen und politischen Praxis weder auf dem internationalen Parkett noch in der Schweiz wirklich ausgeleuchtet und sind, kaum nehmen sie konkretere Formen an, oft umstritten. Fast so einfach wie die anfangs erwähnte Gleichung ist die Feststellung, dass internationale Normen mit der Ratifizierung in der Schweiz ohne weiteres geltendes Recht sind. Welche menschenrechtlichen Normen gelten für die Schweiz im Bereich der Gleichstellung? Welchen Kontrollverfahren ist sie unterstellt? Gibt es Potenziale, die sich für die Verwirklichung der Gleichstellung in der Schweiz besser nutzen lassen? Der vorliegende Artikel präsentiert einen kurzen Überblick über komplexe Fragen und Antworten.' (Autorenreferat)

Diplomacy is a series of crises, and the navigational beacon for a nation is international law. This book is a collection of articles on six selected international legal issues concerning Japan. It addresses various issues, including self-defence, post-war legal issues, chemical weapons, the law of the sea, consular immunities, and hijacking. It is a legal documentary through which the reader can look into the minds of Japanese officials challenged by one crisis after another. As a coherent whole, this book ably represents "Japan's Practice of International Law" and remarkably portrays international law in action from a Japanese practitioner's perspective.

pt. I. Introduction to international economics -- pt. II. International trade theory -- pt. III. International trade policy -- pt. IV. International investment and finance -- pt. V. The history of the international monetary system -- pt. VI. Immigration.

This paper presents a model of a multinational firm's optimal debt policy that incorporates international taxation factors. The model yields the prediction that a multinational firm's indebtedness in a country depends on a weighted average of national tax rates and differences between national and foreign tax rates. These differences matter because multinationals have an incentive to shift debt to high-tax countries. The predictions of the model are tested using a novel firm-level dataset for European multinationals and their subsidiaries, combined with newly collected data on the internationa